TRENDS IN SUSTAINABLE DESIGN IN ARCHITECTURE

Auwalu Umaru², Bello Muhammed Murtala¹ and Orewere Emmamoge³

¹Department of Architecture, Faculty of Environmental Technology, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi

²Department of Architecture, Faculty of Environmental Science, University of Jos

³Federal College of Forestry, Jos

E-mail: ayola3@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The concept of Sustainable design also called environmental design, environmentally sustainable design, environmentally conscious design, etc. is the philosophy of designing physical objects, the built environment, and services to comply with the principles of social, economic, and ecological sustainability. This research embraced quantitative data collection method by looking at sustainable architectural designs around the world with an aim to highlight practices which promote sustainable design that is about creating a better quality of life now, for future generations in architecture and construction industry in Nigeria. The main objectives of sustainable design are to reduce, or completely avoid, depletion of critical resources like energy, water, and raw materials; prevent environmental degradation caused by facilities and infrastructure throughout their life cycle; and create built environments that are liveable, comfortable, safe, and productive. Principles and methods of sustainable design are discussed in this write-up. The paper recommends working with nature as the most efficient way to sustainable development through architecture in Nigeria.

TIME MANAGEMENT IN ARCHITECTURAL PRACTICE 

Charles N. Onunze

Department of Architecture,

Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, PMB 0248, Bauchi, Nigeria.

Email: cnonunze@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Architects have always made genuine efforts to control the waste of resources, of all kinds, in their practice of the architectural profession. Unfortunately, however, many people in management positions, (including architects), pay a little attention to a proper management of their time. The reason for this state of affairs is that most people fail to consider time as a resource in business management. Apart from human, financial and material resources, time is also a resource, and a limited one at that. And this being the case, since most of the work of the architect has a time frame component; this paper will discuss ways of effective time management for both the architect in practice, and all others. The paper also discusses some tips on how to save one’s time, which include proper time planning using appropriate tools, avoiding obstacles to time management, and using good time saving techniques. It is expected that the architect will become a good manager, and efficient in project execution, if he puts these rules into practice.

ARCHITECTURE AND SECURITY: ISSUES ON THE DESIGN OF PERIMETER FENCES IN RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS IN AKWAKUMA COMMUNITY, OWERRI NORTH L.G.A., IMO STATE.

¹NWABUNA NWOKEDI P., ²ODOM CHRISTOPHER U. and ³WODIKE OBINNA O

^1&2Department of Architectural Technology, Akanu-Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana Afikpo, Ebonyi State

³Department of Architectural Technology Rivers State College of Arts and Science Rumuola, Port Harcourt, Rivers State Nigeria

E-mail: patrickdeclan99@gmail.com;Obicks3d@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

There is a sense of security in almost all aspects of human life.  Human beings desire security; plants and animals desire security; even in animate objects such as commercial banks and institutional buildings need some form of security.  Live is so precious that it needs to be provided with the requisite security; but live goes along with the acquisition of different kinds of property, hence the talk about the security of lives and property.  Security is important in our individual lives if we must perform optimally in our chosen life endeavours; because security gives the individual peace of mind, it gives a nation an interrupted sense of progress and stability, it gives a commercial entity that sense of steady growth that enables it to be performing optimally and giving favourable returns on investment.  The provision of security through fence design can be of diverse forms and in the case of security through fence design , the argument has been made in this paper as the most appropriate means for the provision of fence design.  The approach adopted was the use of questionnaires and oral interview to collect data from randomly selected tenants and landlords from five streets in the Akwakuma neighborhood.  The data collected were analyzed and inferences drawn.  The paper therefore argues that in the architectural design of fences, it is a better security option to design fences with through views” than those without through-views (all blind walls).  It concludes that through proper awareness of the residents and architectural design of fences; neighbourhood, lives and properly can be better secured.

MIGRATION AND HIV/AIDS; IMPLICATIONS FOR NASARAWA STATE: A CASE STUDY OF LAFIA NASARAWA STATE NORTH CENTRAL NIGERIA 

¹OGAHA. T., ²MAGAJI. J. I, ³BABA. E, AND ⁴ADANA. M. Y.

^{1, 2,&4}Department of Geography Nasarawa State University, Keffi-Nigeria.

³Department of Geography, Taraba State University, Jalingo-Nigeria.

tankogah@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The tendency for populations to migrate urban areas back to rural places is in evidence in Nigeria, this is a situation where migration to Urban areas was for social economic motives especially employment, education, and health. This can play a significant role in redistribution and equalizing the spread of Hiv/Aids in different places and the implications might manifest rapidly and severely. By ascertaining the role of migration in equalizing the rates, it may help decision makers have clear objectives and target systems that contain the epidemic within the area. Two data sources were used to ascertain the relationship between migration and health; two hundred and thirty (230) copies of questionnaire were distributed to adult’s men and women. It was established that there is relationship between migration and health particularly those that travel without their partners. Strategies to enable more frequent contact between migrant’s men and women with their families should be encouraged in the study area.   

DETERMINATION OF QUALITY OF SANDCRETE BLOCKS USING COST ANALYSIS OF MATERIAL INPUT

 OLUSHOLA NDEFO OKIGBO AND ABU AMOS GANA

Department of Quantity Surveying

Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State Nigeria

E-mail: olusholaokigbo@gmail.com, amos.abu38@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Sandcrete blocks are the most commonly used blocks in the construction of building in Nigeria. The importance of sandcrete blocks cannot be overemphasised. Despite all the government effort to ensure good quality production of sandcrete blocks in Nigeria, many block industries are still producing blocks that are below standard. Many researches have proved this beyond reasonable doubt. In order to make this proof clearer this paper focussed on using the cost of materials input to determine the quality of the blocks produced by these block industries. In achieving this two commonly used types of blocks and mix proportions were considered. After a careful and detailed analysis it was found out that the total material cost of producing 467blocks of 150mm thick (6”) using 1:6 mix was N82,698.00 while the selling price in the market was N46,667.00. Also the cost of producing 304blocks of 225mm thick (9” size) using 1:6 mix was N82,698.00 and the selling price was N45,652.50. With this analysis the questions is how are the block industries making profit? It was concluded that, if the block industries are really producing their blocks up to the set standards, they cannot break even on the prices these blocks are being sold by the industries. It was also concluded that the blocks are not up to the standard set by standard organisation of Nigeria SON. The researcher recommended that the organisation and law enforcement agency should put more effort in monitoring the block industries so as to ensure good quality in the production of the sandcrete blocks.

ANALYSIS OF TAP WATER SUPPLY IN KEFFI LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF NIGERIA 

MAGAJI. J. I, OGAH. A. T, ADANA. M. Y and ALIYU. H. A

^1,2,3Department of Geography Nasarawa State University, Keffi-Nigeria.

⁴Department of General Studies, Federal Polytechnic Nasarawa, Nigeria

tankogah@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The need for portable drinking water in any settlement is the concern of any government which that settlement locates; hence, it is the task of that government to adopt better technology and policies towards achieving a sustainable and secured water future. Field measurements and direct observation was collected through inspection of the water supply scheme, tap to tap water use survey, inspection of distribution system. Similarly, the primary data were collected using systematic random sampling with the aid of a structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the collected data. From the result of the quantity of water supply is far below demand, water are lost through leakages and breakages due to poor connection or lining, Finally, government should call the attention of experts in construction, and maintenance of projects. The study recommends that water schemes should be funded to increase water production and on the side of the consumers, they should do more with less water, pay their bills and always notify the board whenever there is breakage or leakage of pipe.     

CHALLENGES OF POVERTY IN AN URBANIZING, IDAH KOGI STATE

JEGEDE, Joy A.

Department of Urban and Regional Planning

Federal Polytechnic Idah, Kogi State.

E-mail: joyan4life@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The alarming rate at which urban centres have grown over the past decades has had repercussions not only on the physical structure of the cities per se, but has posed daunting urban development challenges coupled with inadequate resources to manage the growth. This urbanization and its consequences thus pave way for poverty in the town (Idah). This paper is designed to examine the challenges of poverty with urbanization in Idah. Data were collected for this study using the survey research method. The result of the study revealed that the prevailing poverty in the area is due to natural and man-made factors. Amongst the recommendations made from this study is that the poverty rate can be checked through the re- orientation of the people towards entrepreneurial development.

CLIMATE CHANGE AND THE INCREASING RISK OF FLOODING IN THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT 

Ferdinand O. Daminabo and Anthony D. Enwin

Department of Architecture Rivers State

University of Science and Technology Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

E-mail: ferdydaminabo@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The United Nations Intergovernmental panel on Climate Change (IPCC) early this year warned on the effects of Climate Change being severe globally. There are potent and new evidences emerging from the scientific world strengthening the argument on climate change, the impact of which is likely to be erratic and very harsh. The hydrological systems in many countries and regions of the globe are going to be severely affected, just as variations in precipitation or melting ice will impact on water resources and its quality. This paper considers the potential risks of flooding in urban centres and the extended implications on rural communities and especially in the Niger Delta region. With most of the Niger Delta exposed to the coasts, the issue of submergence, coastal flooding, and coastal erosion comes to the fore because Coastal systems are significantly sensitive to changes in sea level and ocean surge. The Urban areas and its built assets will be exposed to massive urban or coastal flooding and its large populations displaced due to land loss to rising sea levels and storm surges. With Port Harcourt in sharp focus, this paper will examine the current disposition of flooding within the urbanscape, the possible causes and also look at what mitigation factors will be necessary to address the situation. With the IPCC report warning of grave danger to entire ecosystems and the built environment due to climate change, and consequent altering of hydrological systems, this paper will also consider how the fencing of properties have exacerbated flooding of properties, roads, drainages and water courses within the urban centre and remote locations in the face of anticipated extreme precipitation expected to cause both inland and coastal flooding as rivers and tributaries swell. This is based on the premise that most urban centres hold large populations and huge economic and other physical assets and this gives credence and justifies the need for this research to isolate the possible risks and proffer mediatory routes to the emerging and intractable problem.

AN ASSESSMENT OF TRADITIONAL LAND USE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG FIVE COMMUNITIES IN DOHO DISTRICT OF KWAMI, GOMBE – NIGERIA

¹ADAMU, S. J. ,²SULAIMAN, M., AND ³MAHMOUD, A. B.

^1&2 Department of Geography, Gombe State University, Tudunwada, Gombe State, Nigeria.

³Department of Biological Sciences, Gombe State University, Tudunwada, Gombe State, Nigeria.

E-mail: sanidaddy@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Assessment of traditional land-use management practices was conducted around Kwami local government, Gombe-Nigeria. A well structural questionnaire were administered randomly in five selected villages from Doho district (Alagarno, Bentere Bokki, Jauro Yaya, Jauro Alaji and Wuro Tanni) from the findings it was revealed that majority of the respondents are male and are married with low educational background i.e secondary school, and the main system of farming is mixed farming system, organic manure is the main source of their fertilizer and they are using local hand tools for must of the farming activities. Poverty, land tenure system, water erosion and leaching are the major problems affecting land-use in the study area. It was therefore recommended that Government should try and provide those communities with extension education to enable them to improve their traditional land-use management practices.