Determination of Spot Heights of the University of Lagos Campus Omogunloye O.G.

Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics,
University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria.
E-mail: gabolushohan@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

To obtain the relief of a particular geographical area, the horizontal and vertical coordinates of the area are required. These coordinates can be obtained through various surveying techniques. This project deals with the determination of Spot Heights of the University of Lagos Campus, using Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS). The knowledge of the topography of an area gives planners and engineers the panacea to properly manage and develop old and new man made feature. The need of this project is to produce map of University of Lagos showing the relief pattern of the entire campus and also to show or identify areas of minimum
and maximum elevations within the campus vicinity. In order to accomplish the aim of this study, the use of both field observation and remote sensing methods were adopted to acquire data. The measurements of horizontal and vertical coordinates of all stations using Promark 3 Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) equipment was combined with satellite imagery
which was used to create spot heights, contour map, digital terrain model and topographic map of the entire campus. The data obtained are processed using the following software ArcGIS, Surfer 8, Global Mapper, GNSS Solutions and Excel Spreadsheet. The data processed and the results of analysis done can be seen in form of maps, Digital Terrain Model, tables, bar charts and pie charts. The results obtained can be used for both engineering and tourism purposes, cut and fill calculation, development of new structures and identifications of areas that are liable to flooding.

Incessant Collapse of Building A Big Challenge to the Professional Women Builders

L.A. Kawu
Department of Building
Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi State

ABSTACT

This paper examines the causes of building collapse, roles of built
environment professionals in the lack of code enforcement saga. The option open or left to the professional women builders to step ahead of male colleagues in a male domain industry by spicing up their professional roles (as dictated by the code) with all their feminine attributes/natural endowments to fight this menace building collapse to a logical conclusion.
The paper concluded that, professional women builders could/can fasten the code enforcement process through fostering unity amongst all the women in the sister professions and also help curb building collapse through communication, coordination, collaboration, professional roles specialization and transformation of Nigerian Building Construction Industry as well as sustainability of our built environment.

UNDERSTANDING ERRORS AND THEIR MEASUREMENT IN GEOINFORMATION

1Ndehedehe, C., 2Ekpa, A., 3Okwuashi, O. and 4Ogunlade, S.
1, 2 & 3Department of Geoinformatics & Surveying,
University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria
4Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics,
Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

Managing error in GIS datasets is now recognized as a substantial
problem that needs to be addressed in the design and use of such
systems. Failure to control and manage error can limit severely or
invalidate the results of a GIS analysis. The various sources of errors that may affect the quality of a GIS dataset have been highlighted in this paper. One major approach in managing error in a GIS datasets is documenting procedures, products and producing data quality reports. Another is setting of standards and procedures for product.

ASSESSMENT OF NOISE POLLUTION LEVEL IN TRANS-AMADI INDUSTRIAL LAY-OUT IN PORT HARCOURT RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

1Digha, O.N. and 2Tabe, A.E.
1&2Department of Geography and Environmental Science,
University of Calabar, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
E-mail: dighaopaminola@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The study seeks to assess noise pollution level in Trans-Amadi Industrial Layout in Port-Harcourt Rivers State Nigeria. Port-Harcourt is an industrialized metropolitan city with over 6.5million population. The methodology was basically instrumentation and maletical. The instruments used for the study were GPS, and a BK precision digital sound level meter (IE C6.5/type II) model. The instrument was set on the weighting and slow response at an interval of five (5) minutes per reading. The noise meter
microphone was held facing the source of the noise at a highest of 1.2 meter. The findings of the study indicates that all sampled located had noise above the cunbiant limit. Rivoc Road locations 1 has an average noise level of 77.2dB, Mother Cat Odokwuku is 78dB, Ordinace road is 70dB, Danjuma drive 81dB, Eastern by pass road is 82dB, Elk Road is 82dB, Slaughter market
is 76dB, Destiny Drive is 7dB, Abuloma road 5dB and total Gospel Road is 76dB. All the values were above the ambient limit 80, by implications, the inhabitance of the study area were subjected all forms of noise pollution related diseases. Therefore steps should be taken to ameliorate the evils of noise pollution on human health and loss of man hours as well as human resources.

A STUDY ON SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND CHARACTERIZATION IN SOME SELECTED HOSPITALS IN OKIGWE LOCAL GOVERNMENT

AREA, IMO STATE
Etusim, P.E.1, Ijere, A.O.1, Melariri, P.E.1,
Ogwo, P.A.2 and Ikonne, U.3
1Department of Animal and Environmental Biology
Faculty of Biological and Physical Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu.
2Department of Environmental Resource Management,
Faculty of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu.
3Unit of Public/Environmental Health,
College of Medical and Health Sciences, Abia State University, Uturu.
E-mails: soljant4real@yahoo.com & etusimp@gmail.com

ABTRACT

This paper reports the result of hospital waste analysis undertaken in some hospitals in Okigwe. This analysis was carried out between August and December 2012. Hospital wastes generated and collected from three different hospitals in Okigwe were categorized into five different classes of hospital waste. A total 95.51kg of waste was collected from the three hospitals; 60.54kg (63.38%) from H1, 18.9kg (19.7%) from H2 and 16.07kg (16.83%) from H3. GHW was the most prominent waste consisting of 64.6kg (67.63%) while the least waste type was RHW 0.09kg (0.09%).
SHW, IHW and PHW weighed 11.9kg (12.45%), 16.4kg (17.17%) and 2.45kg (2.56%) respectively. A similar pattern and order of composition was recorded in the three different hospitals. RHW being the least generated waste, followed by PHW, SHW, IHW and finally GHW. A total of 13.2kg of waste was generated per day at the three hospitals; H1 generated the greatest waste per day (7.57kg), H2 generated the least waste per day (2.01kg) H3 generated 3.36kg of the hospital waste per day. H2 produced the greatest Waste/Day/Bed (0.33kg) while H1 produced the least (0.09kg). H3 generated 0.20kg hospital Waste/Day/Bed. This study reveals the absence of modern waste/incineration facilities in all the hospitals and therefore recommends their provision in order to contain the rapid waste generation of the hospitals.

ENERGY CRISIS: (A CASE FOR PARADIGM SHIFT IN FAVOUR OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES)

Aneze, E.U
Department of Surveying & Geoinformatics
Enugu State University of Science & Technology, Enugu
E-mail:

ABSTRACT

The future of mankind remains bleak and precarious if we do not come to terms with stark realities of basic environmental problems like proper refuse disposal, blocked drains, land misuse, deforestation and lately tackling the menace of greenhouse gas (GHG) emission and improper disposal of nondegradable
materials, not even the bio-degradable wastes. Yet our
economy is voraciously consuming automobiles and other appliances whose functioning are already considered harmful to the environment. Our nation is operating energy policy while individuals source energy for their needs anyhow. Various factors, natural and man-made contributing to energy crisis was considered. Merits and demerits of different energy
sources are highlighted. A case for paradigm shift in favour of renewable energy sources as alternatives is strongly advocated. As the world advances in research to break away from crude oil through alternative means,ranging from zero-emission coal fire plants through revolutionary solar and wind technologies to safe nuclear energy, electronic cars and pollution-from
cars that run on hydrogen; the economic strength of many nations as thesuppliers of energy is greatly challenged.

ANALYSIS OF THE OPERATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF PUBLIC-PRIVATE

PARTNERSHIP IN SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT IN BAUCHI METROPOLIS
Haruna A.U. and Bashir U.M.
Architecture Programme
Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi
ABSTRACT
The use of public-private partnership in provision of basic urban services like water and sanitation in many developing countries is becoming inevitable for attainment of sustainable development and meeting the millennium development goals. In Bauchi metropolis, Nigeria, the case is not different, as public-private partnership in solid waste management has been in operation since 2007. This paper studied the nature and operational performance of this partnership in Bauchi metropolis. This study analyzes the roles, and relationships between the public and private actors, the constraints hammering success and finally suggest mechanism
of bettering the partnership. A qualitative approach involving interviews, focus group discussions, observations and photography was used to gather necessary primary data, while reference to relevant literature provided the much needed secondary data.

GIS of Spatial Distribution of Ordinary Levels Schools in Yola North Local Government

Area of Adamawa State, Nigeria
Aliyu A. and Aliyu R.M.
Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics
Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria
E-mail: alhajiaminu92@gmail.com1 & mahmud.aliyu@gmail.com2
ABSTRACT
Observed Global positioning system coordinates of all post-primary schools in Yola North local Government Area were obtained These coordinates were used to create a digital map showing the location of post-primary schools within the study area. These coordinates were used to determine the distances from one point to its Nearest Neighbors in a particular unit area. The distances were computed using a computer program written in MATLAB 2009a programming language. The distances
obtained were then used in determining the distribution pattern of these schools using Nearest Neighbor Analysis statistical tool, where the value of Nearest Neighbor index (Rn) was computed and was found to be Rn=1.1124. This result obtained indicates that random distribution pattern exists in the study area. The test of significance on the value of Rn was then computed using Z-distribution and from the value of Z obtained, it shows
that the value of Rn is significant. A database was created using the
attributes of the schools and different queries were generated from the geo-spatial database created as shown in figures 4.3 – 4.8. The analysis indicates that Nearest Neighbor analysis can favorably be used in determining the spatial distribution pattern of the post-primary schools and other facilities for a meaningful development. The study clearly depicts the process of using Nearest Neighbor analysis in determining the spatial distribution pattern of the post-primary schools. The study reveals how the schools were located on a digital map and the value of Rn shows that random pattern of distribution exists within the study area. The scale
used for the unit area (A) exposes two schools without any Neighbor. Nearest Neighbor Analysis is recommended for determination of spatial distribution pattern of schools, since it shows clearly how these schools are distributed. Writing a computer program should be encouraged in
calculating distances from coordinates using a programming language