PHYTOCHEMICAL AND ACUTE TOXICITY STUDIES OF METHANOL SEED EXTRACTS OF PARKINSONIA ACULEATA L

Malami Y.G.,Jatau Aand Sani, I. H

Department of Science laboratory Technology,

Umaru Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic, Sokoto, Nigeria.

ABSTRACT

Phytochemical and acute toxicity test were evaluated using methanol seed extracts of Parkinsonia aculeata. Phytochemical analysis was conducted using standard procedure, the chemical ingredients detected were Alkaloids, Glycosides, Saponins Glycosides, Volatile Oils, Cardiac glycosides, Flavonoids, Terpenes, Steroids and absent of Tannins and Anthraquinones which were detected qualitatively. Quantitative analysis has also revealed the percentage compositions of the active ingredients as Alkaloids (3.80%), Flavonoids (1.80%), Glycosides (0.80%) and Steroids (3.9%). Acute toxicity studies were done using up and down procedure of Organization for Economic and Cultural Development (OECD, 2001) guidelines for oral toxicity test. This has indicated that the median lethal dose (LD₅₀) of the seed extracts was greater than 5000mg/kg of the rats. The study has shown that, seed extract of P. aculeata was safe and non-toxic.

Keywords: Phytochemical, Acute toxicity, methanolic, Parkinsonia aculeate.