The Application of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) In the Sitting

Water Reservoirs/Tanks to Enhance Water Distribution and
Networking in Lokoja, Kogi State, Nigeria.
Okoli, F.U. and Achegbulu, E.O.
Geoinformatics & Surveying Department
University of Nigeria, Enugu Campus, Nigeria.
E-mail: frankuzookoli@gmail.com , maximiks@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The challenge of portable water and water distribution in Africa and the world at large in which Lokoja, Kogi State in Nigeria is no exception, is on the increase. The situation in Lokoja where both the River Benue and Niger met is even more pathetic as both the young and old have to source their drinking water from the mud in what used to be the famous confluence – the meeting point of Nigeria’s two renowned rivers. This research project
investigated means of taking the advantage of the topography of the area, to enhance portable water distribution and networking systems through the identification of possible areas for the sitting of water reservoirs/tanks on high elevated plane for distribution of water due to gravity by employing Geographic Information Systems (GIS) techniques. Different layers were used: Digital Terrain Model (DTM) were developed, land use and land cover
map, contour map and a water pipeline layout map were prepared by various primary and secondary data available. These layers were integrated to produce a map showing possible locations for water reservoirs/tanks for water distribution network for adequate supply of water without absolute dependent on the public power supply. This research recommends that, water distribution network should be designed such that water pressure is adequate at all locations, water are conveniently available at different locations for steady supply, and that the water sectors should harness the topography of an area to provide sufficient water through her liable distribution network.