A SURVEY AND IDENTIFICATION OF SOME FOREST PLANTS USED AGAINST BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL DISEASES IN ABEOKUTA METROPOLIS, OGUN STATE, NIGERIA

Afuape, A.O.

Department of Science Laboratory Technology

 Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Abeokuta, Nigeria.

Email: Afuape.abolaji@mapoly.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

Several plants have been used for management of bacterial and fungal diseases. An ethnobotanical survey of plants often used for treatment of common bacterial and fungal diseases in Abeokuta metropolis of Ogun State was carried out. Structured questionnaire was used to elicit information on the selected plants based on frequency of mention from 200 purposively selected herbal product sellers and Practitioners in Abeokuta North and South Local Government Areas of Ogun State, Nigeria. Quantitative phytochemical screening of secondary metabolites of most frequently mentioned plants including Daniellia oliveri,Terminalia avicennoides, Garcinia kola, Ocimum gratissimum and  Lawsonia inermis was carried out to determine the concentrations of tannins, saponin, steroids, flavonoids, alkaloid, phenol, terpenoid, anthocyanin and anthraquinone on the plant extracts using ethanol, CSL and water as solvent for extraction. Ninety-two plants species belonging to fifty families used for treatment of some bacterial and fungal infections were recorded out of which 65.2% were tree species and Daniellia oliveri H&D. (13.03%)had the highest percentage of occurrence. Decoction was the predominant mode of preparation and mostly administered orally. The percentage of prioritized plants were Daniellia oliveri (13.03%),Terminalia avicennoides Guill.& Perr.(8.99%), Garcinia kola Heckel (5.60%), Ocimum gratissimum Linn.(5.34%) and  Lawsonia inermis Linn.(4.17%). The most exploited plant parts was stem bark (38.6%).Ethanol extracts of O. gratissimum leaves recorded highest tannin, alkaloid, flavonoid and phenol values of 12.53 ± 0.08 mg/ml; 0.910 ± 0.010 mg/ml; 0.765 ± 0.015 mg/ml and 0.805 ± 0.005 mg/ml respectively when compared with its aqueous extract. Ethanol extract of D. oliveri stem bark recorded highest tannin, alkaloid, flavonoid and phenol contents 9.590 ± 0.010 mg/ml; 0.865 ± 0.015 mg/ml, 0.310 ± 0.010 mg/ml and 0.165 ± 0.005 mg/ml respectively. The study revealed that ethanol extract of O.gratissimum leaves had higher phytochemical constituents when compared with other plant studied.

Keywords: Phytochemical, Extracts, Decoction, Bacteria, Fungi.