AN ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF COLONIALISM IN THE UNDERDEVELOPMENT OF POST NIGERIAN STATE 

Ndukwe Onyinyechi Kelechi & Ibrahim Umara

Department of Political Science

University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Borno State

E-mail.-Onyinyechikelechi@yahoo.com, umara222@yahoo.com

Abstract: The paper examines the role of colonialism in the underdevelopment of post Nigerian State. The role of colonialism in Africa and Nigeria in particular cannot be fully understood and appreciated without recourse to historical development in the continent over the years. During the pre colonial era, there was a pattern of development that characterized the African socio political institutions and economic system. Nigeria pre colonial era had a pattern that ensued organized institution which preserved the cultural heritage, promote communality with limited competition over ownership of means of resources.  Colonialism played a significant role on the political history and economic system of post colonial state of Nigeria with far reaching effects. The causes of underdevelopment in post Nigeria state is multi dimensional ranging from colonialism, corruption, leadership failure and many others. To juxtapose the causes mentioned, the paper looked at the underdevelopment of post Nigerian state from colonial perspective and this could be traced to the neo colonialist, imperialist and capitalist tendencies regarded as colonial extension. The paper argued that colonialism led to the fragmentation of socio economic system of Nigerian state which has undermined its capacity to develop. This was achieved through the integration of Nigerian economy into a capitalist world which has created gaps in self sufficiency, over dependence and unequal exchange rate in trade relations. The paper relied on secondary sourced materials. However, it concludes that there is need to review our historical ties. It is instructive that the conditions of western ties are lopsided and exploitative. This relationship seriously undermines the domestic potentials of post Nigerian state, especially with the current emphasis on foreign investment which translates into foreign capital domination. There is need to reconstruct our part and reinvent Pan African personality, integration and self confidence.

THE FIGHT AGAINST CORRUPTION IN NIGERIAN ECONOMY: A FLIRTING ILLUSSION

Ali D. Ibrahim

Department of Business Education

Federal College of Education, Yola

Email: alidanje@yahoo.com

Abstract: Corruption is a multifaceted public, political and economic phenomenon that affects all countries. Corruption undermines democratic institutions, slows economic development and contributes to governmental instability. Corruption attacks the foundation of democratic institutions by distorting electoral processes, perverting the rule of law and creating bureaucratic quagmires whose only reason for existing is the soliciting of bribes. This paper chooses to focus on the forms causes of corruption universally and domestically, and efforts of government in curbing corruptions. The paper recommends Morality, Pension Reform, Having the right weapons- policies, laws, and resources, Independent and incorruptible enforcers, Confiscation of assets and Reduction in the opportunities among others as a means of reducing the level of corruption in Nigeria. It was concluded that until that day when the fight will know no tribe, party, friends and allies, it shall remain a flirting illusion to be pursued.

Key words: Corruption, The fight against Corruption, Pension Reform and political will

ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT THROUGH TECHNICAL AND VOCATIONAL EDUCATION AND TRAINING (TVET) AND ENTREPRENEURSHIP: CHALLENGES AND THE WAY FORWARD

Patrick Chinda Duhu & Emmanuel V. Mbaga

Department of Electrical Technology Education, 

School of Technology and Science Education,

Modibbo Adama University of Technology, Yola

Email: patrickchindad@gmail.com

Abstract: The paper examines the significant roles of Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in economic development and poverty reduction in Nigeria. It also discusses the roles of entrepreneurship development for sustainable development. The paper specifically hinged on the various entrepreneurial opportunities in TVET and how it can be harnessed to achieve sustainable economic development. It was stressed that in order to enhance productivity and bring about sustainable economic development, skills development in TVET and entrepreneurship is vital. TVET plays important roles in the provision of skills, knowledge, attitude and values needed for the development and has emerged as one of the most effective human resource development strategies that Nigeria needs for sustainable economic growth especially in this era of dwindling oil price in the world market.  Finally the paper highlighted the challenges to achieving this noble cause and some solutions were proffered

Keywords: Technical and Vocational Education and Training, Entrepreneurship, Skills, Sustainable Development, Wealth Creation

THE CONSEQUENCES OF PROMISCUITY AND THE BUSINESS OF SEX IN THE DIGITAL AGE

Maureen Amaka Azuike

Department of English,

University of Jos, Jos

Email:          amakaazuike@gmail.com                            

Abstract: The business of sex has recorded a global increase due to social and economic challenges like the high rate of poverty and unemployment among the youths and their unbridled quest for a sexual freedom which brings with it, dire threats and grave consequences. The aim of this paper is to examine the situational and social factors which are responsible for the immoral behaviour and sexual mercantilism of our youths in the digital age. The immorality of our youths and their acquisition of foreign values and indecent social habits have turned them into objects of universal derision. This paper is underpinned by the sociological theory which offers explanations for the nature and development of society and for social behaviour which reflects the economic, social and political influences of society on a group of people. The conclusion of this paper is that the business of sex (otherwise known as prostitution) legitimizes the brutalization of women. It also re-enforces male domination; especially when women are used as sex machines or are treated as sexual slaves for the suppression of men’s sexual urges. 

Keywords: Brutalization of Women, Business of Sex, Digital Age, Economic Challenges, Male Domination, Sexual Slaves.

ECONOMIC AND FINANCIAL CRIMES COMMISSION (EFCC) AND PERFORMANCE OF BANKS IN NIGERIA: AN IMPACT ASSESSMENT

Amaefule, Leonard I.¹*, Okoye, Emma. I.² & Umeaka, Ernest C.³

¹Department of Accountancy, Imo State University Owerri, Imo State, Nigeria

²Accountancy Department, Nnamdi Azikiwe University Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria

³Department of Accountancy, Imo State University Owerri, Imo State – Nigeria

Email: leo4christ2002@yahoo.com;

Abstract:  This study evaluates the impact of EFCC on the performance of the Nigerian banks. Quantitative data were sourced from the publications of the Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation (NDIC) and the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) for the period covering 1993-2014. Test of Equality of difference between Means was employed in the analysis.  Findings show that there is a significant positive difference in the amount involved in bank frauds between the post and pre EFCC establishment eras; that is, that amount lost to fraudsters during the post-EFCC establishment period is greater than (>) amount of bank frauds before the establishment of EFCC. It also reveals that the establishment of EFCC has brought about a positive impact on banks’ credit performance in Nigeria and has warranted a positive effect on total banks deposit. The implication being that the prevalence of fraud and fraudulent practices in Nigerian banking sector has been more even after the establishment of the anti-graft agency (EFCC); however, the operations of the agency has improved banks performance in terms of credit to the economy, sequel to more money at the disposal of banks occasioned by improved confidence of depositors on Nigerian banks. The study concludes that the establishment of EFCC as an anti-graft agency of Nigerian government has not made significant impact in curbing financial crimes in Nigerian banks; thus, have not justified the core objective of its establishment. It suggested, inter alia, an urgent need to restructure the legal framework guiding the operations of EFCC in Nigeria.

Keywords: Fraud, Corruption, Financial Crimes, Banks, Performance

INFORMAL SECTOR AND URBAN ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH IN NIGERIA: AN APPRAISAL 

¹Ola, A. B. & ²Adewale, Y.Y.

Department of Urban and Regional Planning,

Federal Polytechnic Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria.

E-mail: olabayo2080@gmail.com, olabayo22@yahoo.com

Abstract: This paper discusses the state of urban environmental health in Nigeria and notes the role played by informal socio-economic activities in its steady decline. It identifies accelerated growth in municipal wastes generation, sustained exposure to environmental pollution, food poisoning due to unhygienic food handling and storage practices, among other issues as some of the urban environmental health problems resulting from informal economic activities. The paper however notes the socio-economic significance of this sector, most importantly, the provision of employment to the large share of the country’s workforce that remains outside the world of full-time, stable and protected jobs. The paper concludes by recommending measures for creating healthy urban environment without compromising the activities of the informal sector operators. This include the integration of informal sector activities into the environmental health policies and programmes of the governments at all levels, as well as the involvement of informal sector operators in the urban environmental management.

Keywords: informal sector; urbanization; sustainability; environmental health

INTERNATIONAL TRADE AND ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA (1980-2014)

Abomaye-Nimenibo, Williams Aminadokiari Samuel & Inimino, Edet Etim

Department of Economics, Obong University, Obong Ntak, Akwa Ibom State. Nigeria.

Department of Economics, University of Uyo, Uyo, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.

Email: Wasanim2006@yahoo.com. & clergyedet1@yahoo.com

Abstract: The study examines international trade and economic growth in Nigeria from 1980 to 2014. The broad objective of the study is to examine the impact of international trade on economic growth in Nigeria. To achieve this objective, time series data on gross domestic product (GDP), export (EPT) exchange rate (EXR) and Trade openness (TOP) were sourced from CBN statistical bulletin. The econometric methods of unit root test, Johansen co-integration test and Error Correction Mechanism (ECM) were employed as the analytical tools. The result of the parsimonious ECM shows that the overall model is satisfactory given the coefficient of determination of 82 percent and f-statistics of 8.958. Furthermore, it also reveals that there is a significant relationship between international trade and economic growth in Nigeria during the period of study. That is, international trade (proxied by exchange rate, trade openness and export) has impacted on economic growth (proxied by GDP) during the period of study. In addition, the long run dynamic result reveals that there exists a long-run relationship or equilibrium among the variables. This is because the coefficient of ECM is negatively signed and statistically significant, meaning that, the short run dynamics adjust to long run equilibrium relationship. It was therefore concluded that there is need to maintain suitable or appropriate trade policy regimes regarding export, trade openness and the rate of exchange in order to foster economic growth in Nigeria.

Keywords: Gross Domestic Product (GDP), Export (EPT), Exchange rate (EXR) and Trade Openness (TOP).

CAUSE OF STRESS AND THE STRATEGIES OF MANAGING IT AMONG ADULT LEARNERS IN BORNO STATE AGENCY FOR MASS LITERACY

¹Aminchi Daniel, ²Bello Imam Ali & ³Kefas Sallau Buba

^1&2Department of Continuing Education & Extension Services University of Maiduguri

³Department of Physical and Health Education, University of Maiduguri

Email: draminchi2014@gmail.com & kefassallau@gmail.com

Abstract: The study examined causes of stress among adult learners and the strategies of managing it. The study has two objectives and two research questions. Self developed questionnaire with Ten (10) items which contain the causes and strategies of managing stress was employed to collect the relevant data from the respondents from two literacy centers in the Agency for Mass Literacy Borno state. 120 questionnaires were distributed to adult learners 60 from each literacy centers through stratified and simple random techniques. The results revealed that combining work with academics causes stress among the adult learners with 98(81.7%) of the respondents. Another finding revealed that organizing work to manage time is another strategy of managing stress with 78(65%). Based on the findings of study, it was recommended that among adults that awareness and seminars should be organized for the category of learners immediately after enrolment exercise to help them manage stress.