Isolation and characterization of active fraction of pergularia tomentosa against dermatophyte

¹Arzika, A.T., ¹Adili, A.T., ¹Abubakar, L., ¹Bagna, E.A. and ¹Mohammed, S.

¹Department of Chemistry

Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto State, Nigeria

E-mail: arzikatambuwal1982@gmail.com,

Abstract

Pergularia tomentosa is reported to have antifungal (Hassan et el., 2007), anti-bacterial, (Dangoggoet el., 2002) and anti-dermatophyte activity (Gill, 1992). This work was aimed at isolating the most active fraction against some dermatophyte isolate, phytochemical screening of crude, n-hexane, chloroform and ethanol extracts indicate the presence of alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, glycoside, saponin, and phenols in all fractions but volatile oils are absent. The main work was to isolate the active fraction, So, fractionation of was done by suspending 100g of the dried plant sample in 500ml n-hexane, chloroform and then ethanol. The minimum percentage inhibition of the three fractions (n-hexane, chloroform and ethanol) were assayed by Agar well dilution method, which shows that, chloroform fraction ha highest percentage inhibition of 58.15, and 55.42% against malassezia and Trichoptyton than n-hexane 7.40 and 15.11% and ethanol extract 20.32 and 25.13%respectively. The chloroform extract was then fractioned using column chromatography, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate and ethanol were used as eluent, and five fractions was obtained. All the column chromatographic fractions were also tested for its antidermatophytic activity using the same method above, dichloromethane fraction shows highest percentage inhibition against the dermatophyte (malassezia and Trichoptyton) with the percentage inhibition 82.22 and 92.32% respectively than other five fractions of ethyl acetate: (12.22 and 34.36), (20.56 and 30.13) and ethanol fractions (17.78% and 27.03%), and (10.00%and 19.22%) respectively. The dichloromethane fraction were then subjected to: physical examination(color, physical state, TLC analysis and melting point examination), and spectroscopic techniques (IR, GC- MS) were utilized.

Keywords: Isolate, Chloroform,n-hexane, Malassezia, Trichoptyton