PHYTOCHEMISTRY, ACUTE TOXICITY AND INVITRO ANTITRYPANOSOMAL STUDIES ON AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF GOSSYPIUM HERBACEUM (LINN) LEAF

1Biu, A.A., 2Buratai, L. B., 3Lawal, J.R., 3Yakaka, W. 1Zango, M.K., 4Mustapha, F.B. and 2Ali, B.J.

1Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria

2 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria.

3Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria

4Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri

E-mailbiuvet@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The phytochemical components, median lethal dose (LD50) in albino rats and In vitro efficacy of aqueous extract of Gossypium herbaceum leaf onTrypanosoma brucei was investigated in this study. Tannins had a high score in the extract, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and reducing sugars indicated moderate scores, while glycosides and phlabotannins showed low scores. The calculated medium lethal dose (LD50) in albino rats was 500mg/kg body weight, with early clinical signs of sluggishness, awkward posture, loss of appetite, starry hair coat and terminal death within 24 hours. All clinical signs were dose dependent. In vitro efficacy of Gossypium herbaceum leaf aqueous extract had a positive correlation with the extract dose, but negatively correlated with the time of exposure, showing a 100% inhibition of trypanosomes at the concentration of 5.0mg/kg. In conclusion Gossypium herbaceum leaf aqueous extract could be described to have bioactive components, moderately toxic and could inhibit trypanosomes In vitro.


Table of Contents

A Descriptive Analysis

Okonkwo Ejike A.,Eze Adaobi C. and Chigbo Chinwe M.                                                       1 – 11

The Role of Government and Financial Institutions in Small and Medium

Scale Enterprises in Nigeria

Babalola Adesola O., Ayodele, O. Churchill and Usman, Baba U.                                           12 – 18

Impact of Economic and Financial Crimes on the Nigerian Economy: An

Assessment of Money Laundering

Egbelade Mathew O. and Stephen S. Ojo                                                                                 19 – 25

Sales Force Automation (Information Technology) Performance and

Organisational Profitability

Egberi Agbarha Kelvin and Edith O. Egberi                                                                             26 – 34

Fraudulent Practices: The Bane of Nigeria Banking Sector

Mathew Olanrewaju Egbelade,Kumanjock Samuel Nuhu and Gimba Felix Maiangwa          35 – 42

Entrepreneurship Education and Vocational Development as Panacea to

Insecurity in Nigeria

Sharafadeen Iyanda Ganiyu                                                                                                  43 – 55

Factors affecting the Choice of Prevailing Income Measuring Concepts

among Manufacturing Companies

Ademola Emmanuel Akinyele, Aladelusi Kekinde Banjo and Taiwo Akeem Ayinde               56 – 67

Bank Consolidation and Bank Performance in Nigeria: A Review of Current

Literatures

Hauwa Daniyan Bagudu and SaiduSuleiman                                                                         68 – 75

The Impact of Microfinance Banks on the Development of Small Businesses

in Bida Metropolis, Niger State, Nigeria

Ibrahim Abubakar Mikugi and Salihu Dere Ibrahim                                                                76 – 93


Bank Consolidation and Bank Performance in Nigeria: A Review of Current Literatures

HAUWA DANIYAN BAGUDU AND SAIDUSULEIMAN

Department of Banking and Finance

Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State

E-mail: hauwadaniya@yahoo.com; suleimanbankin@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This study reviewed various, but few recent literatures on bank consolidation in Nigeria. The data set for this paper is made up of pre and post consolidation literatures. They were all secondary data from various recent journals and textbooks. The review indicated that bank consolidation affected bank performance positively in Nigeria. Nevertheless, it  was concluded that bank consolidation could be the lasting solution to the problem of bank distress in Nigeria, and that banks should sustain a good credit policies, efficient internal control and fraud management system they are currently promoting and was also recommended among other things that the CBN should tighten its role as a watchdog for Nigerian financial as well as banking industries and make it clear that none of the twenty-five surviving banks is “too big to fail”.


Factors affecting the Choice of Prevailing Income Measuring Concepts among Manufacturing Companies

1ADEMOLA EMMANUEL AKINYELE, 2ALADELUSI KEHINDE BANJO AND 3TAIWO AKEEM AYINDE

1Department of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic Ilaro, Ogun State

2Department of Banking and Finance, Federal Polytechnic Ilaro, Ogun State

3Department of Business Administration, Federal Polytechnic Ilaro, Ogun State

E-mail: demoladelord2003@yahoo.com ; Taiwoakeem2002@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The significant of income to any business entity cannot be overemphasized. Income is the residue that is available for distribution to the shareholders which ensures the maintenance of the capital (Glautier A, 2011,). Income is a basic and important item of financial statement that has various uses in various contexts. It is generally perceived as a basis for taxation and redistribution of wealth, a determination of dividend payment policies and investment and decision making guide and element of prediction (Riahi-Belkaoui 2002).The choice of income measurement concepts which has a direct bearing on the operating performance reporting of an organisation is informed by some factors which this paper sought out to examined. To achieve the objective of this study, opinion of selected staff of Fidson Nigeria Plc and Nestle Nigeria Plc Lagos State were sought through the use of questionnaire and besides relevant theories and concepts were reviewed The questionnaire were analysed with the use of SPSS 17 .The evidence shows that the choice of accounting concepts as the  prevailing income measurement concept is premised on historical cost accounting given its unconditional and long standing acceptance of this version of income by the accounting profession and the business world. The paper finally recommends that the use of other income measurement such as the economic view should be preferred due to some militating factors against the use of accounting income which is historical in nature.


Entrepreneurship Education and Vocational Development as Panacea to Insecurity in Nigeria

SHARAFADEEN IYANDA GANIYU

Department of Business Education

Federal College of Education, Yola

E-mail: iyandaadeen@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Now that insecurity has reached the level of an epidemic that threatens the existence of Nigeria as a nation, there have been several calls and approaches to check the menace. One of such approaches is entrepreneurship and vocational development to engage the teeming youths who are prone to these evils and social ills in a bid to make them not only independent but also employers of labour. This paper therefore discussed the concepts of entrepreneurship education and vocational development, their importance in combating insecurity in the land, causes and effects of insecurity on Nigeria and Nigerians. It came into conclusion that the entrepreneurship education and vocational development approach is not only durable and cost effective; it tackles the roots of insecurity and not just the symptoms. Recommendations were made toward promoting entrepreneurship education and vocational development as a great alternative route out of the insecurity quagmire in the country.


Fraudulent Practices: The Bane of Nigeria Banking Sector

1MATTHEW OLANREWAJU EGBELADE, 2KUMANJOCK SAMUEL NUHU AND 3GIMBA FELIX MAIANGWA

1&2Department of Accountancy School of Administration and Business Studies, Nasarawa State Polytechnic Lafia, Nasarawa State

3Department of Business Administration School of Administration and Business Studies, Nasarawa State Polytechnic Lafia, Nasarawa State

E-mail: Kumanjock@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Fraudulent practices globally are a disease that its effects can shake a well planned, growing or developed economy to its foundation if an urgent attention and a proactive action is not taken immediately. This paper is aim at determining the parties that bears the burden of fraudulent practices committed by banks within the Nigerian economy. Primary and secondary data were used in analyzing the various forms of effect of fraudulent practices in Nigeria banks system. The paper concludes by saying that the staff of banks in conjunction with outsider to perpetrate fraud in banks. However, the shareholders and depositors suffer great loss as a result of these fraudulent practices in banks. The paper recommends that supervisory and regulatory bodies should perform their work without fear or favor and professional bankers should be allowed to perform in the field of specialization, while an effective and efficient internal control system is installed.


Sales Force Automation (Information Technology) Performance and Organisational Profitability

1EGBERI AGBARHA KELVIN AND 2EDITH O. EGBERI

1Department of Business Administration and Management, Delta State Polytechnics, Ozoro

2Department of Accounting Delta State Polytechnics, Ozoro

E-mail: Kelvinegberi76@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the impact of sales force Automation (information technology) on the organization efficiency and performance. The study is a survey research design with a sample size of 135 employees randomly selected from Friesland  Nig. Plc. (maker of peak milk) and promasidor Nig. Plc (Makers of cowbell, Loyal, Milksi Milk) in Nigeria i.e. 65 employees of promasidor Nig. Plc and 70 employees of Friesland Nig. Plc. An instrument titled sales force  Automation (information technology) towards  the performance of employees; five hypothesis and one research question was formulated to guide the study. Descriptive Statistics (Pearson correlation) was used to analyze the research question why Pearson correlation was used to test the significance difference relation to the hypothesis at 0.05 level of significant. The result of the analysis shows among others that the sales force organization profitably has been increased as a result of the adoption of new and emerging automation  (Technology) that if employee aptitude level is high, the will perform better, that automation (Information Technology) cause higher satisfaction level of employees. In conclusion, the exploratory study suggest for the positive relationship between information technology and sales performance.


Impact of Economic and Financial Crimes on the Nigerian Economy: An Assessment of Money Laundering

1EGBELADE MATHEW O. AND 2STEPHEN S. OJO

1Department of Accountancy Nasarawa State Polytechnic, Lafia

2Department of Social Development, Nasaraa State Polytechnic, Lafia

E-mail: steve234_1@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Economic and financial crimes represent a dangerous form of criminal behavior that affects not only individual member of a society but also having deleterious effects on the nation economy. These are non-violent criminal practices which are tantamount to sabotage of the national economy. This is because of the impacts of these offences on the social wellbeing and economic foundation of any nation. This paper examines the general consequences of economic and financial crimes especially money laundering on the economy of Nigeria. The study finds that the common characteristic of the effects of economic and financial crimes in Nigeria is its tendency to undermine national economy which in turn often results in decelerated improvement in the quality of life of citizens. Thus finding represents a major problem Nigeria is presently grappling with as a result of the prevalence of economic and financial crimes. The paper concludes by recommending a strong legal regime coupled with political will to combat the menace and minimize its devastating consequences.


The Role of Government and Financial Institutions in Small and Medium Scale Enterprises in Nigeria

BABALOLA ADESOLA O., AYODELE, O. CHURCHILL AND USMAN, BABA U.

Department of Business Administration & Management, The Federal Polytechnic, Bida

E-mail: dessybjay@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Small and Medium Scale Enterprises constitute essential ingredients in the lubrication and development of any economy. In Nigeria, the story makes no remarkable difference as Small and Medium Scale Enterprises dominate the economy. Government over the years has formulated a number of policies aimed at developing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises. While most policies actually failed due to poor implementation, others however, succeeded. It is therefore the thrust of this paper to identify the role of government and other financial institutions particularly micro finance institutions in the development of small and medium scale enterprises in Nigeria. Relevant literatures were reviewed to bring out salient issues on the subject matter of this paper. The chief source of information for this write up is secondary method of data collection. It concludes that financial institutions provide the necessary financial lubricants that facilitate the development of Small and Medium Scale Enterprises, but, a lot still need to be done by the government in terms of policy formulation in order to complement the efforts of financial institutions. This paper recommends among others, further establishment of micro finance institutions to serve the grass root financial needs, sensitization of the general public on how to access funds for SMEs development, public private partnership should also be encouraged, the financial muscle of the financial institutions must be geared up to meet the financial need of SME5 in their respective locality.


Social Support for Working Mothers Experiencing Work-Family Conflict: A Descriptive Analysis

 1OKONKWO EJIKE A., 2EZE ADAOBI C. AND 3CHIGBO CHINWE M.

1Department of Psychology, Faculty of the Social Sciences, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu

2Department of Sociology/Psychology/Religion, Godfrey Okoye University, Enugu

3School of Postgraduate Studies, Enugu State University of Science and Technology, Enugu

E-mail: aejyke@yahoo.com,adazlas@yahoo.com,chinwechigbo@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

In Enugu, South-eastern Nigeria as in most parts of the sub-Saharan Africa, the traditional gender-role socialization ceaselessly saddles mothers with greater percentage of family responsibilities such as domestic chores despite their inroads into paid employment leaving them at a cross road between work and family demands. Combination of these dual roles results in work-family conflict, hence the need to give this segment of women who combine work and family responsibilities social support. Thus, this study relying on descriptive data explored the significance and percentage of social support given to these women by their spouses, children, siblings, mothers, relatives and house helps. The study comprised a cross-sectional survey of 581working mothers (304 secondary school teachers, 81bankers, 118 nurses and 78 other health workers such as medical doctors, pharmacists and laboratory scientists) between 26 and 59 years and mean age of 37.27 drawn from 24 state government secondary schools, 3 Fidelity Bank branches, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital and National Orthopedic Hospital within Enugu State in the South-eastern part of Nigeria using Multi-stage sampling. Chi-Square as a statistical test revealed a significant social support for these mothers, X2(5) = 135.94, p <. 01with the highest percentage of social support from house helps (29.91%), followed by spouses (23.52%), children (19.63%), relatives (16.89%), siblings (7.76%) and the least social support from mothers of these working mothers (2.28%). These findings have demonstrated the importance of the unrecognized contributions of house helps to Nigerian workforce, and implications of spouses, children and other relatives´ social support for resolving work-family conflict among working mothers.


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