CORRELATION ANALYSIS OF SOME GROWTH, YIELD AND PROTEIN COMPONENTS OF PIGEON PEA [CAJANUS CAJAN(L.)MILLSP.] TREATED WITH SODIUM AZIDE AND GAMMA RADIATION

 Mathew, B. A.¹,Gadzama, B. I.², Akor, J. A.³, Abuh, S. J.⁴,Haruna, G. G.⁵, Nelson, T. O.⁶

^1&3Department of Integrated Science, Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa, Nigeria

 ⁴Department of Biology, Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa, Nigeria

⁵Department of Mathematics, Kogi State College of Education, Ankpa, Nigeria

²Department of Integrated Science, Federal College of Edu. (T) Potiskum, Yobe State, Nigeria

⁶Chemistry Department, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

E-mail: matthewaledare44@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between seed yield and some quantitative traits. This was performed by exposing the seeds of landraces pigeon pea to gamma radiation at Centre for Radiotherapy and Oncology Department, ABUTH, Zaria at doses of 0(control), 50, 100, 150 and 200Gy. These seeds were further treated with sodium azide (NaN₃) concentrations at 0.00, 0.01, 0.02, 0.03 and 0.04% SA, giving a total of 25 treatments. The growth parameters were recorded at 4, 8, 12, 16 and 20 Weeks after Planting (WAP). A positive correlation was observed between seed yield and many other quantitative traits like number of pods per plants, mean number of seeds per pod, and protein content.

ANTIBACTERIAL AND IDENTIFICATION OF COMPOUNDS IN THE LEAVES EXTRACTS OF BRIDELIA FERRUGINEA

¹Abubakar, L., ²John, M., ¹Muhammad, M.U., ¹Muhammad, S and ¹Adamu, S.M.

¹Department of Chemistry, Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto.

²Sokoto State Teachers Service Board, Sokoto

E-mail: Lawaligada@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Bridelia ferruginea is extensively used in Nigeria traditional and folk one medicines to cure various human ailments. The preliminary phytochemical screening of the plant parts revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, flavonoids and alkaloids. The in vitro antibacterial studies were carried out on both crude extracts and fractions obtained after column chromatography and medically important bacterial strain including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Micrococcus species and Pseudomonas aeruginosa for different concentration of extracts 30mg/ml, 60mg/ml, 90mg/ml, and 120mg/ml. The results of antibacterial assay revealed that both crude extracts and fractions showed good inhibitory activity against all the tested bacteria compared with standard antibiotics. The active fractions gave four spots on the Thin Layer Chromatogram. The UV spectroscopy indicated the presence of open chain diene, ά and β unsaturated aldehyde and also aromatic ring. The IR indicated the presence of different functional groups such as C-N, O-H, N-H and C-H. The GC-MS analysis indicated the presence of Psilocybine and Tolazimide. The detection of other phytochemicals metabolites coupled with antibacterial activities of the plant calls for further work on the plant and its active compound towards development of new drugs for the benefit of humanity.

EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF MORINGA OLEIFERA SEED ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN ALLOXAN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

¹Luka, C.D. and ²Rafiu, A. A

¹ Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria

² Foods Limited, 42, Yakubu Gowon Way, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.

E-mail: carrll42@yahoo.com 

ABSTRACT

The objective of this research work is to investigate some biochemical parameters in the serum of normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with Moringa oleifera seeds aqueous extract. Alloxan-induced diabetic rats (150mg/kg) were administered orally with Moringa oleifera seed aqueous extract (200 mg/kg) for twenty eight days after which some biochemical parameters in the serum was measured and compared with the control. The results showed that the level of urea, creatinine, uric acid, PO₄^3-, enzymes markers (ALT, AST, ALP) of the diabetic group were significantly (p<0.05) high when compared with the control and extract treated groups while significant (p<0.05) reduction were observed in the serum level of Ca2+ and Mg2+ of the diabetic untreated group when compared to both extract treated and control group. The administration of aqueous seed extract of Moringa oleifera to the diabetic rats showed significant (P<0.05) reduction in the level of urea, creatinine, uric acid, PO43-, enzymes markers (ALT, AST, ALP) and a significant (P<0.05) increase in the level of Ca2+ and Mg2+. Therefore, It can be concluded that administration of aqueous seed extract of Moringa oleifera to diabetic rats ameliorate the adverse effects of diabetes complications.

PRODUCTION AND QUALITY EVALUATION OF WHEAT COOKIES ENRICHED WITH EDIBLE AFRICAN TERMITES (Macrotermes nigeriensis)

¹Ojinnaka, M.C., ²Ukah, N., and ²Okorie, S.U.

¹Department of Food Science and Technology, Michael Okpara Univ. of Agriculture, Umudike

²Department of Food Science & Technology, Imo State University, Owerri

E-mail: mcojinnaka@yahoo.co.uk

ABSTRACT

Edible African termite (Macrotermes nigeriensis) was used in paste form for the production of wheat cookies. The wheat cookies enriched with M. nigeriensis were evaluated for proximate composition, anti-nutrients and mineral analysis as well as organoleptic attributes. The wheat-termite cookies showed no significant difference in the moisture and ash content values while significant difference existed in the samples in their protein, fat and carbohydrate compositions. The protein and fat contents were in the range of 9.05 – 15.69% and 9.14 – 12.7% respectively. The result of the nutrient analysis showed that most of the values increased as the level of inclusion of the edible termite increased. However it was not the same for the organoleptic properties of the wheat cookies enriched with edible African termite, Macrotermes nigeriensis. As the level of addition of Macrotermes nigeriensis paste increased, the rate of acceptability of the wheat cookies reduced, making samples AZ (100% wheat flour) and AQ (5% edible African termite; 95% wheat flour) to be the most acceptable by the members of the panel. The result of the antinutrients determined had low values and are within the acceptable level for consumption.

EFFECT OF BOILING AND REFLUXING ON THE EXTRACTION OF LEAD IN STREET DUST

Nwabenu Mary Okiremute

Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science

University of Ibadan

E-mail: nwabenumary4@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The lead concentration in street dust along Pako-Bariga road of Lagos was determined, The Wet oxidation method were used. The methods involved studying the effect of using different glasswares on the determination of lead. Also, the effect of using different types of acids and mixture of acids on the determination of lead at different length of time was studied. The result showed that the lead concentration in this area ranged from 312.5µg/g to 387.5g/g; the kjeldahl flask was better than all other methods tried and the effect of using different types of acid and mixtures of acid showed that aqua regia was the best mixture of acids to use for the extraction of lead from street dust. It was observed that the length of time for digestion of samples did not show any significant differences when longer lengths of time were used for digestion.

ANTI-DIABETIC ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS SEED EXTRACT OF (MORINGA OLEIFERA) IN NORMAL AND ALLOXAN -INDUCED DIABETIC RATS

¹Rafiu, A. A. and ²Luka, C.D.

¹Department of Quality, Nasco Foods limited, Jos

²Department of Biochemistry, University of Jos, Plateau, Nigeria

E-mail: carrll42@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The present study was carried out to investigate the anti-diabetic activity of aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera seed in both normal and alloxan induced diabetic rats. Alloxan-induced diabetic rats (150mg/kg) were administered orally with Moringa oleifera seed aqueous extract (200 mg/kg) for twenty eight days after which the blood glucose, lipid profile, haematological parameters, protein and albumin in the serum were measured and compared with the control. There was a significant (p<0.05) increase in the level of blood glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, triglyceride, eosinophil and a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the level of PCV, Hb, WBC, PLT, NEUT, protein, albumin and body weight. Oral administration of aqueous extract of M. oleifera at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight for 28 days to diabetic rats resulted in significant (p<0.05) reduction in blood glucose, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein and triglyceride and significant (p<0.05) increase in body weight, high density lipoprotein, protein and albumin. These results suggested that the aqueous seed extract of M. oleifera possesses anti-hyperglycaemic, anti-hyperlipideamic activity and also improved the aberrations in the blood parameters of alloxan-induced diabetic rat.