A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF THE MIGRATION AND THE THIRD WORLD DEVELOPMENT

Onyishi Tony O. and Eme, Okechukwu .I.

Department of Public Administration and Local Government Studies

University of Nigeria, Nsukka

E-mail: aabaemego@yahoo.com and okechukwunncnt@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Migration is one of the important variables that affect development. Given a world organized into mutually exclusive national communities that views themselves as family-like bodies with a common ancestry and destiny, Inter-relocation is but a change of jurisdiction from one sovereign state to another; and should not be permanent. Both aspects of the process, emigration and immigration, therefore elicit considerable public concern and provoke political contention within and between between countries. Yet transnational human flows have received much less attention from analysts of international affairs than have trade or strategies interactions. This paper seeks to address these inadequacies. The paper starts by clarifying the major concepts in a thematic form. It goes on to use dependency framework to x-ray linkages, factors that induce migration among races and their impact. The paper concludes by positing that in the process of migration, the underdeveloped societies of the third world are the losers because of the exodus of their manpower.        

CONTENT OF SALVATION IN AFRICAN THEOLOGY


A CRITICAL APPRAISAL OF THE CONTENT OF SALVATION IN AFRICAN THEOLOGY

Abodunrin, Adeniyi Olufemi

Department of Religious Studies, College of Humanities

Joseph Ayo Babalola University, Ikeji Arakeji, Osun State

e-mail: femiabodunrin93@yahoo.com

 ABSTRACTS

 African church theology or “Theology African” the market is now flooded with article that try to define these terms, some people are even afraid that any of these terms connotes a pollution or syncretism of  theology as  they understand it in  the  western traditions of  the church. There are three main area of African theology today which sincludes written theology, oral theology, and symbolic theology. Written theology is the  privilege of a few  Christians who have had considerable education and who generally articulate their theological reflection  in articles and so far few books, mostly in  English, French, Germany  or another European languages .Oral theology is produced in the fields , by the  masses, through songs, sermons ,teachings, prayers, conversation ,e.g.  It is theology in the open air often unrecorded. Often heard only by small group and generally   lost to libraries   and seminaries. Symbolic theology is expressed through art, sculpture, drama,  symbol ritual, colors, number e t  c The  word ”syncretism ”has  become a bogey word, used to  frighten all who  would venture to do Christian theology in  the  context of the world views and religions, but is syncretism not  in fact a positive and  unavoidable process, Christian theology and practice have always interacted with the religion and philosophical  presuppositions  of the various periods .practice like the  observance  of Sunday, distributions of Easter eggs ,and the festival of the Nile in the medieval church are  instances of the acculturation of  Christianity .Evidence of this process is increasing  In African. African   theology   attempts to takes due   account of the African to whom the faith is addressed. It takes notes of African’s cultures, as a religion, and civilization. It advocates  the right  of African  to ponder on Christianity  and its truth in their own terms, All these  and  many  more  like theology of the  cross, concepts of  salvation, missionary theology, church and liberation, and  salvation as  a whole will  be examine  in this paper.


CIVIL SOCIETY AND THE CHALLENGES OF DEMOCRACTIC GOVERNANCE IN CONTEMPORARY AFRICA: THE CASE OF NIGERIA

Ajulor, Victor Omoniyi and Adejuwon, Kehinde David

Department of Public Administration

Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos State

ABSTRACT

That there is crisis of democratic governance in Africa is real and tangible. It is obvious and clear, even to the deaf and blind as it is to the common and uncommon Africans. The paper investigates the impact of civil society efforts at democratisation in Africa. It looks at the role of civil society in promoting good governance and argues that good governance is a cornerstone of reconstruction and sustainable development. The paper also gives a cursory look at the various arguments as to what constitute good governance and how civil society plays a role in ensuring its compliance.


COLLECTIVE CONSCIOUSNESS IN CONTEMPORARY NIGERIAN DRAMA: A STUDY OF FEMI OSOFISAN’S ONCE UPON FOUR ROBBERS AND RED IS THE FREEDOM ROAD

Moses Africa Adakonye and Rotimi Jegede

Department of Languages

Federal Polytechnic, Idah, Kogi State

ABSTRACT

Literature is one of the most potent forces for attaining a desirable and enviable society when all other ways have terminated.  It exposes, reflects and indeed magnifies the decadent under belly of any given society.  The artist as a moral eye of his society applies all form of strategies to denounce economic and socio-political vices and prescribes an alternative to the anomalous solution.  This paper examines Femi Osofisan’s “Once Upon Four Robbers” and “Red is the freedom Road” as the potent tool for building a better and humane society in this new era of “Re-branding” in Nigeria.  It concludes that the task of re-building a nation is a collective responsibility which every well-meaning Nigerian should be ready to shoulder in order for the country to be a better place for everybody.  

Keywords: Collective-strategy, nation-building, socio-political vices, collective-responsibility, change


Table of Contents

Facies Characterisation of Well A, Field Y, North-Eastern Niger Delta

M, E Okiotor and O.I Imasuen ……………………………………………                                 1 – 12

Economic Models for Software Security

Akwuwuma Veronica and Egwali Annie …………………………………                                 13 – 22

 

Application of Induced Polarization Method to Delineate
Sulphide Ore Deposit in Osina Area of Benue State, Nigeria

Olowofela J.A, Ajani O.O and Oladunjoye, M.A ……………………….                                   23 – 40

Efficiency in Health Care Delivery:  A Dea Analysis of Hospitals at
the Secondary Health Care Level in Plateau State, Nigeria
Davwar, Philemon Polycarp; Adelaiye, Peter O. and Nathan, Nachandiya ………….. 41 – 48

Cognitive Science: Integrative Perspective in Artificial

Intelligence and Human-Computer Interaction

Omidiora E. O., Ismaila W. O., Ajayi A. O1 and Ogundele L. A.………………….                  49 – 55

An Assessment of Some Anion Levels of River Gongola

in Adamawa State, Nigeria

O.N. Maitera, D. Y. Shinggu …………………………………………….                                   56 – 63

Performance of a Locally Designed Solar Water Heater

(Solar Water Kettle)

Sanusi Y. K. and Ajadi D.A. ……………………………………………..                                   64 – 70

Some Exact Solutions of Boundary Layer Flow in Porous Media-II

Basant K. Jha, and M.L. Kaurangini ……………………………………                                   71 – 75

Assessing the Performance of a Designed Constructed

Cheap Room Loop Antenna Operating At Vhf/Uhf Band

Yunusa, I.Y1, Yakub N1 and Hussaini, L2……………………………….                                    76 – 82

Heavy – Fermion Semiconductor Behaviour and Phase

Transition of Cecu2si2 in the Single Site Impurity Anderson Model

Omamoke Onorenyakpo Enaroseha1 and Edwin Igherighe2…………                                    83 – 90

Retrofitting Visual-Liquid-Flow-Laboratory Trainer for

Fluid-Mechanics Studies: a Bench-Scale-Project Innovation

George C. Oguejiofor, and Tochukwu O. Nwokeocha ………………                                    91 – 107

Saline Water Intrusion in the Coastal Areas of Ondo State, Nigeria

Adeyemi, J. F., Arubayi, J. B.,Oteri, A. U. and Ako, B. D. ……..                                          108 – 122

Formulation of Biphase Cleaning Agents and Their Cleaning

Effect on Oily Soiled Metal Substrates

Omuku P.; Onwumelu H.A. and Egwuatu, C.I. ………………………                                    123 – 132

Development of Superalloys for Next Generation Coal-Fired

Power Systems: Challenges and Opportunities

Oluwole, O.O. ……………………………………………………………                                    133 – 139

The Use of “Goto Function Block” and “Delay Function Block” in the

Design and Simulation of CDMA 2000 1 X RTT Physical Layer Radio

Configuration 3—Forward Fundamental Channel

Efuribe, Ezinna Lucky…………………………………………………………                              140-146


THE USE OF “GOTO FUNCTION BLOCK” AND “DELAY FUNCTION BLOCK” IN THE DESIGN AND SIMULATION OF CDMA 2000 1 X RTT PHYSICAL LAYER RADIO CONFIGURATION 3—FORWARD FUNDAMENTAL CHANNEL

Efuribe, Ezinna Lucky

Department of Physics

Michael Okpara University of Agriculture Umudike, Nigeria

efurumibeezinna@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

MATLAB is a technical language that can be used for a variety of studies in science. One of its toolboxes: “simulink” along with other toolboxes can be use in modeling a communication system. My research was mainly prompted by the problem of poor GSM services in our country, Nigeria. In the course of searching for a better alternative to the GSM technology, I discovered CDMA 2000 1x RTT. The evidences to show that CDMA 2000 1x RTT is a better technology than the GSM are contained in the comparisons (between some of the GSM’s and CDMA-one’s parameters), made by Qualcomm, an American-based Telecom. Company.  CDMA 2000 1x RTT is an improved version of CDMA-one (also known as IS-95). It was originally developed by Qualcomm. In order to portray (on the screen) the physical layer for the Forward Fundamental Channel-Radio Configuration 3 of CDMA 2000 1x RTT, I decided to use some already built functions in MATLAB 7.1 version to achieve this. Interactive blocks in the communication toolbox contained in the MATLAB software were used extensively in this modeling.  Results showing the performances of the system at various stages in the network were also obtained, using the Spectrum Scope and the Scatter Plot Display Blocks. Results obtained showed that if the transmitted signal was to be tapped at undue stages in the network, poor (unclear) signal will be received. A clear signal can only be received when measures have been put in place to counter the effect of signal distortion by noise and establishing a system that will perform direct opposite functions as those done by the transmitter subsystem and the encoder subsystem.

Keyword: Matlab, CDMA, Telecommunication


DEVELOPMENT OF SUPERALLOYS FOR NEXT GENERATION COAL-FIRED POWER SYSTEMS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

Oluwole, O.O.

Department of Mechanical Engineering

University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

e-mail:oluwoleo2@asme.org

ABSTRACT

The Federal Government’s 7-point agenda has as high priority, power generation to provide stable electricity supply for all sectors of the Nigerian community. Inability to manage properly the oil and gas sector, problems in the Niger delta and  vagaries in the oil and gas industry are serious signs of domestic energy crisis which if not well managed will spill into very deep social crisis in the near future. There is the mooted option of nuclear powered electricity generation which probably might be the best and cheapest for the country if issues like waste disposal and security are solved. This option though feasible needs long term planning because a huge chunk of our nuclear scientists and engineers have migrated to foreign lands. With this scenario, it is expedient for the country to look at combinations of power generation using fossil fuels, coal, and renewable energies. An important area which has not experienced any growth is coal powered electricity generation partly because of the mess from coal combustion, the obnoxious effluents, inefficiency of operation and the new found oil fields. While not oblivious of the effect of coal- powered plants contribution to global warming and acid rain, the US coal- fired power plants currently supply more than half that country’s energy needs while the Directorate of Energy (DOE) is pursuing clean coal initiative (CCPI), Future Gen and Vision 21 which are all programmes aimed at getting to near zero the carbon emissions in coal power generation. Nigeria needs to tap into this area of clean coal initiative. One of the major challenges in development of clean coal technology is in the area of materials technology for the development of boiler/steam turbine and Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) systems. For example, as the most critical component in the construction of boiler systems, the superheater tubes have to undergo the most severe service conditions and must meet stringent requirements with respect to fireside coal-ash corrosion/erosion, steamside oxidation and spallation, along with creep strength, thermal fatigue strength, and weldability.  This paper presents the challenges of developing novel superalloys for these systems and the methods being advanced to overcome the problems.

Keywords: clean -coal -technology; superalloys-development; challenges;opportunities


FORMULATION OF BIPHASE CLEANING AGENTS AND THEIR CLEANING EFFECT ON OILY SOILED METAL SUBSTRATES

Omuku P.; Onwumelu H.A. and Egwuatu, C.I.

Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry

Nnamdi Azikwie University, Awka, Nigeria

E-mail: patrickemm@yahoo.co.uk

ABSTRACT

Castor oil and olive oil (vegetable oil) used in the preparation of the soda soaps in this investigation were bought from Onitsha main market, Anambra  state of Nigeria, while the soya bean oil was extracted from the soya bean seed.  Ternary diagram was utilized in the determination   of the various compositions of the biphase mixture (soap solution, kerosene and water) for the preparation of the biphase cleaning agents.  The rating of the cleaning performance of the biphase cleaning agents formulated from the different vegetable oil soda soaps were examined via a three-member panel.  Their judgement showed that castor oil had the best cleaning performance rating of 73% on the oily soiled metal surface.  The trend observed in their cleaning performance capacity was castor oil>olive oil>soya bean oil.  The solution of the soap alone could not effectively clean the oily soiled metal surfaces but the mixture of soap solution, kerosene and water performed  the magic of not only effectively cleaning.  The soiled metal substrates but did so with ease. The castor oil had the largest area of immiscibility of 220mm2 while 148mm2 and 156mm2 were associated with olive oil and soya bean oil respectively.  The best cleaning performance of the biphase mixture was observed with compositions, 40% soap solution, 40% kerosene and 20% water.  This showed that the less the composition of water with a greater percentage of kerosene the more enhanced the cleaning capacity of the biphase mixture.  For a more effective and easy way of cleaning  oily  soiled metal substrates, a biphase mixture of soap solution, kerosene and water in the ratio of 2:2:1 may do the wonder.

KEYWORDS: biphase, immiscibility, oil, ternary diagram, mixture


SALINE WATER INTRUSION IN THE COASTAL AREAS OF ONDO STATE, NIGERIA

1Adeyemi, J. F., 2Arubayi, J. B., 3Oteri, A. U. and 4Ako, B. D.

2Department of Physics, Federal University of Petroleum Resources, Effurun

1Department of Physics, Obafemi Awolowo University lIe-Ife

4Department of Geology, Obafemi Awolowo University, IIe-Ife

ABSTRACT

Saline water intrusion occurs in virtually all coastal aquifers when they are in hydraulic continuity with seawater. In continuation of  efforts to supply the communities of the coastal areas of Ondo State in Nigeria with reliable freshwater, the Ondo State government through the Ondo State Oil Producing Area Development Commission, decided to drill water boreholes in Asisa, Zion-Pepe and Ajapa in Ilaje and Ese-Odo local government areas of the State. Zion Pepe rests on a sand beach ridge; Ajapa and Asisa are on clays. Saline water intrusion is known to occur in surrounding communities. This study is meant to delineate the fresh water aquifers in the three coastal communities. VES 1 in Asisa was located on the coast within the brackish/saline surface water zone, and VES 2 at Asisa­-Zion is on an area with fresh water vegetation. The very low resistivity value of the surficial clay at both VES stations at Asisa and Asisa-Zion masked the sands below. Using the S-rule method of interpretation, fresh water sand is likely at depths greater than 154 m. It was recommended that a borehole be drilled to a depth of 300 m at Asisa Zion. In Zion Pepe, a deep fresh water aquifer mapped at a depth of 152 m was recommended. The borehole should be logged and screened at the fresh water interval identified from the borehole geophysical logs. In Ajapa, the space available for geophysics coupled with the screening effect of the low resistivity upper layers did not allow mapping of the deeper layers. However the data obtained indicate the occurrence of a fresh water-bearing aquifer underlying the clays and saline water sands. Ajapa is quite close to Bolowo Zion and from the results obtained at Bolowo the drilling of a borehole at VES 1 was recommended, to a depth of 200m. Nigeria has a long coastline which borders eights States, greater attention should be given to pre-drilling geophysical investigation for fresh water aquifer.

Key words: Saline water intrusion; Potable water; geoelectric layer.


RETROFITTING VISUAL-LIQUID-FLOW-LABORATORY TRAINER FOR FLUID-MECHANICS STUDIES: A BENCH-SCALE-PROJECT INNOVATION.

George C. Oguejiofor, and Tochukwu O. Nwokeocha

Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka.

E-mail: oguejioforg@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The strive towards teaching equipment sufficiency in the Faculty of Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka,Nigeria motivated the retrofitting of the viable teaching equipment constructed by engineering students. In this paper, the visual-liquid-flow-laboratory trainer is described. Also, the teaching capabilities of the various components of the test-pipe of the trainer are carefully reviewed with regard to fluid-mechanics phenomena. Retrofitting is the main focus of this paper. The velocity-head and equivalent-diameter approaches are available for the retrofit-design calculations. This work employs the velocity-head approach as the computations will show. Based on the estimations, the equipment is retrofitted with electric-driven pump and tank. It is piped according to the retrofit scheme and piping arrangement. Also, it is wired and painted. Finally, it is leak-tested and commissioned. The costs of the materials used for the retrofitting of the equipment are accumulated and shown in this report. Interestingly, this retrofitting work proved to be a self-help and inward-looking innovation at the bench-scale level. It is hoped that when deployed for teaching, the bench-scale trainer will enhance practical-pedagogic value.

Keywords: bench-scale level, design estimations, fluid-mechanics phenomena, pedagogic capabilities,                retrofitting, velocity-head approach.


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