Table of Contents

Prevalence of Parasitic Infections amongst Children In-Patients in Maiduguri; Northeastern Nigeria

Aisha, H. and Biu, A.A.                                                                                                                        1 – 5

Hypoglycaemic Effect of Extracts of Hyphaene thebaica (L) Mart Fruit Pulp in Normal and Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rats

Shehu, B.B., Gidado, A. and Buratai, L.B                                                                                  6 – 15

Proteolytic Enzyme Therapy in Pancreatic Cancer Treatment: A Review

Leonard, A.F. and Milala, M.A.                                                                                                             16 – 28

Ethnomedicinal Survey of Folkloric Plants Used in Managing Breast Cancers by the Traditional Medical Practitioners of North- East Nigeria

Z.K. Mohammed, A. Daja, H.G Hamza, A. Gidado, and I.M Hussaini                                      29-43

Histopathology of the Gills, Livers and Kidney of Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Exposed to Sniper 1000EC Under Laboratory Conditions

Abubakar, M.I., G.N.O. Ezeri, I.T. Omoniyi and O.A. Akinloye                                                  44 – 60

An Assessment of Child-Killer Disease in Relation to Environment: Case Study of Jekadafari Gombe-Nigeria

Adamu, S.J, Ibrahim, A.Q and Mahmoud, A.B                                                                         61 – 79

Human Dermatosis in Maiduguri, Nigeria: A Review of Case Records Diagnosed at the Molai Hospital and Leprosy Centre (MHLC), Maiduguri

Biu, A.A., Shu’aibu, M.A., Paul, B.T., Kyari, F., Mohammed, A., Fasuyi, F.H., Ali, M., Saidu, A.M., Onigbanjo, H.O. and Arowolo, B.O.                                                                                          80 – 82

Awareness of HIV/AIDS among Rural Population in Edo State, Nigeria

Oronsaye F.E. and Oviasogie F.E.                                                                                             83 – 87

Bacteriological Examination and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Bottled Water Sold in Amai, Delta State

Tanimowo, W.O., Kolagbodi R., Ukolobi O. and Osaide S.                                                       88 – 100

Exercise, a Veritable Tool for Prevention and Control of Obesity and Overweight

Nwezeh, G.O. and Ugbabe, P.                                                                                                  101 – 114

Effects of Some Oral Hypoglycaemic Drugs on Erythrocyte Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Hydrogen Diaphorase (E.C.1.6.4.3) Activity of Wistar Alibino Rats (Rattus rattus)

Uzuegbu, U.E. and Onuoha, S.C.                                                                                              115 – 122

Effects of Some Oral Hypoglycaemic Drugs on Erythrocyte Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide Hydrogen Diaphorase (E.C.1.6.4.3) Activity of Wistar Alibino Rats (Rattus rattus)

*Uzuegbu, U.E. and **Onuoha, S.C.

*Department of Medical Biochemistry, Delta State University, Abraka, Warri, Nigeria.

**Department of Biochemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Choba, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.

         E-mail: efiyugos@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The in vivo effects of three oral hypoglycaemic drugs, daonil (a glubenclanude), diabenes (a sulphonyclurea) and glucophage (a metformun) on erythrocyte nicotinamide adenine dinocleotide hydrogen (NADH) activity of wistar albino rats (Rattus rattus) were monitored at drug concentrations of 0.00, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03mg/200g body weight. The effects of the drugs were monitored for fourteen days at intervals of 1, 2, 6 and 14 day(s) following administration of each drug.  Three rats were used per each drug concentration per time interval (days). NADH diaphorase activity was monitored at a pH 8.0 at 37^oC. Daonil significantly (P<0.05) activated NADH-diaphorase activity in a concentration dependent manner with an optimal activation obtained at a concentration of 0.03mg/200g body weight and on the sixth day of drug administration.  For instance, at drug concentration of 0.00, 0.01, 0.02 and 0.03mg/200g body weight and at 6^th day of administration; NADH diaphorase activity (iu/L) of 6.80 ± 0.65, 10.17 ± 0.69, 10.35 ± 0.97 and 11.44 ± 0.82 were obtained respectively.  The increase in enzyme activity following drug administration was progressive with time duration (days).Maximum effect was obtained on the sixth day with a decline on the 14^th day. And 0.03mg/200g body weight, NADH activities (iu/L) of 6.70 ± 1.16, 14.74 ± 0.04, 19.50 ± 0.15 and 20.53 ± 0.57 were obtained on the sixth day.  Comparatively, the activation of the erythrocyte enzyme by the drug (on the 6^th day of administration was in the order: Glucophage > Daonil: Diabenese had no significant effect. The implications of these findings to the functional integrity of erythrocytes are discussed in this work.

Exercise, a Veritable Tool for Prevention and Control of Obesity and Overweight

Nwezeh, G.O.¹ and Ugbabe, P.²

¹Nutrition/Dietetics Department, Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria.

²Hospitality, Leisure and Tourism Management Department, Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria.

E-mail: nwezehgodfrey@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Exercise is a physical or mental exertion to increase skill or strength. It is also defined as activity requiring physical effort carried out especially to sustain or improve health and fitness. Overweight however, refers to an excess amount of bodyweight that may come from muscles, bone, fats, and water, obesity refers to the excess amount of body fat. Keeping active can help people stay at a healthy weight or lose weight. It can also lower the risk of heart disease, diabetes, stroke, high blood pressure, osteoporosis and certain cancers as well as reduce stress and boost healthy mood. Experts measure the intensity of physical activity in metabolic equivalents or METs for short. One (1) MET is defined as the calories burned while an individual sits quietly for one (1) minute for average adult, that is about one (1) calorie per every 2.2 pounds of body weight per an hour. Worldwide, people are less active today than they were decades ago. While studies have shown that sports and leisure activity levels have remained stable or increased slightly. Physical activity seems to work best when combined with a lower calorie eating plan in controlling overweight and obesity. Treatment for obesity and overweight may include a mix of behavioural treatment which include; diet, exercise and sometimes weight loss drugs. In some cases like extreme obesity, weight loss by surgery may be an option. In making recommendations, it is important to bear in mind that staying active is not purely an individual choice. Therefore, the following recommendations were proffered; provisions of parks, playing grounds, within neighbourhood; and provision of side- walks, bike paths in Nigerian roads to serve as source of motivation to those that desire to exercise and lose weight.

Bacteriological Examination and Antibiotic Resistance Profile of Bacteria Isolated from Bottled Water Sold in Amai, Delta State.

^*1Tanimowo, W.O., ¹Kolagbodi R., ²Ukolobi O. and ²Osaide S.

¹Department of Biological Sciences, Novena University, Ogume, Delta State, Nigeria.

²Department of Microbiology, Delta State University, Abraka, Delta State, Nigeria.

E-mail: jesumowo0630@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This study was carried out to investigate the microbiological quality as well as the antibiotic resistance profile of bacterial species in some bottled water sold in Ukwuani Local Government Area of Delta State. The presence of heterotrophic plate count from six (6) commercially available bottled water were examined using standard pour plate and spread plate methods, while the antibiotic resistance was investigated using disc diffusion method. The results obtained indicated that 16.7% and 83.3% of the samples showed heterotrophic plate (HPC) count within the range of less than 1(CFU/ml) and 1- 250 (CFU/ml), respectively, and 0% sample showed greater than 250 (CFU/ml) in heterotrophic plate counts. The results also showed that 83.3% klebsiella, 83.3% Staphylococcus aureus, 50% Salmonella, 50% Serratia, 66.7% Escherichia coli and 16.7% Streptococcus, were isolated from the water samples. All the bacterial isolates were resistant to the antibiotics tested. Since some bacterial species have developed resistance and are still developing resistance against certain antibiotics which were once known to be active against such bacterial species,  it is therefore recommended that good treatment techniques that would eliminate all forms of microorganisms that could cause water related diseases be used to treat bottled water before distributing to the consumer populations.

Awareness of HIV/AIDS among Rural Population in Edo State, Nigeria

¹Oronsaye F.E. and ²Oviasogie F.E.

¹Department of Medical Laboratory Science, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.

²Department of Microbiology, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria.

E-mail: sayfrankon@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to determine the awareness, knowledge and beliefs about HIV/AIDS among three rural populations of Edo State Nigeria 568 individuals among the inhabitants of the three villages were randomly surveyed for this study. This was done by means of questionnaires administered to them by trained field health workers. It was found that 40% of the population was still not aware of the presence of HIV/AIDS. 80% were fully grown adults and 99% were unmarried. 20% attributed the death toll on our young and active workforce to mysterious circumstances and evil spirits. The need to spread the campaign for the prevention of HIV/AIDS to the rural areas of this country cannot be overemphasized.