Table of Contents

Assessment of Farmers Response to Agricultural Programmes

Broadcasted In Rima Radio Sokoto

Ibrahim, K.K., Abubakar, B.Z., Umar, I.W.                                                        1-17

Ebola Epidemics and Its Implications on Economic Activities in

Sierra Leone and Liberia

Esuga Folusho, Orebiyi, Taiwo Philip and Solomon, Funke                             18-36

Nutritional Potentials of Toasted Afzeliaafricana Seed Meal in

Non-Ruminants

Oko, Emmanuel Chukwuma, Obinna, Vincent Oko and Ikpe, Juliana Nnenna 37-57

Potential Zika Virus Vectors of Kaugama Local Government Area,

Jigawa State, Nigeria

Ahmed, U.A                                                                                                     58-69

Nutritional Quality of Sundried and Smoke-dried Catfish Sold

in Custom Market, Maiduguri, Borno State.

Musa, M.A.,  Idi_–Ogede, A.M., Yakubu, S.O. and Nda, A.A.                                70-80

NUTRITIONAL QUALITY OF SUNDRIED AND SMOKE-DRIED CATFISH SOLD IN CUSTOM MARKET, MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE.

¹Musa, M.A., ¹ Idi_–Ogede, A.M., ¹Yakubu, S.O. and ¹Nda, A.A.

¹Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture,

Federal University, Gashua.

Email musamusa25@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Processed sundried and smoke dried catfish were obtained from custom market, Maiduguri, Borno State. A total of 100 fish samples (clariasgariepinus) were purchased. 50 fish samples were sundried while the remaining 50 samples were smoke dried. Two weeks later, twenty-five each of the sundried and smoke dried were re-sundried and re- smoked dried respectively. Both samples were subjected to nutritional proximate analysis. Proximate content of the re-sundried samples were found to be lower than those of sundried, smoked and re-smoked dried respectively. It was concluded that processing method is a critical factor in proximate quality of fish products.

NUTRITIONAL POTENTIALS OF TOASTED Afzeliaafricana SEED MEAL IN NON-RUMINANTS

Oko, Emmanuel Chukwuma¹, Obinna, Vincent Oko² and Ikpe, Juliana Nnenna

¹Department of Agricultural Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana Ebonyi State South East Nigeria

²Department of Food Technology, Akanu Ibiam Federal Polytechnic, Unwana Ebonyi State South East Nigeria

Email: oe.chukwuma@gmail.com, vinoko43@gmail.com, juliananikpe@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Nutritional potentials of toasted Afzeliaafricana seed meal as feed ingredient on performance of broiler finishers was evaluated. The proximate Analysis and amino acid profiles of the toasted Afzeliaafricana were carried out and the seed meal was used to formulate four experimental diets at levels of 0%, 5%, 10% and 15% for treatments 1,2,3 and 4 respectively on a 35 day feeding trials. One hundred and twenty brooded four weeks old broiler chicks were assigned to each treatment diets at 30 broiler chicks per treatment and were replicated three times to 10 broilers per replicate in a completely randomized design. The proximate results indicated a moisture level of 6.2%, the crude protein content was 28.7%, crude fibre 5.3%, Ether Extractive 12.5%, Ash 2.9% and Nitrogen free extractive 50.6% on dry matter basis. The phytochemical components were Tannin 8.01%, saponins 5.4%, alkaloids 1.3%, flavonoids 11.8%, cardiac glycosides 2.4%, oxalate 8100mg/ 100g, phytate 0.157 % and no level of phenol recorded on dry matter basis indicating toxic levels of these components. The amino acid profiles revealed the presence of all the amino acids. The performance of the broilers showed a drop in the average final weight of the broilers by 2448.6g, 2073.33g, 1930g and 1477g for treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. The feed intakes were reduced to 181.3 g, 200 g, 154.67 g and 116.67 g per bird per day for treatments 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Average daily weight gain were 44.10, 33.41, 29.43 and 16.31 grams per day for broilers in treatments 1,2,3 and 4, respectively and the feed conversion rate decreased as the levels of the toasted Afzeliaafricana seed meal increased in the experimental diets. It was therefore concluded that Afzeliaafricana resulted to extensive deleterious effect on the broilers and suggests that it should not be used broilers’ diet unless further studies on the detoxification of the toxic phytochemical components were effected.

POTENTIAL ZIKA VIRUS VECTORS OF KAUGAMA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, JIGAWA STATE, NIGERIA

Ahmed, U.A.

Department of Biological Science,

Sule Lamido University, Kafin Hausa, Jigawa State, Nigeria          

Email: umaradamuahmed@gmail.com 

ABSTRACT

The Zika virus strain responsible for the outbreak in Brazil has been detected in Africa for the first time. This information will help African countries to re-evaluate their level of risk and adopt increase their levels of preparedness. These should include the study of potential vectors responsible for the disease. Identification of potential Zika virus vectors in Kaugama revealed the presence of five species of Aedes mosquito, Aedes furcifer 109 (19.46%), A. aegypti 92 (16.43%), A. africanus 132 (23.57%), A. albopictus 112 (20.00%) and A. taylori 115 (20.54%). Aedes africanus was the most abundant species encountered. Analysis of species abundance showed no significant difference (p>0.05). The abundance of the vectors was suggested to be due to large number of breeding places in the study area and probably improper mosquito control. Detection of Zika virus from the collected vectors is of great importance, serological detection of specific antibodies against Zika virus from the inhabitants is valuable tool to prove them as vectors and it is good to eradicate the potential vectors from the area.

Keywords: Kaugama, Potential, Species, Vectors, Zika virus

EBOLA EPIDEMICS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS ON ECONOMIC ACTIVITIES IN SIERRA LEONE AND LIBERIA

¹Esuga Folusho, Orebiyi, ²Taiwo Philip and ³Solomon, Funke

¹International Relation and Diplomacy Programme, Salem University, Lokoja

²Department of Political Science and International Relations

Southwestern University, Okun -Owa,

³International Relation and Diplomacy Programme, Salem University, Lokoja

ABSTRACT

From the earliest times to the present, epidemics have affected human history in myriad ways: demographically, culturally, politically, economically and biologically. Thus, humans have never known a time in history when epidemics did not loom large; this is as true today as it ever was   Meanwhile, the recent epidemic which hit West Africa as a whole is The Ebola epidemic, which began in Guinea in late 2013 and then spread to Liberia and Sierra Leone over the first six months of 2014, is by far the largest in history. The outbreak of the 2014 Ebola Virus Disease in West Africa has taken a devastating human toll. Although the outbreak originated in rural Guinea, it has hit hardest in Liberia and Sierra Leone, in part because it has reached urban areas in these two countries—a factor that distinguishes this outbreak from previous episodes elsewhere. It is against this background that the study examined   Impact of Ebola Epidemics on Economic Activities in Sierra Leone and Liberia

ASSESSMENT OF FARMERS RESPONSE TO AGRICULTURAL PROGRAMMES BROADCASTED IN RIMA RADIO SOKOTO

¹Ibrahim, K.K., ²Abubakar, B.Z., Umar,  I.W.

¹Department of Agricultural Education, Federal College of Education Kontagora.

²Department of Agricultural Extension & Rural Development, Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto

Email: kabir03611@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Radio is potentially a powerful means of information dissemination. It can provide general information about agriculture quickly and accurately to a large number of farmers and create awareness of extension’s production recommendation. The study was carried out to assess the response of farmers to agricultural programmes broadcast on Rima Radio Sokoto. A total of fifty farmers were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. The data collected were analysed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentage. Finding of the study reveals that Rima Radio is the most important source of agricultural information to farmers. Even though less time is allocated to these programmes, the farmers were observed to be benefiting from them. The study further reveals that various organizations such as Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Agriculturalist, producers of the programmes and the farmers were involve in sponsoring the programmes. Recommendations were made in the area of adequate provision of facilities to Rima Radio, and the broadcast should be free of charge.