The Roles of Small and Medıum Scale Enterprıses ın Nıgerıan Economıc Growth: An Empırıcal Analysıs.

MUHAMMAD USAINI

Department of Accounting and Finance

Federal University Gusau

Email: usainimuhammad@yahoo.com     

ABSTRACT

The study addresses the roles of small and medium scale enterprises SMES toward accelerating the economic growth and development in a manner in which they enhance effective utilization of local resources. However, the militating challenges faced by SMES are that while making policy by the government, much attention is not being paid to them. This, makes their financing the main problem to SMES growth and blocks their potential for reaping economic growth in Nigeria. Thus, with regards to the identified issues, the study investigated the roles of SMES in economic development in Nigeria between 1981 to 2002.It made use of Ordinary Least Square OLS, two stage Least square 2SLS and Vector Error Correction Model VECM method while estimating the regression model. The end result of this analysis shows that, when we proxy the SME as a component of Gross Domestic Product GDP, it portrayed the nagetive influence on economic growth. Therefore, based on the finding of the study, the central authority should pay more attention for the development of SMES.


The Role of Small Scale Business in the Economic Development of the Nation

UMEANO, NGOZI E.

Department of Office Technology and Management

Federal Polytechnic, Mubi, Adamawa State

Email: lynumeanu@yahoo.com, lynumeano@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The role of small scale business to the development and growth of Nigerian economy cannot be over emphasized.  This is due to the fact that they pilot the economy and help in the development of the nation by creating jobs for the unemployed and provide goods and services that are needed in the country. It is against this backdrop that the paper looked at the role/importance of small scale business in the development of the economic growth of the country. The paper talked on the challenges faced by the business operators/entrepreneurs in the cause of running their businesses. The paper concludes by recommending that the fund should be made available and be easily accessible to the entrepreneurs, so that they would perform as expected.


Determinants of Capital Structure Decisions of Nigerian Listed Manufacturing Firms

1PAUL AONDONA ANGAHAR, 2KASIMU ABUDU and 3UMOH ANIEBO JUSTIN

1Department of Accounting, Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria

2&3Department of Accounting, Veritas University, Abuja, Nigeria,

E-mail: angahar63@yahoo.co.uk, kasbud2000@yahoo.com, aniebo23@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Capital structure decisions have been the most significant decisions to be taken by any business organization for maximization of shareholders wealth and sustained growth. The study has investigated the determinants of capital structure of Nigerian listed manufacturing companies for a period of five years from 2010 to 2015. Secondary data was collected from the annual reports of listed Nigerian manufacturing companies and it was analyzed using pooled least square. This study has investigated the impact of capital structure on profitability. It has examined the impact of firm’s turnover, total assets, profit after tax, tax and interest on the leverage on the sampled firms.  The results revealed that turnover, total assets, profit after tax, tax, and interest are strong determinants of capital structure of the Nigerian manufacturing firms. Therefore, it is recommended that in carrying out their debt equity mix, the financial managers of Nigerian listed firms should ensure proper monitoring of the following variables: turnover, total assets, and profit before tax, tax and interest of the firms in order to have an optimum financing mix for their firms.


The Management of Human Resources in Organisational Set Up

(A Case Study of Nasarawa State Polytechnic, Lafia)

1GIMBA, FELIX MAIANGWA & 2KUMANJOCK, SAMUEL NUHU

1Department of Business Administration and Management, Nasarawa State Polytechnic

2Department of Accountancy, Nasarawa State Polytechnic, Lafia

E-mail: kumanjock@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The objective of the paper is to explore the role of the human resource manager towards improving corporate productivity in Nigerian organizations. With the aid of secondary and primary data, a survey study was carried out on Nasarawa State Polytechnic. Analysis was done using the simple percentage with the aid of tables and the Chi-Square(x2) statistical technique at 10% level of significance. The study discovered that the human resource manager is indispensable in the organization system; and that environment or location be considered in human resources allocation. The study, therefore, recommends that the human resource manager be solely responsible for employee matters in the organization; his or her skills be regularly updated to meet the challenges of the ever-changing times; and environment or location be considered when allocating human resources for increased productivity.


COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF ANTIMICROBIAL PROPERTIES ON EXTRACTS OF FRESH AND DRIED LEAVES OF Carica papaya ON SELECTED CLINICAL BACTERIAL AND FUNGAL ISOLATES

Afuape A.O., Ajayi, J.O., and Adewunmi A.R.

Science Laboratory Technology Department, Moshood Abiola Polytechnic, Ojere Abeokuta.

E-mail: afuapeolajumoke@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The importance of herbs in the management of human ailments cannot be over emphasized. It is clear that the plant kingdom harbours an inexhaustible source of active ingredient invaluable in the management of many infectious and communicable diseases. The frequency and diversity of life-threatening infection caused by pathogenic micro-organisms has increased steadily worldwide and it is becoming an important cause of morbidity and mortality in immune-compromised patients especially in developing countries. The efficacy of treatments with Carica papaya is dependent on the quantity of the different chemical substances present in the preparation. The antibacterial and antifungal activity of both fresh and dried leaves of Carica papaya against bacteria and fungus of medical importance was carried out. The aqueous and ethanol extract of both dried and fresh leaves were tested at 25, 50 and 100mg/ml concentration on both bacteria and fungi isolate using the disc diffusion method. Result showed significant broad spectrum antimicrobial activity against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria and fungus. The aqueous extract was more effective than the ethanol extract for the bacterial activity while for the fungal activity, the ethanol extract was more effective than the aqueous extract.  The fresh leaf extract was potent against some of the bacteria which standard antibiotic were not able to inhibit.  Carica papaya leaves showed a better antifungal activity than the antibacterial activity.  Demonstration of antimicrobial activity against the test isolates is an indication that there’s possibility of sourcing alternative antibiotic substances in this plant for the development of newer antimicrobial agents.


PHYTOCHEMISTRY, ACUTE TOXICITY AND INVITRO ANTITRYPANOSOMAL STUDIES ON AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF GOSSYPIUM HERBACEUM (LINN) LEAF

1Biu, A.A., 2Buratai, L. B., 3Lawal, J.R., 3Yakaka, W. 1Zango, M.K., 4Mustapha, F.B. and 2Ali, B.J.

1Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria

2 Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria.

3Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri, Nigeria

4Department of Veterinary Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maiduguri

E-mailbiuvet@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The phytochemical components, median lethal dose (LD50) in albino rats and In vitro efficacy of aqueous extract of Gossypium herbaceum leaf onTrypanosoma brucei was investigated in this study. Tannins had a high score in the extract, alkaloids, saponins, flavonoids and reducing sugars indicated moderate scores, while glycosides and phlabotannins showed low scores. The calculated medium lethal dose (LD50) in albino rats was 500mg/kg body weight, with early clinical signs of sluggishness, awkward posture, loss of appetite, starry hair coat and terminal death within 24 hours. All clinical signs were dose dependent. In vitro efficacy of Gossypium herbaceum leaf aqueous extract had a positive correlation with the extract dose, but negatively correlated with the time of exposure, showing a 100% inhibition of trypanosomes at the concentration of 5.0mg/kg. In conclusion Gossypium herbaceum leaf aqueous extract could be described to have bioactive components, moderately toxic and could inhibit trypanosomes In vitro.


Table of Contents

A Descriptive Analysis

Okonkwo Ejike A.,Eze Adaobi C. and Chigbo Chinwe M.                                                       1 – 11

The Role of Government and Financial Institutions in Small and Medium

Scale Enterprises in Nigeria

Babalola Adesola O., Ayodele, O. Churchill and Usman, Baba U.                                           12 – 18

Impact of Economic and Financial Crimes on the Nigerian Economy: An

Assessment of Money Laundering

Egbelade Mathew O. and Stephen S. Ojo                                                                                 19 – 25

Sales Force Automation (Information Technology) Performance and

Organisational Profitability

Egberi Agbarha Kelvin and Edith O. Egberi                                                                             26 – 34

Fraudulent Practices: The Bane of Nigeria Banking Sector

Mathew Olanrewaju Egbelade,Kumanjock Samuel Nuhu and Gimba Felix Maiangwa          35 – 42

Entrepreneurship Education and Vocational Development as Panacea to

Insecurity in Nigeria

Sharafadeen Iyanda Ganiyu                                                                                                  43 – 55

Factors affecting the Choice of Prevailing Income Measuring Concepts

among Manufacturing Companies

Ademola Emmanuel Akinyele, Aladelusi Kekinde Banjo and Taiwo Akeem Ayinde               56 – 67

Bank Consolidation and Bank Performance in Nigeria: A Review of Current

Literatures

Hauwa Daniyan Bagudu and SaiduSuleiman                                                                         68 – 75

The Impact of Microfinance Banks on the Development of Small Businesses

in Bida Metropolis, Niger State, Nigeria

Ibrahim Abubakar Mikugi and Salihu Dere Ibrahim                                                                76 – 93


Bank Consolidation and Bank Performance in Nigeria: A Review of Current Literatures

HAUWA DANIYAN BAGUDU AND SAIDUSULEIMAN

Department of Banking and Finance

Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State

E-mail: hauwadaniya@yahoo.com; suleimanbankin@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This study reviewed various, but few recent literatures on bank consolidation in Nigeria. The data set for this paper is made up of pre and post consolidation literatures. They were all secondary data from various recent journals and textbooks. The review indicated that bank consolidation affected bank performance positively in Nigeria. Nevertheless, it  was concluded that bank consolidation could be the lasting solution to the problem of bank distress in Nigeria, and that banks should sustain a good credit policies, efficient internal control and fraud management system they are currently promoting and was also recommended among other things that the CBN should tighten its role as a watchdog for Nigerian financial as well as banking industries and make it clear that none of the twenty-five surviving banks is “too big to fail”.


Factors affecting the Choice of Prevailing Income Measuring Concepts among Manufacturing Companies

1ADEMOLA EMMANUEL AKINYELE, 2ALADELUSI KEHINDE BANJO AND 3TAIWO AKEEM AYINDE

1Department of Accountancy, Federal Polytechnic Ilaro, Ogun State

2Department of Banking and Finance, Federal Polytechnic Ilaro, Ogun State

3Department of Business Administration, Federal Polytechnic Ilaro, Ogun State

E-mail: demoladelord2003@yahoo.com ; Taiwoakeem2002@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The significant of income to any business entity cannot be overemphasized. Income is the residue that is available for distribution to the shareholders which ensures the maintenance of the capital (Glautier A, 2011,). Income is a basic and important item of financial statement that has various uses in various contexts. It is generally perceived as a basis for taxation and redistribution of wealth, a determination of dividend payment policies and investment and decision making guide and element of prediction (Riahi-Belkaoui 2002).The choice of income measurement concepts which has a direct bearing on the operating performance reporting of an organisation is informed by some factors which this paper sought out to examined. To achieve the objective of this study, opinion of selected staff of Fidson Nigeria Plc and Nestle Nigeria Plc Lagos State were sought through the use of questionnaire and besides relevant theories and concepts were reviewed The questionnaire were analysed with the use of SPSS 17 .The evidence shows that the choice of accounting concepts as the  prevailing income measurement concept is premised on historical cost accounting given its unconditional and long standing acceptance of this version of income by the accounting profession and the business world. The paper finally recommends that the use of other income measurement such as the economic view should be preferred due to some militating factors against the use of accounting income which is historical in nature.


Entrepreneurship Education and Vocational Development as Panacea to Insecurity in Nigeria

SHARAFADEEN IYANDA GANIYU

Department of Business Education

Federal College of Education, Yola

E-mail: iyandaadeen@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Now that insecurity has reached the level of an epidemic that threatens the existence of Nigeria as a nation, there have been several calls and approaches to check the menace. One of such approaches is entrepreneurship and vocational development to engage the teeming youths who are prone to these evils and social ills in a bid to make them not only independent but also employers of labour. This paper therefore discussed the concepts of entrepreneurship education and vocational development, their importance in combating insecurity in the land, causes and effects of insecurity on Nigeria and Nigerians. It came into conclusion that the entrepreneurship education and vocational development approach is not only durable and cost effective; it tackles the roots of insecurity and not just the symptoms. Recommendations were made toward promoting entrepreneurship education and vocational development as a great alternative route out of the insecurity quagmire in the country.


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