LABORATORY-ACCOUNTING (PART 1)
Udeajah, Victoria Ndidiamaka and Nworie Amos
Department of Medical laboratory Science
Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki
E-mail add: vakadujah45@gmail.com, nworieamos@yahoo.com
Centre for Promotion of Educational and Scientific Research
- 2023
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- 2023
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FASTNESS AND FADING CHARACTERISTICS OF MANGO LEAVES EXTRACTED DYE ON FABRICS EXPOSED TO SUNLIGHT IN A DESIGNED AND CONSTRUCTED
*1 Akpan, E. A., 2Ikya, J.K.
1Department of Home Science and Management, University of Agriculture, Makurdi.
2Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Agriculture, Makurdi
Email: akpanefiong77@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
In this study, a dye was extracted from mango leaves and the solution obtained was deep yellow but turned light brown when a mordant (alum) was added to it. The two solutions – one containing alum and the other without alum were each tested on their ability to imprint colour on the cotton and wool fabrics. The cotton dyed fabrics (one without alum and the other with alum) were thereafter exposed to sunlight using the exposure frame (designed and constructed sensor instrument) for 40 hours to detect and evaluate the fastness and fading capacity of the dyes. The result revealed that the solution of the dyes without alum (deep yellow) turned the cotton fabric creamy with no significant change in colour after 40 hours of exposure in the designed and constructed exposure frame. This instrument confirmed that the creamy colour on the fabric was indication of its fastness to sunlight and suitability as dye for cotton fabric. The solution with Alum (light brown) turned the cotton fabric lemon green but after exposure to sunlight in an exposure frame there was a significant change and the colour was lost. This indicated fading and the inability of the dye to be applied on cotton favric when alum is used as a mordant. In dyed wool fabric exposed for 40 hours to sunlight, all lost their colours indicating the unsuitability of the mango dye on wool with or without mordant
Conclusion: the exposure frame was able to determine the suitability of mango dyes for cotton fabric without mordant and unsuitability of the dye for wool fabrics
- 2023
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CITIES IN NIGERIA NEEDS URBAN DESIGN FOR COMFORT AND SAFETY
1Arc. Boyce A. Odoko2Okoduwa. O. Joseph.
1Department of Architecture, National Institute of Construction Technology. Uromi, Edo State.
2Department of Survey and Geoinformatics. National Institute of Construction Technology, Uromi, Edo State.
Email: odokoarch@yahoo.com
Abstract: Nigerian urban centers needs to provide facilities for the inhabitants for their comfort, convenience and safety. Amenities, such as, Parks, Cinema Center, Grocery Stores, Shopping Mall, good Roads and Suburban areas, just as it is done in the Western world where Nigerians who has the means frequently go and enjoy. Determination of the extent of impact to which the project will change the existing environment’s arrangement and appearance is very crucial. Design change that will result to positive view of pedestrians of the public space is very significant for the community. Provision of street cape with pedestrian walkways that are equipped with pedestrian light poles, seating places, trash receptacles, trees to provide shade and pedestrian cross-walk will create major pleasant environment for the inhabitants of the city. With such development or provision of these amenities, it will not only create positive psychological effect on the inhabitants, but will also give a positive image or picture of good urban development and will also induce good economic growth. People will be very happy to belong in such environment because of the amenities provided for their pleasure. Provision of good road network connected to these amenities will enable the urban inhabitants have access to the facilities. The design process should provide attractive public open spaces to boost high psychological influence on the people and reduce stress by integration of physical built structures and green spaces.
Keywords: Urban Designs, Place Making, Convenience, Accessibility. Comfort and Safety.
- 2023
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WAR MEMORIAL MUSEUM AS A TOOL FOR FOSTERING PEACE AND RECONCILIATION IN NIGERIA.
Ogonda Justice Nyema, Owajionyi L. Frank
Department of Architecture,
Rivers State University,Nkpolu-Oroworukwo,Port Harcourt
Email: wonderlandconcept@yahoo.com, owajifrank@yahoo.com
Abstract: War Memorial Museums conceptually are public memory sites meant to display military history, war artefacts, and showcase real war efforts and experiences as well as commemorate sacrifices made by fallen heroes. The idea behind this scheme transcends a mere reasoning of conservation but a conscious attempt towards answering questions of how the War Memorial Museum should subconsciously solve conflict-based complex social problems. There is a growing trend from the 20th century which saw the development of commemorative traditions around Europe, America and Asia by which social groups and nations remember, commemorate and attempt to resolve memories of horrific experience of war. (Whitmarsh, 2001). In theory and practice, the design of war memorial museum, the functional layout of spaces and how they interact with exhibit displays will express the intended message to visitors. The purpose of this paper is to commemorate the sacrifices of martyrs of the Nigerian-Biafran civil war as well as use the Civil War Memorial Museum as a tool for fostering peace and stability among warring factions, ethnic or religious groups. The civil war which broke out on June1967 spanning through to January 1970 which saw the massacre of over 500,000 to 6,000,000 people within a 3year interval. The true estimate may not be known since there is no accurate baseline for comparison with both the pre-and-post conflict figures does not follow sound statistical data. (World peace Foundation, August 7, 2015). Case studies both physical and online reveals that War Memorial Museums by design should be designed with the symbolic character in mind, light and openness of spaces will provide visitors ample space and time to observe and subconsciously partake in the war by visual experience and relate with the struggles as it were. War Memorial Museums are places of honour, homage and remembrance. An allusion in support of this finding is a bold inscription on The Museum of Pacific War in America which reads ‘We inspire our youths by honouring our heroes’. (Richard Zelade, 2011) Such views are in consonant with many museums of war, in many Nations. Honouring heroes is the beauty of history and memory, and of not repeating the same ‘mistakes’ (Matthew Allen and Rumi Sakamoto—War and Peace; War memories and Museums in Japan)
Keywords: Museums, memorials, military, artefacts, social problems, commemorate, symbolic character, heroes, martyrs, sacrifices, war, functional layout.
- 2023
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APPLICATION OF LEAST ABSOLUTE SUM (LAS) DEFORMATION DETECTION METHOD USING COORDINATE DIFFERENCES FROM DIFFERENT OBSERVATIONAL CAMPAIGNS
Omogunloye O.G., Shittu O.G., Ipadeola A.O. and Ojegbile B.M
Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering
University of Lagos, Akoka-Lagos, Nigeria
E-mail:- gabolushohan@yahoo.com,
ABSTRACT
Deformation study is one of the main research fields in geodesy. Deformation study comprises measurement, processing and analysis phases, Measurement techniques can be divided into geotechnical, structural and geodetic methods. Geotechnical and structural methods uses equipment such as tiltmeters, Pseodolites, Laser scanners e.t.c to measure changes in length, inclination, relative height, strains e.t.c. The geodetic methods are of two basic types, the reference and relative methods. This study focuses on the deformation analysis using the geodetic method known as the Least Absolute Sum Method. The method consists mainly of the independent adjustment of each of two epoch data, compatibility test on their a posteriori variances, followed by determination of Trend of movements for all the common points in the monitoring network. A triangulation network was designed (carefully selected) consisting of 45 YTT series second order control points within the study area (Lagos State) resulting in a total of 63 triangles,189 observations and 90 unknown parameters with 99 degrees of freedom. The network adjustment was done using the method of least squares observation equations. The estimated variance factors for the 2D (horizontal) network were 7.82989325645394e-08 and 7.7207636996395e-08 while 0.03944 and 0.052339 represent the estimated variance factors for the 1D (height) for the first and second epochs networks respectively. The compatibility of the two epoch data was tested with the variance ratio and compatibility test criteria. Actual displacement vectors were computed and transformed into the same computational base using S-transformation by Least Absolute Sum (LAS), stable and unstable points within the monitoring network were determined using Single Point displacement test, the displacement vector magnitude was computed for the two methods, represented graphically to indicate possible trend of movements that might have occurred. This study finds applications in studying the deformation of large engineering structures such as high rise buildings, bridges, dams, oil exploration zones, mining sites and land slide monitoring.
Keywords: Deformation, Analysis, Least Absolute Sum (LAS).
- 2023
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Table of Contents
Numerical Simulations on the Effect of Recycle and Time
Delayon the Cubic Autocatalytic Reaction Model
Yakubu, A. A., Yatim, M. Y. 1-12
Structural, Optical Absorbance and Transmittance Properties
of Silar Deposited Iron Lead Sulphide(Pbsfe) and
Ironcopper Sulphide(Cusfe) Thin Films
Udeajah, V.N. and Onah, D.U 13-33
The Role of Mathematics in the Development of Science &
Technology in Nigeria in the 21st Century
Orngudwem, Terfa Iyorshe, Atindiga, Simon Terhemen and Kper,
Bartholomew Torkuma 34-46
Application of Least Absolute Sum (Las) Deformation Detection Method
Using Coordinate Differences From Different Observational Campaigns
Omogunloye O.G., Shittu O.G., Ipadeola A.O. and Ojegbile B.M 47-78
- 2023
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STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL ABSORBANCE AND TRANSMITTANCE PROPERTIES OF SILAR DEPOSITED IRON LEAD SULPHIDE(PbSFe) AND IRONCOPPER SULPHIDE(CuSFe) THIN FILMS
Udeajah, V.N. and Onah, D.U
Department of Industrial Physics
Ebonyi State University, Abakaliki
Email: vakadujah45 @ gmail.com, d_onah @yahoo.co.uk
ABSTRACT
The influence of iron on lead sulphide(PbS) and Copper Sulphide (CuS) thin films deposited on glass substrates via successive ionic layer adsorption (SILAR) Technique using lead acetate,Pb(CH 3 COO) 2, Cupric Acetate Cu(CH 3 COO) 2, thioacetamide ( S 2 H 5 NS), Iron (II) Chloride dehydrate(Fe Cl 2. 2H 2 O), ethanol and ammonia by in alkaline medium annealed between 283K and 500K was investigated. The structural and morphological studies were performed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) Analysis and scanning electron microscopy(SEM) respectively. The Uv-visible studies were done using spectrometer in the Technical University, Ibadan. The XRD showed films of cubic crystalline PbS thin films, cubic and face-centred crystalline PbSFe thin films, cubic CuS thin film, hexagonal Cu 2 S thin films and cubic and hexagonal crystalline natured CuSFe thin films with the preferential (111),(002)(004) (311) orientations.
- 2023
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THE ROLE OF MATHEMATICS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY IN NIGERIA IN THE 21ST CENTURY
Omogunloye O.G., Shittu O.G., Ipadeola A.O. and Ojegbile B.M
Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics Engineering
University of Lagos, Akoka-Lagos, Nigeria
E-mail:- gabolushohan@yahoo.com,
ABSTRACT
Deformation study is one of the main research fields in geodesy. Deformation study comprises measurement, processing and analysis phases, Measurement techniques can be divided into geotechnical, structural and geodetic methods. Geotechnical and structural methods uses equipment such as tiltmeters, Pseodolites, Laser scanners e.t.c to measure changes in length, inclination, relative height, strains e.t.c. The geodetic methods are of two basic types, the reference and relative methods. This study focuses on the deformation analysis using the geodetic method known as the Least Absolute Sum Method. The method consists mainly of the independent adjustment of each of two epoch data, compatibility test on their a posteriori variances, followed by determination of Trend of movements for all the common points in the monitoring network. A triangulation network was designed (carefully selected) consisting of 45 YTT series second order control points within the study area (Lagos State) resulting in a total of 63 triangles,189 observations and 90 unknown parameters with 99 degrees of freedom. The network adjustment was done using the method of least squares observation equations. The estimated variance factors for the 2D (horizontal) network were 7.82989325645394e-08 and 7.7207636996395e-08 while 0.03944 and 0.052339 represent the estimated variance factors for the 1D (height) for the first and second epochs networks respectively. The compatibility of the two epoch data was tested with the variance ratio and compatibility test criteria. Actual displacement vectors were computed and transformed into the same computational base using S-transformation by Least Absolute Sum (LAS), stable and unstable points within the monitoring network were determined using Single Point displacement test, the displacement vector magnitude was computed for the two methods, represented graphically to indicate possible trend of movements that might have occurred. This study finds applications in studying the deformation of large engineering structures such as high rise buildings, bridges, dams, oil exploration zones, mining sites and land slide monitoring.
Keywords: Deformation, Analysis, Least Absolute Sum (LAS).
- 2023
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NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS ON THE EFFECT OF RECYCLE AND TIME DELAYON THE CUBIC AUTOCATALYTIC REACTION MODEL
Yakubu, A. A.1, Yatim, M. Y.2
1Department of Mathematical Sciences, Ibrahim Badamasi Babangida University, Lapai, Nigeria;
2School of Mathematical Sciences, UniversitiSains Malaysia, P.O.Box 11800, Penang, Malaysia
email: aaishaty@ibbu.edu.ng
ABSTRACT
The effect of recycle and time delay on the cubic autocatalytic reaction model with linear decay in the absence of an autocatalyst in a continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR) is studied. The model comprises a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equation which describes the autocatalytic behavior of two chemicals (a reactant and an autocatalyst) flowing into the CSTR. When the system is affected by recycle (using different values of ) without time delay , the concentration of the reactant decomposes until it reaches equilibrium while the concentration of the autocatalyst oscillates in an unstable pattern, but with increase in time . However, when the system is affected by both recycle and time dalay, the concentrations oscillations is quite small and unstable for the autocatalyst.
Keywords: Continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR),Nonlinear ODE, Recycle and Time delay
- 2023
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Table of Contents
The Effectiveness of Financial Regulations on Shareholders’ Value on
Nigerian Stock Market: A Case Study of Listed Agricultural Related
Companies
Tony Ikechukwu Nwanji, Kerry E. Howell, Dominic Z. Agba, Sunday O.
Adewara, Adegbola Olubukola Otekunrin, Adedoyin Isola Lawal & Tobi
E. Oladiran 1-30
Effects of Entrepreneurial Management on Business Survival in Nigeria
(A Case Study of Shop Rite Enterprise, along Alagbaka at Akure in Ondo
State, Nigeria).
Akinseye Ezekiel Morakinyo& Ajanaku Emmanuel Ademola 31-53
The Role of Entrepreneurship Education in Diversifying the Nigeria’s
Economy
Orngudwem, Terfa Iyorshe Kper, Bartholomew Torkuma and Tombowua,
Paul Terlumun 54-63
Stake Holders’ Disposition towards Inclusion of Entrepreneurship
Studies into Primary School Curriculum in Minna, Chanchaga
Local Government Area of Niger State
Ndace Silas 64-118
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