LYCOPERSICON ESCULENTUM STEM AND EOOT FRACTIONS ATTENUATE ETHIDIUM BROMIDE-INDUCED BIOCHEMICAL ALTERATIONS IN RATS

aSulaiman A. Faoziyat, aAdeotiOluwatomiwa, bSulaiman A.Afolabi, *cOlatundeAhmed,aAbubakar F. Aluko,aOsejiFavor, aOmopupaSuliat, aOdetoyeOmolara, aBamidele B. Eniola, aZakariyah R.Toyin, aNurudeen A. Damilola

aDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences,

University of Ilorin, Ilorin

bFederal Medical Center, EbuteMetta, Lagos

cDepartment of Biochemistry

AbubakarTafawaBalewa University, Bauchi740272

Email: olatundebch@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Ethidium bromide is usually applied as a marker for identifying nucleic acids bands during electrophoretic processes. The information on the ability of natural products to ameliorate the toxic effect this chemical is still scanty. However, this study investigated the ameliorative effect of Lycopersiconesculentum in ethidium bromide induced toxicity in experimental rats.Experimental animals (50) with average body weight of 95±10g were randomly assigned into 10groups each consisting of five each. The normal group was administered with distilled water as the vehicle. The remaining groups of rats were treated with 0.5 ml (2.1 mg/kg body weight) on the skin for two weeks. The standard group was administered with 4.0 mg/kg Contiflo XL while the remaining ethidium bromide treated groups were administered with fractions (aqueous, butanol, ethyl acetate and hexane) of Lycopersiconesculentum stem and root.The results showed that the activities of AST, ALT, GGT, ALP and concentrations of total protein, albumin, bilirubin, creatinine, urea, uric acid, triglyceride, and total cholesterol were altered in the groups treated with ethidium bromide solution compared to the control group. But, Lycopersiconesculentum stem and root fractions (aqueous, butanol, ethyl acetate and hexane) administration ameliorated the alterations in ethidium bromide treated rats.The data from the study indicated that aqueous, butanol, ethyl acetate and hexane fractions of Lycopersiconesculentum stem and rootattenuated the toxic effect of ethidium bromide on the liver, kidney and heart ofrats.

Keywords:Lycopersiconesculentum, toxicity, biochemical indices, fractions


DESIGN OF TERNARY LOGIC ARITHMATIC CIRCUITS USING CARBON NANO-TUBE FIELD EFFECT TRANSITORS

Titiloye Stephen Oyediran&TitiloyeYetundeAdebimpe

Department of Electrical Engineering

 Federal Polytechnic, Bida

 

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a design of ternary arithmetic circuits including half-adder, full-adder and 1-bit comparator using Carbon Nano-Tube field effect transistors (CNTFET). The CNTFET has unique characteristics of behavior according to its arrangement of atoms. Threshold voltage of CNTFETs can vary by changing its diameter and also one intermediate state between two normal stable ON and OFF states introduced for multi-valued logic computation. Moreover ternary logic is a promising alternative to the conventional binary logic design technique, since it is possible to produce three states (TRUE, FALSE& UNKNOWN), and also reduces the number of interconnects and chip area and increases efficiency. Novel circuit design of half-adder and comparator based on ternary logic CNTFETs is proposed in this paper, where increased number of states in CNTFETs will eventually increase the number of bit handling capacity in the device.

Keywords:-Carbon Nano-Tube Field Effect Transistor (CNTFET), Multi Valued Logic (MVL), Half-Adder, Full-Adder,Comparator.


MODELS AND TREATMENTS OF ABNORMAL BEHAVIOUR: THE CHANGING CONCEPTIONS OF MENTAL DISODERS

1Leonard C. Orji &2 Mfon E. Ineme

1&2Department of Psychology

Christopher University, Mowe, Ogun State

2University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State

Email: leo_orji@yahoo.com, mfonineme@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

It is the objective of this paper to uncover to the reader the various conceptions of mental disorder/abnormal Behaviour across various ages of human existence including their conceived methods of ameliorations.Explanations from various literatures were presented from the Stone Age through the age of reason and enlightenment with adequate lessons on humanitarian approaches which propelled the establishment of mental hospitals in the 20th century and the resultant contemporary developments and milestones.

Keywords: Models. Treatment, Abnormal Behaviour, Mental Disorder, Conceptions


ETHICAL CLIMATE, JOB PRESSURE, AND COUNTERPRODUCTIVE WORK BEHAVIOUR AMONG FACULTY MEMBERS: THE MEDIATING ROLE OF NEUTRALIZATION

1Michael Olalekan Adeoti, 1Emmanuel Adesola Oluremi,1Azubuike Aham Samuel &2Kabiru Maitama Kura

1Department of Business Administration and Management

Federal Polytechnic Bida, Niger State, Nigeria

2UTB School of Business

Universityof Teknologi Brunei, Jalan Tungku Link, Gadong BE1410

Brunei Darussalam

ABSTRACT

Extant research linking ethical climate and job pressure to counterproductive work behaviour have consistently yielded significant results. However, the psychological mechanism that underlies the relationships between ethical climate, job pressure and counterproductive work behaviour remains unclear. We addressed this knowledge gap by examining the mediating role of neutralization in the relationships between ethical climate, job pressure and counterproductive work behaviour. The proposed model was tested by applying variance-based structural equation modeling to data collected from 356 academic faculty members of two ethnically diverse public universities in Nigeria. As expected, the results showed that both ethical climate and job pressure were significant predictors of counterproductive work behaviour. Additionally, the results established that the relationships between ethical climate and counterproductive work behaviour is mediated by neutralization. In the same vein, the results showed that job pressure triggers neutralization, which in turn, predicts counterproductive work behaviour.

Keywords: Ethical climate, job pressure, counterproductive work behaviour, neutralization


DESIGN OF A CONTROLLER ENABLING PRECISE POSITIONING AND SWAY REDUCTION IN CRANES WITH ON/OFF ACTUATION

Titiloye Stephen Oyediran&TitiloyeYetundeAdebimpe

Department of Electrical Engineering

 Federal Polytechnic, Bida.

Abstract

Precise manipulation of payloads is difficult with large cranes. Oscillation can be induced into the lightly damped system by motion of the overhead support point, or from environmental disturbances. A combined feedback and input shaping controller is presented here.  The controller uses feedback to detect and compensate for positioning error in the overhead support unit (e.g. the bridge or trolley), and input shaping is used to negate motion-induced oscillation in the payload. The controller is implemented on a 10-ton bridge crane at the Georgia Institute of Technology. The controller generates simple on-off commands, suitable for typical cranes that employ on-off, relay-driven motors. The controller achieves good positioning accuracy, and significant payload sway reduction.

Keywords: Input Shaping, Command Shaping, Crane Control, Automation, Oscillation Control, Anti-Sway


COMPARISON ON THE EFFICIENCY OF SIMPLE RANDOMSAMPLING VERSUS SYSTEMATIC RANDOM SAMPLING IN THE ESTIMATION OF AGES OF STUDENTS IN AN EDUCATIONAL SURVEY

Itiveh Francis Enahoro&Aniesedo Johnny M.

Department of Mathematics and Statistics

Delta State Polytechnic, Ozoro

Email: fenoitiveh4@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This study was intended to ascertain the most efficient sampling techniques in sample survey: Simple random sampling versus systematic random sampling. The target population of study was the Delta State Polytechnic. For the purpose of this study, the school of Engineering Technology was selected randomly using simple random sampling – lottery method. The ages of students in the department of civil engineering technology was randomly selected among the other departments using simple random sampling without replacement (SRSWOR). Eighty (80) questionnaires were distributed using equal allocation to the respective levels in the department. Fifty respondents’ questionnaires were retrieved and data set was organized and the normality test was done. Twenty (20) elementary units were drawn from the population of fifty (50) using simple random sampling and systematic random sampling. Sample statistic- mean and variance- were calculated using the two methods compared and their efficiency was tested. Results from the normality test shows that the data was normally distributed using chi-square goodness of fit test at level of significance. From the sample statistic calculated simple random sampling has the smallest variance and as such is more efficient than systematic random sampling. It is hereby recommend that simple random sampling methods should be used in research work.

KEYWORDS: Sampling, statistic, simple random, data, systematic.


ASSESSMENT ON EDUCATIONAL AND HEALTHCARE NEEDS OF INTERNALLYDISPLACED PERSONS IN MAIDUGURI METROPOLIS, BORNO STATE, NIGERIA

Abubakar Abba Aji, Augusta O.Okwute, Musa Usman & Kulladiffu K. Kwari

Department of Continuing Education and Extension Services

University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

This study examines educational and healthcare needs of Internally Displace Persons camps in Maiduguri Metropolis of Borno state, Nigeria. The study was guided by two research objectives and corresponding research questions. The study was a survey research design with study population of 38,833 internally displaced persons (IDPs) from three IDPs camps in Maiduguri metropolis where 400 samples were drawn through proportionate simple random sampling technique, Researchers designed and validated questionnaire with fourteen (14) items was used as instrument for data collection. Collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics of mean and standard deviation. The findings of the study revealed that IDPs educational needs are not significantly addressed. Finding also depicts that IDPs health care needs are not significantly delivered. Based on the findings it was recommended that the Government, Non-Governmental Agencies should improve in the provision of these services by deploying required facilities and professionals to offer the services at the internally displaced persons (IDPs) camps in Maiduguri Metropolis of Borno State.


TEACHING EFFECTIVENESS AS CORRELATE OF ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL IN ENGLISH LANGUAGE IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

Ahmed SaiduGatugelDepartment of General StudiesSchool of General Education

 FederalCollege of Education, Yola

ABSTRACT

The study correlated the effectiveness of teaching with students’ academic performance in English language in senior secondary school, Adamawa state. However, the study purposively take Yola education zone out of four education zone in the state as study area and sampled 117 English language teachers across the 63 public senior secondary schools in Yolaeducation zone, Adamawa state. The study used “English Teacher Teaching Effectiveness Evaluation Scale (ETTEFS)” for data collection, by issued out a copy for the vice principal academic to serve as school based evaluator for the respective English language teacher in their schools. The average students’ performances in English language in the last promotion examination for those students taught by the participating English teachers were also recorded at average of 10 students per teachers. The structured questionnaire was used as instrument for data collection. Data collected were analyzed using Pearson Product Moment Correlation at 0.05 significant level. The study found that teachers’ lesson planning effectiveness, teachers’ lesson delivery, teachers’ use of instructional materials and classroom management are all significantly related with students’ performance in English language. The study recommends for more teachers training and provision of instructional materials for the support of English teachers.

Keywords: Teaching effectiveness, Academic achievement.


ASSESSMENT ON EDUCATIONAL AND HEALTHCARE NEEDS OF INTERNALLYDISPLACED PERSONS IN MAIDUGURI METROPOLIS, BORNO STATE, NIGERIA

Hassan Dan AzumiAudu

PEDN Department

 Federal College of Education, Yola

Email: dahassan@fceyola.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

This paper examined the effect of improvisation of instructional materials on attitude and academic performance of nomadic pupils in social studies in north eastern Nigeria. The study adopted a quasi-experimental, pre-test, post-test, non-equivalent, control groups design. The study sampled 257Primary V students across the 12 nomadic schools across six states in north eastern Nigeria at rate of two schools per state. The instruments for data collection were Social Studies Attitude Inventory (SSAI) and Social Studies Achievement Test (SSAT). The SSAI was adapted and modified from Attitude Scale (AS) designed by Aiken and Aiken (1969) before improved on by Ahlgren and Walberg (1973). The scale comprised of 40 items, based on a five- point Likert scale. The Social Studies Achievement Test was a multiple choice objective test which consists of 30 items based on primary V curriculum for first and second terms. ANCOVA analysis was used for data analysis. The study found the set of nomadic pupils taught socials studies with improvised instructional materials recorded academic performance and positive attitude significantly higher than those set of nomadic pupils without instructional materials. The study concluded that social studies required instructional materials for effective teaching in nomadic schools. Therefore, the study recommended that in the case of lacked readymade instructional materials the social studies teachers should endeavour to improvise instructional materials suitable for teaching and learning socials studies in pecular to lifestyle of nomadic pupils.

Keywords: Improvisation, instructional materials, attitude and academic performance


EFFECT OF INTERACTIVE SIMULATION ON ATTITUDE AND ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN MATHEMATICS AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN ADAMAWA STATE, NIGERIA

Kabiru Ahmed Manju

General Studies Education Department

Federal College of Education, Yola,Adamawa State, Nigeria.

ABSTRACT: This study investigated the effects of interactive simulation strategy on Senior Secondary school Students’ attitude and achievement in mathematics. This study adopted a quasi-experimental non-equivalent pre-test post-test Design. Interactive classes were assigned to experimental and control groups. The study used a sample size of 135 Senior Secondary Students in Yola Education Zone of Adamawa State. The Instruments used were Mathematics Attitude Inventory Scale (MAIS) and Mathematics Achievement Test (MAT). The teaching strategies adopted for experimental group was interactive simulation strategy (ISS). Conventional strategy was used for the control group. The study used descriptive statistics of Mean and Standard Deviation in answering research questions and inferential statistics of Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) for testing hypotheses at 0.05 level of significance. The findings of the study revealed that ISS was effective on Senior Secondary Students’ attitude and achievement in mathematics. Likewise, the use of ISS for teaching mathematics does not show any significant difference in attitude and achievement in mathematics amongst male and female students. Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that the State Government through the State Ministry of Education should equip the Senior Secondary Schools in Adamawa State with computers to facilitate effective teaching-learning mathematics.

Keyword: Interactive simulation, students’ attitude and Students achievement, Mathematics


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