EFFECTS OF INTERACTIVE-INVENTION AND PROBLEM-BASED INSTRUCTION STRATEGIES ON STUDENTS’ ATTITUDES TO BIOLOGY

Ogunbowale Ngozi Blessing

Teacher Education Department

 Faculty of Education, University of Ibadan, Ibadan.

E-mail: ogunblessing1@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The prevailing poor outcomes of students in biology every year in Senior School Certificate Examination suggests that the instructional strategies employed by teachers may be inappropriate. There is the need to employ strategies where student will engage in problem solving skills and involve class interaction coupling with wide discussion to ascertain its effect on students‘  performance  This study therefore, concerned itself with the effects of Interactive-invention and Problem-based Instruction strategies on achievement in Biology. It also examined the moderating effect of students’ self-efficacy on learning outcome in Biology. A pre-test, post-test, control group quasi –experimental research design was adopted for this study. The participants for the study were made up of 201 (79 male and 122 female) Senior Secondary Class two (SSII) Biology Students selected from six purposively co-educational secondary schools in Ibadan North, Ibadan North East and Akinyele local government Areas of Oyo State. Seven research instruments were used for this study, Biology Achievement Test (BAT),Students Biology Self Efficacy Questionnaire (SBSQ), Teachers Instructional Guide Problem-based Learning Strategy (TIGPBLS);Interactive Invention Strategy (TIGIIS) and Conventional Lecture Method (TIGCLM) including Evaluation Sheet for Assessing Instructors’ Performance during Training (ESAIP). Three hypotheses were tested at 0.05 alpha levels. Data collected were analyzed using Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA). There was a significant main effect on treatment on the Academic Achievement of the Students in Biology (F(2,182 ) = 14.355  P <.05,η² = 0.136). Problem-based learning strategy was significantly different from Interactive Invention and conventional strategies in their achievement scores.. There was no significant difference between of Self-efficacy on Students’ Achievement in Biology (F(2,182) = 0.022, P > .05, η² = .000). Problem-based learning strategy is effective in improving students’ Academic Achievement of the Students in Biology taking into cognisance the self efficacy of students concerned.

DEVELOPMENT AND STANDARDIZATION OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCE ACHIEVEMENT TEST FOR SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS IN TARABA STATE NIGERIA

¹Egunsola Abraham, ²Denga Luther and ³Pev Isaac

¹Department of Vocational Education, Modibbo Adama University of Technology Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria

²College of Education, Zing, Jalingo,Taraba State, Nigeria

³Department of Vocational Education, Modibbo Adama University of Technology Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria.

Email- zikpev@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

An Agricultural Science Standardized Achievement Test (ASSAT) was developed for Senior Secondary School class one (SS1) students in Taraba State, Nigeria. The test was developed to provide a valid and reliable instrument to be used for diagnosis, placement and guidance services in Taraba state senior secondary schools. A table of specification was drawn by the researchers based on the content of SS1 Agricultural Science Curriculum and used as a guide to generate 60 objective test items. The test items were face and content validated by experts and pilot tested on 48 students in two schools not included in the study. Split half reliability was determined using Spearman Brown Prophecy formula to determine the internal consistency of the test. The test had a reliability coefficient of 0.82. The researchers adopted an instrumentation research design. The final revision of the test items was made and a final copy containing 50 objective questions was administered to three hundred and eighty four students in sixteen schools, using disproportionate stratified random sampling technique. Four research questions were formulated and answered; one hypothesis was formulated and tested at 0.05 level of significance using the Z – test analysis. Data collected were analyzed using the Maximum Likelihood estimation technique of the BILOG MG Computer programme based on one parameter model of item response theory. Norms for the test was based on measures of central tendency and percentile ranks. The result revealed areas of instruction in Agricultural Science curriculum needing greater emphasis It was recommended that the Taraba state ministry of education should integrate the use of the Test in senior secondary schools for placement of students who will offer Agricultural science. Also Agricultural science teachers should incorporate strategies that will reflect critical thinking among agricultural science students during delivery of topics that demand calculations.

ISSUES AND CHALLENGES IN TEACHING LIBRARY INSTRUCTION COURSE IN NIGERIA UNIVERSITIES

.

Enite Anita Urhefe

Assistant Librarian

 Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun, Delta State.

E-mail: anitaurhefe@yahoo.com 

ABSTRACT

The Library instruction course is aimed at teaching students the techniques of effective use of library to enable them appreciate the importance of the library. Majority of students, especially the secondary school leavers who gain admission for higher studies and who by that privileged find themselves in large libraries have difficulties in retrieving information from the library and some do not even consider the library as an  important organ in the university. This is the reason why university libraries teach the Use of Library course. The teaching of the course enables new students to acquire the skills for using the library.  However majority of students still find it difficult to use the library resources. This paper therefore discusses issues and challenges facing the teaching of the course. Prominent among these challenges are lack of commitment by the university management which results to inadequate funding of the course and lack of standardization in the teaching methodology of the course. The recommendations as obtained from the study includes the need for proper commitment by  university management and  cooperation of academic staff  both from the university library and other faculties members.

UTME AND POST-UTME SCORES AS PREDICTORS OF POLYTECHNIC STUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN FIRST YEAR NATIONAL DIPLOMA (ND) EXAMINATIONS

(A CASE STUDY OF MOSHOOD ABIOLA POLYTECHNIC, ABEOKUTA, NIGERIA.)

¹Sojobi, O.A., ²Mabosanyinje, A., ³Ogunsanya, B.G. and ⁴Sulaimon, M.O.

Department of Statistics & Mathematics

Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria.

E-mail: olayiwolasojobi@gmail.com,maboadedeji@yahoo.com,

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to examine the relative effectiveness of the Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (UTME) and Post Unified Tertiary Matriculation Examination (Post-UTME) on the first year (NDI) academic performance of students admitted to Moshood Abiola Polytechnic in 2012/2013 session. This is a correlation research as well as Ex-Post facto design. The study was set out to investigate the relationship that exists between the performances of students in UTME and Post-UTME (predictor variables) and MAPOLY students’ achievement (CGPA) in first year ND examination (predicted variable). Secondary data from the institution were used to develop a predictive model. The population consists of all registered admitted students for the 2012/2013 academic session. Total sample of one thousand (1000) students were randomly selected from all the academic departments of the institution with respect to each department’s population vis-à-vis stratified sampling and simple random sampling technique. Using Multiple regression, Multiple correlation coefficient, Coefficient of multiple determination, t-Test, ANOVA F-Test, LSD multiple comparison test and Correlation Matrix to analyze the data, result shows the regression coefficient for Post-UTME to be 0.0212 with a  P-value of  while that for UTME to be 0.0004 with a P-value of . Findings show that Post-UTME was more effective than the UTME. More so, there was a low and inverse relationship between students’ score in Post-UTME and UTME. Polytechnics managements should give high priority to students’ Post-UTME performance than their UTME performance when admitting them. A 35% pass mark in Post-UTME in addition to a student’s UTME score is considered adequate when considering students for admission into polytechnics.  JAMB should be saddled with the responsibility of conducting pre-qualifying examination whereby polytechnics should be allowed to conduct a Post-UTME screening

THE EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL, INTELLECTUAL AND SOCIAL CHANGES ON ADOLESCENTS’ PERSONALITY: IMPLICATION FOR CLASSROOM

Abubakar Hussaini Yoffo

Department of Educational Psychology

Federal College of Education, Yola Adamawa State.

E-mail: abubakarhussaini121@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The Effects of Physical, Intellectual and Social Changes on Adolescents’ Personality can not be over emphasis. This paper therefore dwelled on the concept of adolescent, the concept and structure of personality, the adolescents and adults, the personality need of Adolescents, the developmental tasks of adolescent, the physical development of adolescent, intellectual development of adolescent, social development of adolescent and educational implication for teaching learning were highlighted. Finally, the paper provided some recommendations that may help Adolescents to satisfy their needs.

EXPERIENTIAL AND OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING TECHNIQUES AND THEIR EFFECT ON SECONDARY SCHOOL BIOLOGY STUDENTS’ ATTITUDE TOWARDS ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION 

Adeoye, O.R.

Department of Teacher Education

University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.

E-mail: funmie16@gmail.com, funmie16@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The traditional instructional strategy employed by most biology teachers in teaching environment-related concepts have resulted in low learning outcomes. Two strategies have been proved in literature to have make students to display creative and independent thinking when working on projects, writing papers, or participating in classroom discussions. The study, therefore, investigates experiential and observational learning techniques and their effect on secondary school biology students’ attitude towards environmental degradation. This study adopts pretest, posttest, control group, quasi-experimental design. It examined possible effect of experiential and observational learning techniques, gender and mental ability on students’ achievement in environmental degradation in biology. The test population consists of senior secondary school two (SSII) students which were randomly selected from four schools in Ibadan Southwest Local Government and Ido Local Government of Oyo state. From the population of SSII students, the sampled subjects will consist of an intact class in each school. Five instruments was used for the study and they are; Students’ Environmental Degradation Attitude Questionnaire; Student’s Mental Ability Test (SMAT); Teacher instructional guide on the Experiential learning; The Observational learning strategies; and Conventional learning technique. Two hypotheses were tested at 0.05 alpha level. Analysis of result was done using ANCOVA. There was significant effect of treatment on students’ attitude to environmental degradation (F_(2,168) = 25.83; P<.05). It is recommended that Experiential and observational strategies should be adapted as viable strategies for studying concepts in biology. This will enable students to improve their attitude to environmental degradation.

REVIEW ON AFRICAN LITERATURE ON DONALD SUPER’S THEORY OF VOCATIONAL CHOICE: IMPLICATIONS FOR COUNSELLING

Usman Bakari

Department of Education

Taraba State University Jalingo, Nigeria.

E-mail: bakariyawo@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This paper focused on the review of twenty five African literatures on Donald Super’s Theory of Vocational Choice from the findings of this paper result shows that, Decisions made at tender age may relate to nothing but fantasy because they are likely to learn more on needs and wants of self rather than reality factor and also the inability of youth to choose a good vocation for their life is lack of awareness of the particular vocation, several researches viewed on Donald Super’s theory of vocational choice as one of the foremost career researchers of his time, concept of vocational choice theory, self-concept theory, five life stages, life career rainbow, life roles and  span, life space were discussed, implications for counselling and consequently critique of the theory which among other things says, more segments of the theory should be empirically evaluated, especially the life space, life span of adolescents.