ANTIBIOGRAM OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES ASSOCIATED REPRODUCTIVE ABNORMALITIES IN SHEEP IN GWAGWALADA–FCT, NIGERIA
*Olabode, H O.K 1; Mailafia, S1; Adah, B.M.J1; Nyambee, P2. and Bello. R.H.3
1Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Abuja, Nigeria
2Federal College of Veterinary and Medical Laboratory Technology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom
3Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Programme, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi
E-mail:olabodeok@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
A survey of bacterial isolates associated with reproductive anomalies was conducted in slaughtered ewes in Gwagwalada abattoir in order to establish infection occurrence and design adequate antibiotic intervention strategy. A multistage convenient random sampling was employed over a three months study period (March – May, 2011). Out of one hundred and nine (109) ewes examined during meat inspection forty-one (41) showed various forms of reproductive defeats. Collected swab cultures indicated twenty-two (22) had microbial growths which on identification and biochemical characterization revealed Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeroginosa. Antibiotic sensitivity testing using standard disc diffusion technique against Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Erythromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin and Tetracycline showed that Ciproflaxin, Erythromycin and Gentamycin were the most sensitive while the isolates were resistant to Tetracycline. Amoxicillin and Ampicillin showed variable intermediate effects on the isolate. The overall susceptibility showed 68.2% isolates were sensitive and 31.8 % resistance to the antibiotics, which was statistical significance analysis (P<0.05) by chi square analysis. The age and breed of ewe also showed significant association with the occurrence of reproductive disorders, as yankasa breed (70.7%) within the age 13-36 months were most commonly affected. In conclusion, this study provides preliminary information on the bacterial agents associated with reproductive disorders in ewes with corresponding susceptibility pattern. In addition, Nutrient agar is a potential substitute to Mueller Hinton agar. It is suggested that routine bacteriological examination and antibiotic susceptibility testing, in conjunction with mycological investigation is necessary in order to guide against misuse of unwarranted drugs.
Key words: Antibiogram, bacterial isolates, reproductive abnormalities, ewe, Gwagwalada, Nigeria