Table of Contents

Chemical Composition of Indigenous (Nupe) Rice and Foreign Rice

Varieties in Bida, Niger State, Nigeria

Owwunabo, Okechukwu Nancy, Abiodun, Abayomi & Mahmud Rasheed     1-10

The Production of Diet ‘Zobo’ Drink from Hibiscus Sabdariffa Petals

using Saccharin

Oduwobi, O.O & Afuye, O.O.                                                                           11-24

Histopathological and Haematological Effects of Aqueous Extract

Cnidoscolus Acontifolius on the Liver and Kidney in Adult Wistar Rat

Ebeye O.A, Ekundina V.O and Mokwe M                                                         25-41

Comparative Physico-chemical Composition of Natural Honey

Collected from Traditional Bee-Breeders in Ogun State.

Adebowale, O.J., Salaam, H.A and Agboola, O.A.                                            42-55

The Effect of Garcinia Kola (Bitter Kola) On Testosterone and the

Histology of the Testes in Male Albino Wistar Rats

S.I Ovuakporaye, E.I. Odokuma                                                                        56-68

THE EFFECT OF GARCINIA KOLA (BITTER KOLA) ON TESTOSTERONE AND THE HISTOLOGY OF THE TESTES IN MALE ALBINO WISTAR RATS

¹S.I Ovuakporaye,²E.I.Odokuma

¹Department of Human Physiology,Delta State University,  Abraka, Nigeria

²Department of Anatomy and cell biology, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

Email: simonovuakpo2006@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The study determined the effect of Garcina kola on testosterone and the histology of the testes in male albino wistarrats. Fifteen (15) male rats of the Wistar strain weighing 115g-220g were divided into groups of 3 (control, low dose, high dose) consisting of 5 male rats in each of the 3 groups to determine the effects of Garciniakola extract on testosterone. The control group was given only water and rat feed while the experimental groups of low dose and high dose were administerd 5g/kg and 10g/kg respectively per body weight for a  period of 28 days. The rats were sacrificed and testosterone from the blood in these 3 groups, were studied. Statistical analyses of data were determined by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Post-hoc Turkey’s test. It was observed that the hormone testosterone from group 2 with values of 0.50 ±0.15 recorded a significant increase in testosterone when compared to group 1 (control)with values 0.29 ± 0.08,while group 3 with values 0.23 ± 0.08 recorded no significant changes in testosterone when compared with group 1 (control).

Keywords: Garcina Kola, Testosterone, Histology of the Testis, Wistar Rats

COMPARATIVE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF NATURAL HONEY COLLECTED FROM TRADITIONAL BEE-BREEDERS IN OGUN STATE.

*Adebowale, O.J¹., Salaam, H.A¹ and Agboola, O.A².

¹Department of Food Technology, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Ogun ²Department of Pure and Applied Biology, LAUTECH, Ogbomoso, Oyo

Email: jimiolalekan@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Comparative studies on the physico-chemical composition of natural honey produced by traditional bee- breeders from the three senatorial districts in Ogun state were investigated. These districts were: Ogun-East, Ogun-Central and Ogun-West consisting of nine, six and five local government areas respectively. Double-stage multistage clustered sampling was used to carry out the studies on the selected six (6) local government areas that were finally chosen for the studies. Fresh natural honey samples were collected in sterile pet bottles and were analyzed for hydroxymethyfurfural, reducing sugar, pH, specific gravity, refractive index, total solids, titratable acidity, moisture and ash contents, and sucrose. Values range of 43.4 to 53.1(ppm); 70.2 to 76.4 (%); 2.73 to 3.74; 1.255 to 1.402; 1.446 to 1.448; 73.5 to 77.5(%); 0.62 to 1.63; 22.5 to 26.5 (%); 1.2 to 2.8 (%) and 3.23 to 4.72 (%) for hydroxymethyfurfural, reducing sugar, pH, specific gravity, refractive index, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, moisture, ash contents and sucrose respectively were recorded. Results obtained from the study however, showed that moisture and ash contents do not conform with the standards (Codex Alimentarius Commission and European Union) in that, values obtained were higher the those of the standards. Conversely, data obtained for titratable acidity, refractive index, reducing sugars, sucrose and to some extent the hydroxymethyfurfural were in agreement with the standards. Generally, all the honey samples investigated were highly acidic with high total soluble solids (sugars) and hence, a good-preserve.

Keywords Physico-chemical composition, natural honey, senatorial district, hydroxymethyfurfural

HISTOPATHOLOGICAL AND HAEMATOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT CNIDOSCOLUS ACONTIFOLIUS ON THE LIVER AND KIDNEY IN ADULT WISTAR RAT

²Ebeye O.A, ¹Ekundina V.O and ²Mokwe M

¹Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe-Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State

²Department of Human Anatomy and Cell BiologyDelta State University, Abraka.

email:Kemvic30@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The effects of chronic administration of aqueous leaf extract of cnidoscolus aconitifolius on some heamatological and histopathological parameters of the kidney and liver of wistar rats.  Twenty four (24) adult wistar rats were acclimatized, weighed and sorted into four groups (A-D) of 6 animals each with corresponding body weights in the same group. Aqueous leaf extracts of cnidoscolus aconitifolius was administered orally to rats in groups B-D at 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 600mg/kg body weight respectively for 28 days aside the normal feed and water while group A which served as the control was given only feed and water for the same duration. At the end of administration, animals were sacrificed and blood was collected from the inferior venecava into vials containing EDTA for the various tests while the kidney and liver samples were quickly fixed in 10% formol saline. Tissue sections of the samples were processed and stained using hematoxylin and eosin stains respectively. Results showed increase in WBC (leukocytosis), glomerular degeneration as seen in proliferative glomerulopathy as well as hepatic damage evident in periportal fibrosis at the highest dose (600mg/kg). Consumption of cnidocolus acontifolius should be with caution as it elicited a dose  dependent damaging effects on the organ studied.

THE PRODUCTION OF DIET ‘ZOBO’ DRINK FROM HIBISCUS SABDARIFFA PETALS USING SACCHARIN

^*1Oduwobi, O.O & ²Afuye, O.O.

The Department of Science Laboratory Technology,

The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Ogun State.

Email: dwheazy2012@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Zobo drink, which is indigenously gotten from Hibiscus plants (Roselle), has been shown to be good source of natural carbohydrate, protein and vitamin C. Many medicinal applications of the Roselle plant have been developed around the world; Roselle also has certain therapeutic properties. The diet Zobo drink was prepared using saccharin and then preserved with kola nut extract. The extract was remarkably effective in preserving the diet Zobo drink for days from bacterial spoilage with a mean value of 7 x 10² Cfu/ml while the diet Zobo samples without the kola nut extract recorded a mean value of 45 x 10² Cfu/ml, after a 24hr incubation period on Nutrient agar. The pH value was 4, moisture content was 90%, the brix and alcohol contents both recorded a Zero value and the temperature of the product was 37.0 ºC respectively. The calorific value of the diet Zobo drink was 2.40Kcal for a 0.6g of saccharin used in the preparation of 1L of the drink while the calorific value of the sucrose-laden Zobo drink was 193.5Kcal for a 50g (about 5cubes) of table sugar used in the preparation of the sucrose-laden Zobo drink. By this investigation, it can thus be deduced that saccharin is indeed highly effective for dieting, as well as useful as a sweetener mainly because of its non-calorific property. Further studies on the health implication, if any, of artificial sweeteners could be carried out to ascertain their health safety mainly because of the controversies surrounding their use as food additives.

Keywords: Hibiscus Sabdariffa, Saccharin, Artificial Sweeteners, Food Additive, Calorific Value.

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF INDIGENOUS (NUPE) RICE AND FOREIGN RICE VARIETIES IN BIDA, NIGER STATE, NIGERIA

Owwunabo, Okechukwu Nancy, Abiodun, Abayomi and Mahmud Rasheed

Department of Nutrition and Dietetics

Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria

Email: nancyokechukwun@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The objective of the study was to ascertain the differences in the nutrients composition of imported and locally grown rice in Bida. Four different rice varieties (two locally grown and two imported rice) were evaluated for proximate, some minerals and vitamins and anti-nutrient composition. The local rice varieties contained more moisture, crude fibre, and ash than the foreign varieties, but with no change in carbohydrate content. There were significant difference (P<0.05) in the levels of minerals- phosphorus, calcium, sodium, and minerals in foreign and local rice varieties. The rice varieties also contained anti-nutrients which restrict the complete utilization of the nutrients contained in rice but can easily be destroyed by heat. These results generated might be able to provide vital information on identifying superior quality of rice marketed in Bida, based on their nutrient composition.

Keywords: Rice Varieties, ‘Ofada’, ‘Aroso’, Nutrients, Sensory Properties, Nigeria.