Table of contents

Abandoned Buildings Cooperative Landlords: An all Profitable Panacea to Landed

 Property Abandonment.

Akindele O. A, and Adedibu A. A ………………………………………………………………………………………………            1- 12

Sustainable Urban Water Supply: An Indispensable Programme toward Realizing the Target 7 of the Millennium Development Goals in Nigeria

B.S. Waziri………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………              13-20

Geographical Information System Approach to Urban Reform:

A Case Study of Makwalla Area of bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria

Akinbileje, B. Frederick, Ibochi, Andrew Abah and Shehu M. Kardam…………………………………                21-30

Application of Organic and Inorganic Petroleum Geochemistry in Exploration and

 Exploitation of a Prolific Basin: A General Review

Y. B. Mohammed, H, Hamza and U. A. Danbatta…………………………………………….………………………             31-44

Assessment of Time Line Performance of Building Projects in Nigeria

Kunya Sani Usman and Lawal, Abdulkadir Babale ………………..………………………………………..                45-56

Assessment of the Strength and Coin Values of Some Selected Nigeria Metallic Coins

Wuritka, Enoch Gotring ……………………………………………………………….…………………………………             57-87         

ASSESSMENT OF THE STRENGTH AND COIN VALUES OF SOME SELECTED NIGERIA METALLIC COINS

Wuritka, Enoch Gotring

Department of Industrial Design

Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi.

Email- wuritka.enoch@yahoo.co.uk

ABSTRACT
The purpose of the study was to provide assess a complete guide, via slating the criteria to be use as guide for authorities that guarantee coin contents. This material is specially written for guidance leading to standard coin design. The rigorous assessment was  undertaken to demonstrate integral reasons for the rejection of the Nigerian coins by her collectors, following the issuance of the 50 Kobo 1 Naira and 2 Naira coins on the 28th February 2007 by the Central bank of Nigeria. This research work goes through all the criteria, necessary to pin point the major factors accompanying the coins’ present status. Considerably, the qualities and strength of a coin determines its face-value that determines its gross-value, and the magnitude of the gap between the two values, determines its standard. This reason has attracted a number of tests to accomplish this research for proper comprehension of the rejection. Qualitative analysis test, metallographic tests, strength calculation; design analysis, durability test (corrosion test), coin valuation and the immediate assessment of responses to interviews, are well known to those acquainted to coin design activities. Several finding the coin rejection was known to be encouraged by the banking industry as well as the sub-standard ness of the coins, with the exception of the 50 Kobo coin which was ailed to pass all tests carried out.

ASSESSMENT OF TIME LINE PERFORMANCE OF BUILDING PROJECTS IN NIGERIA

Kunya Sani Usman¹ and Lawal, Abdulkadir Babale²

Building Programme, ATBU, Bauchi

Department of Quantity Surveying, Nuhu Bamalli Polytechnic, Zaria

 abdumi@gmail.com/snkunya@gmail.com

ABSRACT

Construction time line has been acknowledged as important performance criteria for measuring success across building projects. Delays are treating in construction industry, its magnitude being varied considerably from project to project. The aim of this research work was to assess the factors affecting time line performance of building projects in Nigeria and ways for improving them. To achieve this, data for the study was collected through a structured questionnaire survey which investigated construction professionals working in clients, consultants and contracting organizations to assess the effects of identified factors affecting time performance of building projects. In order to achieve the objectives, an extensive literature review was carried out. Thirty-six (36) factors that are likely to affect time performance were identified. Data collected were analyzed using relative importance index.  Findings of the study revealed that ten (10) key factors as having stronger effect on the time performance of building project out of the thirty-six (36) different factors identified from reviewed literatures. Factors having critical effect on time performance of building projects among others includes ineffective planning and scheduling of project by contractors, change order by owners during construction and late in revising and approving design documents by owners, improper construction methods used by contractors. To improve the time performance of building projects, effective planning, progress payments, minimizing change orders and early review and approval of designs should be considered by clients, consultants and contractors.

Keywords: Building projects, delays, time performance

APPLICATION OF ORGANIC AND INORGANIC PETROLEUM GEOCHEMISTRY IN EXPLORATION AND EXPLOITATION OF A PROLIFIC BASIN: A GENERAL REVIEW

Y. B. Mohammed¹, H, Hamza² and U. A. Danbatta²

¹Department of Geology, University of Maiduguri, Maiduguri, Nigeria

²Department of Geology, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

This paper overviews organic and inorganic petroleum geochemical methods from some selected prolific basins for exploration and exploitation. The geochemical parameters includes: Carbon Preference Index (CPI) whose value is influenced by the type of organic matter and maturity. Biomarker indicator of oxicity and anoxia which basically determines the environmental conditions of deposition of a source rock and perhaps most especially the degree of oxygenation using these parameters such as: Pr/Ph ratio; triesnorneohopane versus (triesnorneohopane + triesnorhopane)TS/TS + TM) ratio; steranes as maturity indicator; C₂₇: C₂₈: C₂₉ regular steranes and saturated hydrocarbons (SHC), aromatic hydrocarbons (AHC) and Nitrogen, Sulphur and Oxygen (N,S,O) and Soluble Organic Matter (SOM). Trace elements geochemistry of transition metals is also very useful in crude oil characterization especially in oil- oil correlation. Ratios of transition metals, particularly V/Ni, V/Ni+V, Co/Ni and Fe/V are use for determination of maturity level of source rocks and source input of organic matter type.

Keywords: Organic, inorganic, petroleum, exploration and exploitation.

GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM APPROACH TO URBAN REFORM:

A CASE STUDY OF MAKWALLA AREA OF BAUCHI, BAUCHI STATE, NIGERIA

Akinbileje, B. Frederick, Ibochi, Andrew Abah and Shehu M. Kardam

Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics

Federal Polytechnic, Bauchi

e-mail: fbolakinbileje@yahoo.com, andrewabah4real@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The associated impacts of the dynamic and complexity of urbanization on the environment is much destructive to our safe living in so much that urgent proactive measure is highly desired if we are to   preserve sustainable environment. This paper investigates violations to environmental standards and bylaws in Makwalla Area of Bauchi, Bauchi State, Nigeria using Geographical Information System technique and classical surveying methods. The data generated were manipulated and analyzed in ArcGIS 9.2 version environment. The analyzed and processed data were employed for the creation of a comprehensive database and the topographic map of the study area which can be very useful to Urban Planners, Environmentalists, estate developers and other stakeholders in order to successfully accomplish the laudable task of urban reform in Nigeria. The results of this study revealed gross violations to international standards for environmental practices and habitation (shelter) developmental standards, as highlighted in this paper. In view of the adverse effects of these violations on the environment and its health related impacts on human lives, it is recommended that stakeholders’ participation, capacity building and development, technical framework; legal framework must be taken into consideration in order to ensure the success of the envisaged urban reform program.Keywords: Urbanization, Violation, Geographical Information System, Urban reform,

TOWARD REALIZING THE TARGET 7 OF THE MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN NIGERIA

B.S. Waziri

Department of Civil and Water Resources Engineering

University of Maiduguri, Nigeria

Email: shehuwaziri@yahoo.co.uk

ABSTRACT

Access to safe drinking water and adequate sanitation are part of the Millennium Development Goals of reducing poverty by the year 2015. Existing literatures have revealed that large population of the world have a low level of access to safe water. Several reports have also indicated that Africa is the region that suffers most from this lack of access to sustainable water supply. The paper explored the importance of sustainable urban water supply toward realising the target 7 of the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) by the target date of 2015. From the results of the case study the supply from functioning boreholes was found to be inadequate based on the guidelines of the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Reference Centre for Community Water Supply. This further indicated that unless serious measures are undertaken by concerned authorities in ensuring sustainable water supply, realizing the MDGs would be a difficult task.

ABANDONED BUILDINGS COOPERATIVE LANDLORDS: AN ALL PROFITABLE PANACEA TO LANDED PROPERTY ABANDONMENT.

Akindele O. A, and Adedibu A. A

Department of Urban and Regional Planning,

Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State Nigeria

E-mail: remiakinakindele@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT.

The study appraises the incidence, the intra-urban spatial pattern of landed property abandonment; based on the ecological zoning of high medium and low residential densities. Useful lessons from the developed world about abandoned landed property abatement were examined as well as the feasible prospect of abandoned landed property.  The cities under study were divided into urban blocks. Ten percent (10%) of the urban blocks in each city was sampled where abandoned landed properties were directly enumerated. A questionnaire was also administered to 637 respondents using multi-stage sampling approach. The Nearest Neighbor Analysis was used to explain the spatial pattern of abandonment while t-test, chi-square and ANOVA were used as appropriate to compare the incidence of landed property abandonment between and among cities, locations and residential zones. It was observed that there is a high incidence of landed property abandonment generally but are higher at the medium residential density areas. The abandoned landed properties were observed to be clustering where they are found. In absolute terms, there are more abandoned landed properties in Ogbomoso compared to Osogbo. The study thus recommends a cooperative method reminiscent of a TIL program (used in America); but tempered with socio-economic and cultural values of the Nigerian environment, so that the feasible prospect of gains that the waste of abandoned landed property has the ability to yield under certain circumstances may be achieved.

Keywords: Abandoned landed Property, Cooperative Landlords