Table of Contents

Issues Affecting Testing Activities in Porting Mobile Applications

Gabriel Lazarus Dams& John T. Ogbiti                                                                                   1-24

Evaluation of Aqueous Extract of Vernonia Amygdalina on the Histopathology

of the Liver of Wistar Rats

Obeten, K.E., Ujong G. O, & Adoga M. O.                                                                                25-36

Time Dependent Effect of the Aqueous Seed Extract of Helianthus Annuus L. on

 Some Biochemical Parameters in Alloxan Induced – Diabetic Rats.

Saleh, B.G, &  Carol C.D                                                                                                          37-50

The Effect of Particle Size and Particle Size Distribution on the Modulus of Rupture

 of Some South East Nigeria Clays

Osonwa Nobert Okey , Nwabineli E.O, Ekwueme Ekenna, Ogbn Charles Collins, Alegu         51-60

Ferdinand Nnanna F.

Alcohol Use, Anxiety and Demographic Predictors of Aggressive Behaviour Among Adolescents in Ibadan and Uyo Metropolises: A Cross-Cultural Study

Mfon E. Ineme, Idris A. Sadiku, Kubiat M. Ineme & Helen O. Osinowo                                                61-79

Enhancing Industrialization in Africa Through Indigenous Technology

Otuu J.B.                                                                                                                                  80-90

Cosmetics: An Assessment of its Health Implications to Human Body

V.J., Nzuta                                                                                                                                91-105

Making Dyes from Local Plants: An Assess for Teaching Dyeing Skills

V.J., Nzuta                                                                                                                                106-114

MAKING DYES FROM LOCAL PLANTS: AN ASSESS FOR TEACHING DYEING SKILLS

V.J., Nzuta

Department of Home and Rural Economic,

Taraba State College of Agriculture Jalingo

Abstract: The study was conducted on making dyes from local pigments was carried out using natural pigments found within Zaria. An experimental study was carried out using ten selected natural pigments from Zaria, along with four local mordants for the purpose of dye extraction the major objectives of the study is making of dyes from local plants. Boiling and soaking methods were adopted for the dye extraction. On the whole forty-three different shades were got out of the experiment. On the whole the Ten (10) different pigments used includes Scale of Onions, Kola nuts, Guinea corn husk, mango bark, mango leaves, cashew bark, cashew leaves, cassia leaves and guava leaves locally obtained mordants were alum, potash, lye and common sal were used variously on the pigments. Two methods were basically employed to extract dyes from the selected pigments. These are boiling and soaking. Mordants were added to the pigments during the boiling and soaking processes. Length of white cotton was also dropped into each combination to test the color of dyes produced. The researcher further recommends that individuals as well as tie and dye companies or establishments are therefore encouraged to adopt the processes employed in this study to extract dyes from natural pigments within their environment in order to save cost and energy and students from home and rural economic departments and those willing should try out other methods of extracting dyes and as well combining different pigments and mordants to produced advanced or new colours which will serve as a literature for further academic work.

Keywords: Dyes, Extraction, Plants, Teaching, Dyeing, Skills

COSMETICS: AN ASSESSMENT OF ITS HEALTH IMPLICATIONS TO HUMAN BODY

V.J., Nzuta

Department of Home and Rural Economic,

Taraba State College of Agriculture, Jalingo

Abstract

Severe stomach irritation, vomiting and diarrhoea, while exposure to lower levels for a long time can lead to kidney damage, bone deformity, and the ability of bones to break easily, miscarriage, hormonal changes, reduced fertility in men and women, menstrual irregularities, delays in puberty onset in girls, contact dermatitis, neuro-developmental deficits in the children, cancer, mild to moderate skin and eye irritation, reduced sperm count in men and reproductive defects in the developing male foetus; liver and kidney failure in young children, increased skin aging and DNA damage, allergies, severe headache and asthma symptoms, skin irritation and systemic toxicity, allergies and skin irritation, endocrine disruption, possible reproductive toxicant, may impair human fertility, hormones disrupters, sneezing, runny nose, cough and shortness of breath, headaches, dizziness, fatigue, irritation, allergic contact reactions, severe contact dermatitis, skin rashes, skin discoloration and scarring, as well as a reduction in the skin’s resistance to bacterial and fungal infection. The study further shows that bout sixteen (DEA Cocamide DEA and Lauramide DEA, Coal Tar Dyes, Lead, Cadniun, Dibutyl Phthalate (DBP), Parabens, Fragrance, Polyethylene Glycols (PEGs), Petrolatum, Siloxanes, Phthalates, Henna dyes, Coumarin and Phethleugenol, Hydrogen peroxide solutions, and Ammonium persulfate, Nickel and Mercury  minerals found in cosmetics have one effects or the other in human body. It was also found that these adverse implications can be avoided by reducing the rate of using these cosmetic products. It was further recommended that since there is little direct protection, consumers should read labels, understand what they are buying and focus on companies with established reputations for quality products, the agencies that control the safety of cosmetic products should work hard to ensure safety of the consumers of these products; the manufacturers of these products on their part to ensure the clinical safety of their products, parents and teens should limit the amount of makeup worn on their faces to avoid skin rashes and the effects attach to it therein and individuals should limit the use of cosmetics such as powders, cleansers, eye shadows, shampoo, dyes, lipsticks, foundation, mascara, tattooing, nails decorations etc. on their body.

Keywords: Cosmetics, Health, Chemicals, Minerals, Substance, Body, Skin, Makeup, Skin Care

ENHANCING INDUSTRIALIZATION IN AFRICA THROUGH INDIGENOUS TECHNOLOGY

Otuu J.B.

Department of Mechanical Engineering

Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana Afikpo, Ebonyi State

Email: johnotuu@gmail.com

Abstract

One fundamental problem responsible for the technological backwardness of West Africa and indeed the whole of Africa is the inability of governments, stakeholders and peoples of the region to explore indigenous viable opportunities. A key answer to this problem lies in according indigenous technology the attention and pride of place it deserves. The feeling of a people in respect of their culture and tradition which define their identity and station in global events propels their desire for development. When a people’s indigenous knowledge, experiences, precepts, traditions and history are thrown off in favour of foreign ones, it beclouds and endangers the people’s corporate survival and identity. Indigenous technology, viewed against the backdrop of technology, is not a new concept. The paper therefore, looks at the concepts of indigenous knowledge and indigenous technology. The characteristics of indigenous knowledge and technology are considered. The paper also looks at the threats to indigenous technology and knowledge. It outlines the developmental opportunities offered by indigenous technology for West Africa in particular and Africa as a whole. Finally, the paper discusses ways of enhancing indigenous knowledge and technology.

Keywords: Indigenous Language, Indigenous Knowledge, Indigenous Technology, Industrialization, Technology

ALCOHOL USE, ANXIETY AND DEMOGRAPHIC PREDICTORS OF AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOUR AMONG ADOLESCENTS IN IBADAN AND UYO METROPOLISES: A CROSS-CULTURAL STUDY

Mfon E. Ineme, Idris A. Sadiku, Kubiat M. Ineme & Helen O. Osinowo

Department of Psychology, University of Uyo, Nigeria

Department of Psychology, University of Ibadan, Nigeria

Department of Curriculum Studies, Educational Management and Planning, University of Uyo, Nigeria

Department of Psychology, University of Ibadan

Email:mfonineme@yahoo.com, b2kbolaji@gmail.com, kubiatineme1@rocketmail.com & helenosinowo@yahoo.com   

Abstract

This study investigated alcohol use, anxiety and demographics as predictors of aggressive behaviour among adolescents in Ibadan and Uyo metropolises. It was a cross-cultural survey utilizing an ex-post facto design. A total of 447 purposively sampled adolescents from Yoruba and Ibibio cultures participated in the study. Revalidated Alcohol Use Identification Test by Babor, Higgins-Biddle, Saunders & Monteiro (1993) State-Trait Anxiety Inventory by Spielberger (1983), and Aggressive Scale by Orpinas & Frankowsk (2001) were used to collect data. The Pearson-r results {r= .19, df = 445, p<.05} showed that alcohol use positively correlated with aggression, the results {t (445) = 4.89, p<.05} and {R² = .32, F (6, 441) = 7.26, p < .05} indicated that anxiety and demographic factors respectively predicted aggressive behaviour among the participants. Gender, family type, perceived parenting style, family size, and parental marital status independently predicted aggressive behaviour among the participants. Moreso, the 4 {t (445) = 1.46, p>.05} indicated that adolescents who were of the Yoruba culture were not significantly different in aggressive behaviour from those who were of the Ibibio culture.  Age was not an independent predictor. It was suggested that adolescents, parents, guardians, and teachers should be mindful of these factors while psychologists and other behaviour scientists develop valid intervention programmes to curb the aggression among adolescents.   

Keywords:Aggression, Alcohol Use, Anxiety, Demographic Factors, Culture

THE EFFECT OF PARTICLE SIZE AND PARTICLE SIZE DISTRIBUTION ON THE MODULUS OF RUPTURE OF SOME SOUTH EAST NIGERIA CLAYS

Osonwa Nobert Okey ¹, Nwabineli E.O², Ekwueme Ekenna³, Ogbn Charles Collins⁴, Alegu Ferdinand Nnanna F.⁵

^1,2 Department of Ceramic and Glass Technology

• Department of Building Technology

^4,5 Department of Metallurgical  Engineering

Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic Unwana Afikpo, Ebonyi State

Email: nobertosonwa@yahoo.com  

Abstract

The modulus of rupture of three clay samples were investigated to determine the effect of particle size distribution on them. The samples were collected from natural deposits at Nsu-Ehime; Ohia- Umuahia and Awo- Omamma, all in south eastern Nigeria. The particle size distribution of the clays were determined by laser diffraction technique. Thermo physical and thermo-mechanical parameters of the clays were also tested. Comparison of the modulus of rapture of the three clay samples with their particle size distributions revealed that a high proportion of the larger sized particles, (21 µm-51µm) will lower the modulus of rupture of the clay. Awo-Omamma clay contains 16.14% of these size fractions. Nsu and Ohia clays contain 4.05% and 6.65% of these size fractions respectively. Correspondingly, Nsu clay has better modulus of rupture results than Ohia clay and Awo-Omamma clay. Nsu clay and Ohia clay will perform well in most structural and technical ceramic applications. Awo-Omamma clay would require proper blending with other ingredients to produce a similar performance.

Keywords: Clay, Particle Size, Porosity, Bulk Density, Modulus of Rupture, Volume Mean Diameter (VMD), Laser Diffraction, Sieve Aperture, Shrinkage, Thermo-Physical, Thermo-Mechanical. 

TIME DEPENDENT EFFECT OF THE AQUEOUS SEED EXTRACT OF HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L. ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN ALLOXAN INDUCED – DIABETIC RATS.

TIME DEPENDENT EFFECT OF THE AQUEOUS SEED EXTRACT OF HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L. ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN ALLOXAN INDUCED – DIABETIC RATS.

¹Saleh, B.G, & ² Carol C.D

¹Department of integrated Science, College of Education, Gindiri, Plateau State, Nigeria

² Department of Biochemistry, University of Jos. Plateau State, Nigeria

Email: Carrll42@yahoo.com, bitrussaleh@gmail.com

Abstract

The study was carried out to investigate the effect of the aqueous extract of helianthus annuus L seed and time of treatment on serum glucose, protein, urea, albumin, creatinine and some electrolytes using Wista albino rats as the animal model. Twenty (20) adult male wista albino rats were randomly assigned to four (4) groups of five (5) rats each. Diabetes was induced in the test and control rats by the intraperitoneal injection of alloxan monohydrate at a dose of 150mg/kg b. w. The experimental rats were administered 400mg/kg b. w single daily dose of the extract for fifteen (15) days. Diabetes was confirmed in the experimental rats by the significant increase (p<0.05) in serum glucose level. Treatment with helianthus annuus seed extract showed a significant time dependant decrease (p<0.05) in serum glucose level. The diabetic rats showed significant (p<0.05) increase in the serum levels of urea, creatinine. Treatment with the extract resulted in a time dependent significant (p<0.05) decrease in these parameters. There was a significant (p<0.05) decrease in the serum levels of total protein and albumin. Treatment with extract produced significant (p<0.05) increase in these parameters. This investigation also showed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in serum levels of Na⁺, K⁺, Ca⁺, Mg²⁺ and Cl^– in the diabetic rats. Treatment with the extract produced significant (p<0.05) time dependent increase in the levels of these electrolytes.

Keywords: Helianthus Annuus L, Diabetes Mellitus, Glucose, Electrolytes

EVALUATION OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF VERNONIA AMYGDALINA ON THE HISTOPATHOLOGY OF THE LIVER OF WISTAR RATS

Obeten, K.E., Ujong G. O, & Adoga M. O.

Department of Anatomy and Forensic Anthropology, Cross River University of Technology –Okuku, Cross River State

Department of Human Physiology, Cross River University of Technology-Okuku, Cross River State

Department of Radiography and Radiological Science, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria

Email: kobe@crutech.edu.ng

Abstract

Bitter leaf (Vernonia Amygdalina Deliile) (VA), family of Asteraceae is a plant that is consumed locally as food and serves important enthno-medicinal uses. It grows throughout tropical Africa to a height of about 1-5 meters and it is indigenous to many West African countries. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of aqueous extract of Vernoniaamygdalina in Wistarrats Twelve’s Adult Wistarrats weighing 89-106g were divided into three groups of four rats each. Groups 2 and 3 were administered orally with VernoniaAmygdalina aqueous extract at 0.2mg/kgBW and 0.4mg/kgBW respectively for 15 days. Group 1 was control and received 0.4ml of normal saline. The effects of aqueous extract of Vernonia Amygdalina on the body weight, liver enzyme were evaluated as well as liver architecture. After the end of administration (day 15), the weight were taking before sacrificed. After sacrifice, liver were excised and fixed in 10% formal saline, then processed for rapid routine paraffin embedding. In this research, it was observed that oral administration of aqueous extract of Vernonia Amygdalina resulted in significant increase (P<0.05) in body weight. Serum chemistry revealed significant increase (P<0.05) in ALT (alanin aminotransferase), ALP (Alkaline Phosphase) and AST (Asparate Amino Transferase) in animals treated with 0.2mg and 0.4mg of the extract relative to the control. From the result of this study, it may be concluded that the administration of aqueous extract of Vernonia Amygdalina is not toxic to wistar rats at the dose administered.

Keywords: Bitter Leaf, Liver, Wistar Rat, Liver Enzymes, AST

ISSUES AFFECTING TESTING ACTIVITIES IN PORTING MOBILE APPLICATIONS

Gabriel Lazarus Dams¹ & John T. Ogbiti²                        

¹Department of Mathematical Sciences, Tafawa Balewa Way, Kaduna State University – Kaduna,

²Department of Computer Science, Edo University Iyamho, Nigeria

Email: damsgabe@gmail.com or damsgabe@kasu.edu.ng, johnogbiti@yahoo.com

Abstract: Competitions in the mobile market has driven mobile software application organizations to meet market demand by developing applications within a short period of time which should run on different mobile platforms. As such, porting these mobile applications to other platforms once they have been developed on one platform, has been considered a desirable attribute.However, the methods used in porting these mobile applications to other platforms have been adhoc which has also affected the testing activities of the ported mobile applications. Literatures revealed that 85% of testers do not use specific models for testing mobile applications. The lack of use of specific models has also made testing of the ported mobile applications to be adhoc based.In this research, issues responsible for affecting the testing activities in porting mobile applications were identified and highlighted. Data were gathered through questionnaires and interviews and analyzed. The results showed that testing requirement phase is usually overlooked by the testing teams. The results also revealed the problem of communication between the developers and the testing teams due to lack of a well-defined testing strategy peculiar to porting mobile application.

Keywords: Mobile Application, Ported Software Applications, Testing Activities, Testing Standards