ANTIBIOGRAM OF BACTERIAL ISOLATES ASSOCIATED REPRODUCTIVE ABNORMALITIES IN SHEEP IN GWAGWALADA–FCT, NIGERIA

*Olabode, H O.K 1; Mailafia, S1; Adah, B.M.J1; Nyambee, P2. and Bello. R.H.3

1Department of Veterinary Microbiology, University of Abuja, Nigeria

2Federal College of Veterinary and Medical Laboratory Technology, National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom

3Department of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Programme, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi

E-mail:olabodeok@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

A survey of bacterial isolates associated with reproductive anomalies was conducted in slaughtered ewes in Gwagwalada abattoir in order to establish infection occurrence and design adequate antibiotic intervention strategy. A multistage convenient random sampling was employed over a three months study period (March – May, 2011). Out of one hundred and nine (109) ewes examined during meat inspection forty-one (41) showed various forms of reproductive defeats. Collected swab cultures indicated twenty-two (22) had microbial growths which on identification and biochemical characterization revealed Escherichia coli,Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, Proteus mirabilis, and Pseudomonas aeroginosa. Antibiotic sensitivity testing using standard disc diffusion technique against Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Erythromycin, Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin and Tetracycline showed that Ciproflaxin, Erythromycin and Gentamycin were the most sensitive while the isolates were resistant to Tetracycline. Amoxicillin and Ampicillin showed variable intermediate effects on the isolate. The overall susceptibility showed 68.2% isolates were sensitive and 31.8 % resistance to the antibiotics, which was statistical significance analysis (P<0.05) by chi square analysis. The age and breed of ewe also showed significant association with the occurrence of reproductive disorders, as yankasa breed (70.7%) within the age 13-36 months were most commonly affected. In conclusion, this study provides preliminary information on the bacterial agents associated with reproductive disorders in ewes with corresponding susceptibility pattern. In addition, Nutrient agar is a potential substitute to Mueller Hinton agar. It is suggested that routine bacteriological examination and antibiotic susceptibility testing, in conjunction with mycological investigation is necessary in order to guide against misuse of unwarranted drugs.  

Key words: Antibiogram, bacterial isolates, reproductive abnormalities, ewe, Gwagwalada, Nigeria


FISH DISEASES SYMPTOMS AS OBSERVED BY FISH FARMERS IN OGBIA AND YENAGOA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREAS OF BAYELSA STATE, NIGERIA

Adeyemo, A.O

Department of Fisheries Technology

Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Yenagoa, Bayelsa State, Nigeria

E.mail: text2abiodun@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Many fish diseases do not attract attention of many people dealing with fish, because in nature sick animals are quickly removed from the population by predation. Fish disease data are almost not available in most developing countries like Nigeria. It is therefore pertinent to start somewhere, since disease conditions in fish are of public health importance. A survey of this perception was carried out among fish farmers in Ogbia and Yenagoa Local Government Area of Bayelsa state, Nigeria. Questionnaires and individual interview were employed to gather the information. The statistical analysis was   based on the sixty- six respondents acknowledged during the survey.  Simple means and percentages were used to describe the responses. It was found that 89.39% of the respondents were aware of signs and disease symptoms in fish but 57.63 % did not consider the occurrence as serious problem to production while 42.37% felt fish diseases are impediment to production. The disease symptoms as observed among the respondents in percentages were: Grey colourings on the body of  fish(9.71%), Short body( 4.85%), Weak swimming (8.74%), Blindness (2.91%), Fin Lesions (16.50%), Big head (14.56%), Hole in the Body (4.85%), Blood spots/Haemorrhages on the body (18.44%), Swollen stomach(8.74%)and Stunted growth (4.85%).  The Majority of the respondents (85%) are subsistence fish farmers while 15% were commercial fish farmers. The range of the years of experience was between 3-50years of working in the Freshwater environment. There is need to establish a data base for fish diseases, assess  risk, provide information and training to public on how to deal with disease situations

Key words: Fish disease, Fish Farmers, Public health, Awareness


QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF COOKIES PRODUCED FROM COMPOSITE FLOURS OF CASSAVA AND CUCURBITA MIXTA SEED

*1Falola, A.O; 2Olatidoye, O.P, 1Balogun, I.O, 1Opeifa, A.O

1Department of Food Technology, Yaba College of Technology, Yaba, Lagos

2Department of Food Science and Technology, Igbinedion University Okada, Nigeria

E-mail address: arinlinks@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The use of cucurbita mixta flour substitution in cassava flour from 5 to 30% each for the production of cassava-cucurbita mixta (CCM) cookies was evaluated for proximate, functional and consumer acceptability.  Fresh samples of cucurbita mixta were sorted and dried at 600C for 6hrs to produce six blends with cassava flour baked to produce cookies.  Data obtained showed that protein, ash content and gross energy increased with increased proportion of cucurbita mixta seed flour.  The protein content of the resulting cookies increased significantly from 2.10-20.05% with a corresponding decrease in the carbohydrate content from 82-55.10% and swelling power from 2.20-1.57%, water absorption capacity 2.30-1.85, bulk density 0.79-0.60 while foam stability increased from 8.60 to 13.08. The ash content increased with progressive increase in the proportion of cucurbita mixta flour, the highest value (5.40%) was recorded for the 30% cookies. At 20% level of substitution with cucurbita mixta flour, there was no noticeable difference in the organoleptic qualities of the composite product and that obtained from pure cassava flour alone. Apart from adding value and varieties to cookies, the data obtained clearly show the nutritional potentials of cucurbita mixta as alternative food ingredient for protein fortification and a good source of amino acids for children and adult which will reduce problem of food security among where malnutrition due to protein deficiency is prevalent.

Keywords: Cassava flour, cucurbita mixta seed flour, cookies, physicochemical analysis


Table of Contents

Affixes in English Language and ỤkwỤani Language: A Contrastive Study

Oghiator, Florence Etuwe…………………………………………………………………………………       1-10

Les Tendances Litteraires Dans Les Valeurs Culturelles Africaines

Uruentsone O.Lucky……………………………………………………………………………………….        11-16

Christ Apostolic Church and Healthcare Delivery in Southwestern Nigeria with Reference to Divine Healing in the 80s And 90s

Ogunrinade, Adewale O.…………………………………………………………………………………           17-26

Adotse an Icon of Hope: A Study of Richard Masagbor’slabyrinths of a Beauty

Clement Chukwuka Idegwu…………………………………………………………………………..                    27-36

Women’s Religious Experience in Nigerian Christianity: A Case Study of Primate (Mrs) E. O. Babayemi of Jerusalem Church of the Lord International (JCLI)

Adesanya, Ibiyinka Olusola………………………………………………………………………………       37-44

Contextualizing the Gifts of the Spirit in I Corinthians 12

David T. Ejenobo…………………………………………………………………………………………….       45-57

Stylistic Features of African Oral Narration in some Selected Works of

Contemporary African Writers: The Linguistic Implications

Asika, Ikechukwu Emmanuel ……………………………………………………………………………..       58-70

Nigeria and Ecowas in the Light of Current Happenings

George Obuoforibo …………………………………………………………………………………………      71-84

A Morphological Analysis of Awka Personal Names

Ifeoma Udoye and Ofoegbu Cyril…………………………………………………………………..      ….       85-89

The Forgotten Treasures of the Church in the Nigerian Experience: a

Retrospective Analysis of Women’s Involvement in Church Development

Taiye aluko…………………………………………………………………………………………………….        90-100


THE FORGOTTEN TREASURES OF THE CHURCH IN THE NIGERIAN EXPERIENCE: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF WOMEN’S INVOLVEMENT IN CHURCH DEVELOPMENT

Taiye aluko

Department of Religious Studies,

Nasarawa State University, Nasarawa, Nigeria

E-mail:Tabaluko@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

In our understanding of the history of the church as it has been severally recorded and recounted, prominence and preference has been given to men more that the women in the order of events within the church as witnessed in the Nigerian situation. Women’s issue and involvement are often treated as irrelevant and where they are mentioned, they are always in the shadow of the men who have the dominating capability within the existing structure. Against this background, the paper aims at reviewing the church’s dominant posture thus bringing to light the women’s relative involvement in her developmental struggles. By this, we shall be bringing to light the various involvements of women as in evangelism, teaching, nursing which were the inherent contributions that early women gave in the history and development of the church when it began in the Nigerian experience. Sequel in this respect too, we shall also bring to bear the distinctive features in women’s remarkable act in guiding and directing church development as they have done severally in the past and subsequently we shall draw our conclusion which will inculcate a charge for women to walk in the light of the new demands. We shall attempt an evaluative approach in the course of the research thus assessing proceeding from the perspective that the 21st century event has afforded us evidence in assessing the recent development of women in the society as a whole. Key Words: Forgotten Treasures, Women’s Involvement, and Church Development


Ifeoma Udoye and Ofoegbu Cyril

Department of English

Anambra State University, Uli, Nigeria

i.udoye@yahoo.com ; ofoegbucyril@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This investigation focuses on Awka personal names. It tries to make morphological analysis to find out rules involved in name formation. We focused on names belonging to Almighty God ‘chukwu’. Despite many works in Igbo culture and language, this field of morphological study has never been looked at within the framework of Awka hence the need for this study. Findings show that generally Awka names in relation to ‘Chukwu’ are highly productive except in some cases. The paper also suggests a further research in other aspects of Awka anthroponyms.


NIGERIA AND ECOWAS IN THE LIGHT OF CURRENT HAPPENINGS

George Obuoforibo

Department of Political and Administrative Studies

University of Port Harcourt, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

From its very inception as a sovereign nation economic integration as a basis of enhancing functional co-operation among the nations of West Africa has been a cardinal principle of Nigeria’s ECOWAS policy hence the formation of economic unions with West African countries in the first Republic under Abubakar Tafawa Balewa administration. The rational behind Nigeria’s avoyed stand on West Africa is based on its realization that its security interests are intertwined with its neighbours in the sub-region. Playing a leadership role in West Africa gives her an advantage in doing same at the continental as well as the global level. However, among other recent issues, the role of South Africa in trying to undermine Nigeria’s role in the Ivorian crisis is an eye opener to Nigeria’s leadership that there is the need to externalize domestic priorities. Therefore, President Goodluck Jonathan administration’s new focus on Nigerian Foreign Policy which hinges on economic diplomacy is a welcome development.


STYLISTIC FEATURES OF AFRICAN ORAL NARRATION IN SOME SELECTED WORKS OF CONTEMPORARY AFRICAN WRITERS: THE LINGUISTIC IMPLICATIONS

Asika, Ikechukwu Emmanuel

Department of English

Anambra State University, Igbariam Campus

Email: excellency4life@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

African literature is a literature of mixed voices, ethnic projections and diversified cultural reaffirmation. This is expected from a continent of multiple culture, ethnic groups, world views and languages. The advent of colonialism did not efface this problem of a collective language, for each country on the African continent laboured much to hold on to the language of their colonizers. Now we have the Francophone, Lusophone, and Anglophone writers among others. But in all these, suffice it to say that the English language is a more appreciable language of literature than any of these other languages. It has become the accepted official language of some West Africa countries. For African writers to express themselves in all clarity to a wider audience they resorted to the use of this world language but not in a way to suit the European taste and jeopardize the African taste, and yearnings. Chinweizu et al, called for the decolonization of African literature. Many African writers responded to this call. This paper examined the use of these stylistic features of African oral narration that give uniqueness, identity, as well as authenticity to Africa literature in some selected works of African writers. How these writers flexed, bent, twisted and manipulated the English language to achieve a unique African voice and decolonize their literary creation; its relevance to the African people and the obvious linguistic implications are the major concern of this study.   


CONTEXTUALIZING THE GIFTS OF THE SPIRIT IN I CORINTHIANS 12

Category : Uncategorized

David T. Ejenobo

Department of Religious Studies and Philosophy

Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

The major controversy between the orthodox and evangelical Churches and the Pentecostal and neo-Pentecostal Churches today revolve around the gifts of the Holy Spirit.  The question that has defied unified answer is: how should the gifts of the Holy Spirit be understood, possessed and displayed in the Church of God? While the Pentecostal and neo-Pentecostal churches believe that the gifts of the Holy Spirit should be displayed publicly by all Christians, particularly the gift of speaking in tongues, it is the contention of those in the mainline orthodox evangelical churches that the gifts of the Holy Spirit are for the private possession and utilization of every Christian.  Thus the public display of gifts of the Holy Spirit, particularly that of speaking in tongues in public places of worship ought and should be condemned by the Church. It is against this background that this study is undertaken.  The hue and cry over the actual gifts of the Holy Spirit, as against those that are faked by some Christians has been a matter of concern in the midst of the proliferation of Churches all over Nigeria.  Sometimes it is disturbing to see the hypocritical display of actions which are attributed to the gifts of the Holy Spirit in the Church by some notable Christians.  This has led to the disintegration of several churches and thus the emergence of new ones.  Using the textual analytical method, this paper critically examined I Corinthians 12 and came to the conclusion that the Church in Nigerian must be careful so that the use of the gifts of the Spirit does not lead to further disintegration and disunity.

Key Words: Gifts, Spirit, Body


ADOTSE AN ICON OF HOPE: A STUDY OF RICHARD MASAGBOR’SLABYRINTHS OF A BEAUTY

Category : Uncategorized

Clement Chukwuka Idegwu

Department of English

College of Education, Agbor, Delta State

Email: idegwucc@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This article is an attempt to show Masagbor’s exploration of “the vagaries of human life,” (Idegwu, 2009), and how Adotse for instance, is a correspondence between the form and meaning of the virtues which are needed in human life to over come, and win the battles of life. It is also an attempt to explore, and explain how people in power in the various realms of life create myths around their persons and office, to intimidate, and force their subject to remain cowed forever. This paper looks at the challenges the oppressed face, and shows that the possession of virtues such as courage, hope, the power to persist and remain focus or consistent are what the oppressed need to liberate themselves. Hence, the iconicity of Adotse, who personifies these virtues.


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