EFFICACY OF TRADITIONAL HERBS AS AN ALTERNATIVE TOANTIBIOTICS USED IN AQUACULTURE

¹Akinyemi, A.A. and ²Ajagbe, S.O.

¹Aquaculture and Fisheries Management Department, Federal University of Agriculture, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria

²Agricultural Technology Department, Federal College of Forestry, FRIN, Ibadan, Nigeria.

E-mail: adeoluakinyemi@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Diseases in aquaculture are hardly avoided like every other branch of agriculture. Therefore, many attempts have been made toward finding solution to this problem especially bacterial disease in aquaculture. The use of antibiotics is common to treat bacterial diseases with satisfactory results, until recent time when it was discovered that the continuous use of antimicrobial agents in aquaculture has resulted in more resistant bacterial strains. This problem had shifted the focus of researchers and farmers to the use of herbs to treat and control bacterial diseases in aquaculture. The herbs are cheap, available in large quantity around us and they pose no danger to the fish, the environment and the consumers. This work therefore, identified some useful herbs that have antibacterial activities and classified them into exotic and indigenous for easy use of local fish farmers in Nigeria.

ACARICIDAL ACTIVITY OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF Cassia sieberiana DC (Caesalpiniaceae) on Hyalomma KOCH, 1844 (Acari: Ixodidae) LARVAE

¹Biu, A.A., ²Abdulkadir, M.A., ¹Konto, M., ¹Mohammed, A., ¹Fadimatu, M. and ²Emmanuel, S.

¹Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri Nigeria

²Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria

E-mail:  biuvet@yahoo.com

Abstract: This study was conducted to assess the acaricidal activity of aqueous extract of Cassia sieberiana stem bark on Hyalomma larvae using the immersion technique. The larvae of Hyalomma species were exposed to extract concentration levels of 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25% for a duration of 1 hour and mortality recorded as mean ± standard deviation and percentile of 4 replicates post immersion. The mean ± SD of larval mortality ranged between 11.1±4.5 and 17.1±1.5 for 5 and 25% concentrations respectively compared with 1.8±1.4 and 00 for distilled water and normal controls respectively (p < 0.05). The mean ± SD mortality rates ranged between 55.6±23.2 and 85.6±7.3 for 5 and 25% concentrations respectively compared with 8.8±6.9 and 00 for distilled water and normal controls respectively (p < 0.05). In conclusion, this study has indicated a positive correlation between extract concentration and larval mortality.

INCIDENCE OF ABANDONED LANDED PROPERTIES IN OGBOMOSO AND OSOGBO: A SPATIAL PERSPECTIVE

Akindele, O.A. 

Department of Urban and Regional Planning

 Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.

E-mail: remiakinakindele@yahoo.com

Abstract: The study appraises the incidence of landed property abandonment in Ogbomoso and Osogbo. Eight Urban blocks (10% of each) were sampled as representatives; each from three (3) different residential densities i.e. high, medium and low residential densities. From the blocks, actual enumeration of the abandoned landed properties was done. Density of abandoned landed properties was determined. The spatial analysis is obtained by running the nearest neighbour analysis for the abandoned buildings and vacant land for the cities in their respective densities. The comparison of the incidence of abandonment between both cities was done with Student’s T-test. The study observed a high incidence of landed property abandonment, which was found to be more at the medium density of the residential areas. The study thus recommends a sustainable way of combating landed property abandonment.

ESTIMATION OF GRID CONNECTED SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC

POTENTIAL OF MUBI

¹Daniel A. Aremu and ^2*Ibrahim, U.H.

^1&2Department of Mechanical Engineering

Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria.

E-mail: heldabuk@yahoo.com

Abstract: The epileptic and constantly interrupted power supply in Nigeria is an indication that all is not well with the power sector. The workability of the current reform in the power sector largely depends on how well the solar photovoltaic technology is integrated into the power sector which is in consonance with global energy transition. Therefore, the need to support the existing unreliable power sector with a sustainable source of power is paramount. This paper is therefore an attempt to use the abundant sunshine Nigeria is blessed with to estimate the grid connected solar photovoltaic potential of Mubi based on the incident solar radiation on 100 m² area. The study reveals that a solar photovoltaic plant capacity of 89kW can be accommodated on 100 m² chosen area. The output voltage and current of this solar photovoltaic structure are 912 volts dc and 65 A dc. These outputs can be fed into the grid via 3-phase inverter and 3-phase transformer. The integration of the grid connected solar photovoltaic system into the national grid will not only enhance the accessibility, reliability and sustainability of power supply but, will ensure the accomplishment of the government transformation agenda on power whose target is to achieve a generation capacity of 10,000MW  by 2020.

BATHYMETRIC SURVEY FOR THE DREDGING OF SAN BARTHOLOMEW RIVER IN AKUKUTORU LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

K.U. Orisakwe¹, Aliyu A.² and Sarkinzango I.³

^1,2&3Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics

Modibbo Adama University of Technology Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

E-mail: aminu.aliyu48@yahoo.com

Abstract:

Data acquisitions started by using the designed map obtained from Shell Petroleum Development Company (SPDC). Controls used along the pipeline right-of-way were established and confirmed using the Leica 406 Total Station and Leica NA42 Automatic Level instruments. Traversing and Profile levelling were done also along the existing pipeline route. Data processing and analysis were carried out via the AutoCAD 2007 and Hypack Survey Navigation Software. Levelling data was reduced to Nembe Lowest Low Water Level (NLLWL) and elevation below NLLWL was obtained and plotted in AutoCAD 2007. Trimble SPS 361 Global Positioning System (GPS) receiver was interfaced with SyQuest Bathy 500 multi-frequency Echo Sounder and used for the pre and post bathymetric survey. The Hypack Navigation Survey Software was used to process the bathymetric data. As a result dredged quantities volume was obtained as 367165 cubic metres (m³) together with the profile of river bed and depth of dredging. The process of online dredging system using the GPS and the Dredge Pack Presentation System (DTPS) software was used to guide the suction dredger system.

FARMERS PERCEPTION AND MANAGEMENT OF GRAIN LEGUMES STORAGE INSECT PESTS IN MAIDUGURI, NORTH-EASTERN NIGERIA

²Degri, M.M, ¹Mshelia, J.S and ²Amina S.S

¹Department of Agronomy, Federal University Kashare, Gombe State, Nigeria

²Department of Crop Protection, University of Maiduguri, Borno State, Nigeria

E-mail: mikedegri@gmail.com, michaelmd4peace@hotmail.com

Abstract: A survey research was carried out in Maiduguri Metropolis between January – April, 2011 to assess farmers’ perception and management of grain Legume storage insect pests. The survey used open–ended structured questionnaires and oral interview to obtain this information from the farmers. The results showed that the most important grain legumes grown in Maiduguri include cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.)Walp) groundnut (Arachis hypogeal L.) and Bambara groundnut (Vigna subterranean L. Verdcourt) and that the common grain legumes insect pests that infest cowpea and groundnut in Maiduguri were cowpea weevil Callosobruchus maculatus and groundnut borer Caryedon serratus. These farmers used mostly bags, sacks, Rhumbus, jerry canes and drums for storing their legumes. The result also showed that the farmers used botanical products like chilli pepper powder, wood ash, Bitter leaf powder, bitter melon powder and neem seed oil for storing their grain legumes and synthetic insecticides like Actellic dust, Aluminium phosphide (phostoxin) and Atellic EC for controlling stored grain legume insect pests. The survey result indicated that these botanical products and synthetic insecticides were effective against the grain legumes insect pests for storage period. Farmers are recommended to use good storage facilities, practice good sanitary measure in their store to reduce losses and to handle both the botanical and synthetic protectants with care to avoid poisoning.