A Review of the Barriers to the Nigeria’s Developmental Aspirations and the Socio- Philosophical Ways Forward

Category : Journal of Arts and Contemporary Society , volume 15, number 1, 2023

Phillips Olubiyi Department of General Studies Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Ogun State, Nigeria E-Mail: olubiyi.philips@federalpolyilaro.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

Development is assumed to be a predictor of whether or not a country is developing. Despite its multitude of people, natural, and material resources, a critical examination of Nigeria’s developmental projections indicates that the country has failed to meet the aspirations of its population. The goal of this research was to identify Nigeria’s development problems. This paper used a qualitative research approach and textual analysis to argue that there still exist a wide gap in Nigeria’s efforts to promote development because of various existential problems that has continued to present significant dangers to her development. These setbacks include, among others, include lack of adequate human resources to pursue and fulfill Nigeria’s developmental plans and policies, corruption, and a lack of visionary administration. This paper concluded that if some of these identified impediments are addressed, Nigeria will experience national development. Keywords: Development, Corruption, State of Infrastructure, Role of Philosophy.

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Review of the Challenges and Prospects for Educational Review of the Challenges and Prospects for Educational Review of the Challenges and Prospects for Educational Development amidst Review of the Challenges and Prospects for Educational Development amidst amidst National Insecurity in Nigeria National Insecurity in Nigeria: : : : The Socio National Insecurity in Nigeria Philosophical Way Forward Philosophical Way Forward

Category : Journal of Education and Policy Review , volume 15, number 1, 2023

Phillips Olubiyi EE E– Department of General Studies Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Ogun State, Nigeria E-Mail: olubiyi.philips@federalpolyilaro.edu.ng Mail: olubiyi.philips@federalpolyilaro.edu.ng Mail: olubiyi.philips@federalpolyilaro.edu

ABSTRACT

The goal of education in modern times is broader than it was in preliterate communities. Education currently influences politics, society, family, and the economy, among other things. Education must evolve in tandem with society, which is continuously changing and evolving. In the Nigerian context, professionals both at home and abroad have voiced great worry about the incoherence or inadequacies of the country’s education system, particularly at the college, polytechnic, and university levels. Youth between the ages of 18 and 30 years are commonly implicated in numerous crimes that contribute to insecurity. This paper applied a theoretical approach to periscope the multi-layered challenges of insecurity in Nigeria, particularly as these challenges impact the Nigerian nation’s educational trajectory with its associated negative consequences for Nigerian youth in particular and the country’s future in general. The paper also examined various literature materials to evaluate the results of previous publications on the topic under review, and thus recommended that government at all levels and stakeholders in Nigeria’s education industry be more retrospective, introspective and proactive on issues of national security in order to arrest the negative drift that is currently affecting Nigeria’s educational projections. Keywords: Education, Keywords: Education, Insecurity Insecurity Insecurity, ,, , Philosophy and Philosophy and Philosophy and National Development

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Functional Integrated Science Education as a Tool for Functional Integrated Science Education as a Tool for Functional Integrated Science Education as a Tool for Wealth Functional Integrated Science Education as a Tool for Creation Economic Diversification Creation Economic Diversification

Category : Journal of Education and Policy Review , volume 15, number 1, 2023

Hamidu Musa Yoldere Department of Integrated Science Hamidu Musa Yoldere Department of Integrated Science School for Secondary Education School for Secondary Education: : : : Science Programme Science Programme Email Science Programme Email: : : : hamidu2011@gmail.com hamidu2011@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This paper looked at functional integrated science education as a tool for wealth creation and economic diversification. It clarifies the concept of functional education, integrated science education, wealth creation and economic diversification. It examined how functional science education could be used to create wealth and economic diversification by applying some innovative strategies and some of the challenges retarding the achievement of functional integrated science education in Nigerian schools. The paper concludes that Functional integrated Science Education has the potential of equipping individuals with life coping skills for self – reliance, Integrated Science curriculum should be made to be functional in terms of teaching resources, enough teachers in quantity and quality who are well motivated and good learning environment. The paper recommended that; regular workshops, seminars and conferences should be organized for teachers of Integrated Science to build their capacities for Integrating entrepreneurial skills in their teachings, there is the need for the country to have more emphasis on practical aspects of the subject so that studies in Integrated science may become more functional to individual as well as benefiting to the larger society among others. Key Key Key Keywords: words: words: Functional education, integrated science, wealth creation and Economic diversification

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The Effect of Students Learning Styles on Performance in The Effect of Students Learning Styles on Performance in Architectural Design Studio The Effect of Students Learning Styles on Performance in Architectural Design Studio (A study in Jos, Nigeria) (A study in Jos, Nigeria) (A study in Jos, Nigeria)

Category : Journal of Education and Policy Review , volume 15, number 1, 2023

Ebele Ebelechukwu Obianuju Enwerekowe chukwu Obianuju Enwerekowe1 11 1, Ifeoluwa Adebola Adetula1 11 1, , , , Jonathan Jonathan David David David Chong Chong1 11 1 1Department of Architecture, University of Jos, P.M.B. 2084, Jos, Plateau state, Nigeria. Email Email: enwerekowee@unijos.edu.ng : enwerekowee@unijos.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

The curriculum and programs of architectural schools and studios are often written to address theoretical and professional concerns without addressing the ways in which a particular program may be compatible with individual student learning styles. This study takes a closer look at the effect of learning styles on student performance in architectural design studio as concerns for student output in design continues to question how students learn and how their ways of learning differ from one another. The study identifies and seeks to understand learning styles and preferences of second- and fourth-year Architecture students in the University of Jos, Plateau state; and to ascertain how awareness of this various learning styles can improve the communication between instructors and design students in design studio on the basis of the Kolb’s Learning Style Theory. In this study, a quantitative research approach was employed. The research instrument that was employed is the Kolb’s Learning Style Inventory (LSI). Data captured in this study was analysed through descriptive statistical methods for the purpose of showing the means and spreading of students learning style preferences in each sample using tabulated descriptions and graphical descriptions. The study ascertained that the preferred learning style of a student can determine how well he/she performs in design studio. It also concluded that there are significant differences between performances of students of every pair of learning styles. The results of this study strongly suggest that recognising the association between learning styles and performance in design studio will lead to both more perceptive teaching and also more responsive learning. Key words Key words: architectural education, design studio behaviour, learning styles

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Analytical Assessment tical Assessment tical Assessment tical Assessment of Factors Affecting Cassava Production in of Factors Affecting Cassava Production in of Factors Affecting Cassava Production in of Factors Affecting Cassava Production in Selected Local Selected Local Selected Local Selected Local Government Government Government Government Areas of Areas of Areas of Areas of Oyo State Oyo State Oyo State Oyo State

Category : Journal of Education and Policy Review , volume 15, number 1, 2023 , Uncategorized

11 1Oni, Oni, Oni, Oni, J. J. J. J. O. and O. and O. and O. and 2 22 2Adeniji, P. O. Adeniji, P. O. Adeniji, P. O. Adeniji, P. O. 1 11 1Department of Counseling Psychology and Educational Department of Counseling Psychology and Educational Department of Counseling Psychology and Educational Department of Counseling Psychology and Educational Foundations, Foundations, Foundations, Foundations, Tai Tai Tai Tai Solarin University of Solarin University of Solarin University of Solarin University of Education Education Education Education, ,, , I II Ij jj jagun, Ogun State agun, Ogun State agun, Ogun State agun, Ogun State 2 22 2Institute Institute Institute Institute of of of of Education, Education, Education, Education, Faculty of Education/ Ekiti State University, Faculty of Education/ Ekiti State University, Faculty of Education/ Ekiti State University, Faculty of Education/ Ekiti State University, Ado Ado Ado Ado Ekiti, Ekiti State Ekiti, Ekiti State Ekiti, Ekiti State Ekiti, Ekiti State Email: Email: Email: Email: oniogunmola@gmail.com oniogunmola@gmail.com oniogunmola@gmail.com oniogunmola@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This study examined the factors affecting the production of cassava in Oyo state. Data for the study was collected using stratified random sampling technique with the aid of structured questionnaires. Six (6) local governments were selected from thirty-three (33) local government areas in the state with one hundred and twenty (120) participants selected through the use of stratified random technique because of the zoning nature of the research. Pearson Production Moment Correlation (PPMC) and multiple regression analysis were used to examine the factors affecting cassava production in the study area. The results indicated that there was significance relationship between cassava production and factors such as financing of farms, monitoring of farmers’. It was recommended that cassava farmers in the study area should explore various means of financing cassava cultivation. They should strictly follow the instructions of the agricultural extension officers and that extension officers should regularly visit the cassava farmers on their farms. Mores, government should provide credit facilities to cassava farmers in order to enhance cassava productivity. Keywords: Keywords: Keywords: Keywords: Assessment, Cas Assessment, Cas Assessment, Cas Assessment, Cassava, sava, sava, sava, Production, Production, Production, Production, Financing, Financing, Financing, Financing, Oyo Oyo Oyo Oyo State, State, State, State, Processing Processing Processing Processing

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Histopathology Review of Free Radicals

Category : Journal of Biological Sciences and Bioconservation Volume 15, Number 1, 2023

Ekundina O. Victor1

, Omon A. Emmanuel1

, Ayomide Unuigbohai, Ejelue C. Chiamaka

Department of Medical Laboratory Science,
College of Health and Medical Sciences,
Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.

Email: omonea@pg.abuad.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

Histopathology is a branch of medicine that deals with the study of
disease tissues. These diseases have an underlying cause which is the reaction of free radicals and other reactive species. Free radicals are highly reactive and unstable chemical molecules that are produced from normal metabolic and biochemical reactions in the body. Free radicals cause oxidative stress when their reactions overwhelm the counteraction of antioxidants in the body. Examples of free radicals are superoxideanion (O2

), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), hydroxyl radical (OH-), nitric oxide
(NO), peroxyl (ROO) and lipid peroxyl (LOO). Oxidative stress then leads to disease by provoking pathologic reactions in specific tissues of the organ based on the exposure of the tissues to free radicals. Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases like diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, liver cancer etc. Antioxidants are molecules that can stabilize or deactivate free radical before they cause tissue damage. This review is focused on establishing the effects free radicals have in the pathogenesis of histopathology, in addition, the roles of antioxidant in deactivating these free radicals reaction. Free radicals cause disease when oxidation exceeds antioxidation or even when the generation of free radicals exceeds its removal. Keywords: Histopathology, Free radicals, Oxidative Stress, ROS, Antioxidants, Tissue

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Phytochemical and Antibacterial Activity of Delbergia saxatilisLeaf Extract Extract

Category : Journal of Medical and Applied Biosciences, volume 15, number number 1, 2023

Yusuf M.G, Lawal F.B. & Yusuf M.G, Lawal F.B. &Garba S.T. Garba S.T. Garba S.T.
Department of Science Laboratory Technology,
Umaru Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic, Sokoto – Nigeria
Email: candlenddark@gmail.com Email: candlenddark@gmail.com candlenddark@gmail.com

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT


Dalbergia saxatilis is widely used in traditional medicine system. The species are used in traditional system of medicine all over the world in the treatment of various ailments qualitative phytochemical analysis and antibacterial activity of the leaf
extract were evaluated. Phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard procedure, the bioactive compounds detected were flavonoids, tannins, saponins, steroids, balsam, saponin glycosides, volatile oils, alkaloids, cardiac glycoside and glycosides and absence of anthraqinone,. Antibacterial activity of the leaf extract was also tested against the certain strains of clinical isolates of bacteria such as Streptococcus spp., Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi using disc diffusion and broth techniques. The antibacterial test result had indicated that the test isolates were sensitive to the leaf extract of Dalbergia saxatilis plant with highest efficiency against Streptococcus spp at 400mg/ml (24mm), 500mg/ml (19mm) for E.
coli and then 0.00mm for Salmonella typhi at all concentration. The lowest activity for E. coli and Streptococcus spp was at 300mg/ml (16mm and 19mm) respectively. The leaf extract of the plant found to show strong inhibitory activity against some
of the tested organisms at higher concentrations which was in dose dependent manner. The study had indicated that the leaf extract of the plant has potential against microbial infections.
Key words: Phytochemical, Antibacterial, Dalbergia Key words: saxatilis.

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Evaluation of Mineral Composition Evaluation of Mineral Composition Mineral Composition, Antinutritional Parameters and Antinutritional Parameters and Microbial Count of Fermented Prosopis africanaSeeds (OKPEHE)

Category : Journal of Medical and Applied Biosciences, volume 15, number number 1, 2023

1Asiru, R.A., *1Bukar, A., **1Mohammed, B. and ***2Musbau, S. Musbau, S.
1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of life Science, Bayero University, PMB 3011, Kano,
2Department of Biological Sciences, Yobe State, University, Yobe, Nigeria
Email: asirunet@gmail.com

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT


Boiled and fermented seeds of Prosopis africana were evaluated for mineral composition, anti-nutritional contents and microbial count were determined at 0 hr, 24 hrs, 48 hrs and 72 hrs of fermentation using standard procedures. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive statistics and one way ANOVA. The result of the quantitative phytochemical analysis showed general reduction in the entire anti-nutrients constituents as the fermentation progressed from 0 hr to 72 hrs. The Alkaloids content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.38mg/100g at zero hour to
0.13mg/100g at 72 hours. The Flavonoids content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.34mg/100g at zero hour to 0.17mg/100g at 72 hours. The mean Steroids content
decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.41mg/100g at zero hour to 0.21mg/100g at 72 hours. The saponins content decreased from 0.93mg/100g at zero hour to 0.55mg/100g at 72 hours. The resins content decreased from 0.87mg/100g at zero hour to 0.38mg/100g
at 72 hours. The phenols content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.51mg/100g at zero hour to 0.22mg/100g at 72 hours. Tannis was not detected at any stage of fermentation and oxalate content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.13mg/100g
at zero hour to 0.02mg/100g at 72 hours while results of minerals composition of Okpehe contained; Calcium (36.82ppm), Potassium (14.49ppm), Sodium (2.48ppm), iron (0.75ppm), copper (0.33ppm), Lead was not detected, cadmium (0.32ppm), nickel
(0.03ppm) chromium were (0.01ppm). The bacterial load ranged between mean log10 (5.74- 5.92) cfu/g while Fungal count ranged between mean log10 (5.56-5.73) cfu/g after 72 hrs of spontaneous fermentation. Keywords: Keywords: Prosopis africana seeds, Fermentation, anti-nutrients, Condiment,
legume, phytochemical

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Expression of Expression ofCEA andp16 in Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Cancer Colorectal Cancer

Category : Journal of Medical and Applied Biosciences, volume 15, number number 1, 2023

Ekundina O. Victor1, Omon A. Emmanuel1*
,
Oladele A. Abraham1, Aliyu Aminu1

1Department of Medical Laboratory Science,
College of Health and Medical Sciences,
Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State, Nigeria.
Email: omonea@pg.abuad.edu.ng *Corresponding Author:

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT


Colorectal cancer is any cancer that affects the colon or rectum which is known to be the most common malignant cancer in the GIT. The aim of this case controlled retrospective study is to determine the expression of CEA and p16 in normal colorectal tissues, colonic polyps and colorectal carcinoma. IHC analysis of the expression of CEA and P16 was performed on a total of 65 formalin fixed paraffin- embedded tissue blocks including 15 normal colorectal tissues, 25 benign colonic polyps and 25 colorectal carcinoma were retrieved from pathology archives. Immunohistochemical analysis was carried out on the samples. The results obtained showed that nuclear CEA staining was expressed in which normal cases showed a positivity rate of 50%, colonic polyps showed a positivity rate of 90% and CRC showed a positivity rate of 100%. Staining of p16 was expressed in which normal cases showed a positivity rate of 20%, colonic polyps showed 70% and colorectal cancer showed 93%. A positive relationship between the degree of expression of CEA and p16 and the severity of the lesions in the progression of colorectal carcinoma was observed through this course of study. While these markers have been proven to be effective in predicting the progression of normal colorectal tissue to colorectal carcinoma based on their staining patterns, none of these markers can stand on its own to give fully definitive result and should be used in concordance with each other to compensate for their limitations and obtain relevant results.
Keywords: Keywords: Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), p16, Colorectal cancer, Expression, Tumour

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Evaluation of Mineral Composition Evaluation of Mineral Composition Mineral Composition, Antinutritional Parameters and Antinutritional Parameters and Microbial Count of Fermented Prosopis africanaSeeds (

Category : Journal of Medical and Applied Biosciences, volume 15, number number 1, 2023

1Asiru, R.A., *1Bukar, A., **1Mohammed, B. and ***2Musbau, S. Musbau, S. 1Department of Microbiology, Faculty of life Science, Bayero University, PMB 3011, Kano, 2Department of Biological Sciences, Yobe State, University, Yobe, Nigeria Email: asirunet@gmail.com

ABSTRACT ABSTRACT

Boiled and fermented seeds of Prosopis africana were evaluated for mineral composition, anti-nutritional contents and microbial count were determined at 0 hr, 24 hrs, 48 hrs and 72 hrs of fermentation using standard procedures. The data obtained were subjected to descriptive statistics and one way ANOVA. The result of the quantitative phytochemical analysis showed general reduction in the entire antinutrients constituents as the fermentation progressed from 0 hr to 72 hrs. The Alkaloids content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.38mg/100g at zero hour to 0.13mg/100g at 72 hours. The Flavonoids content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.34mg/100g at zero hour to 0.17mg/100g at 72 hours. The mean Steroids content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.41mg/100g at zero hour to 0.21mg/100g at 72 hours. The saponins content decreased from 0.93mg/100g at zero hour to 0.55mg/100g at 72 hours. The resins content decreased from 0.87mg/100g at zero hour to 0.38mg/100g at 72 hours. The phenols content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.51mg/100g at zero hour to 0.22mg/100g at 72 hours. Tannis was not detected at any stage of fermentation and oxalate content decreased significantly (p < 0.05) from 0.13mg/100g at zero hour to 0.02mg/100g at 72 hours while results of minerals composition of Okpehe contained; Calcium (36.82ppm), Potassium (14.49ppm), Sodium (2.48ppm), iron (0.75ppm), copper (0.33ppm), Lead was not detected, cadmium (0.32ppm), nickel (0.03ppm) chromium were (0.01ppm). The bacterial load ranged between mean log10 (5.74- 5.92) cfu/g while Fungal count ranged between mean log10 (5.56-5.73) cfu/g after 72 hrs of spontaneous fermentation. Keywords: Keywords: Prosopis africana seeds, Fermentation, anti-nutrients, Condiment, legume, phytochemical

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