PHYSICOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS OF STARCH EXTRACTED FROM SEEDS OF Faidherbia albida

Malami Shuaibu and Thompson Izuagie

Department of Natural Sciences

The Polytechnic of Sokoto State, Sokoto

Email: oshiobugie2007@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This paper examines the physicochemical properties of starch extracted from seeds of Faidherbia albida collected form different locations within Sokoto metropolis. After extraction by hot water method, the starch was subjected to physicochemical analysis. The results of the analysis showed that the starch yield was 39.2% while the starch pH was 7.2. Also, the moisture content, ash content, starch protein, starch lipid, and amylose content of the starch were 7.3%, 0.02%, 0.72%, 0.27% and 26.7% respectively. Equally, the results showed that the swelling power, solubility and extent of amylose leaching were 10.7g/g, 2.9% and 5.9% respectively. Thus, the study concludes that F. albida starch may require some modifications in order to serve as a raw material for industrial products.

 Key words: Faidherbia albida, Starch, extraction, amylose

RICE HUSK AS A POTENTIAL SOURCE OF HIGH TECHNOLOGICAL RAW MATERIALS: A REVIEW

¹Omatola K.M and ²Onojah, A.D.

¹Department of Physics, Kogi State University, Anyigba

²Department of Physics,University of Agriculture, Makurdi

E-mail; komatola@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The potentiality of rice husk as a good source of high technological materials is the subject of this research. Every year approximately 600 million tones of paddy are produced globally. This gives around 120 million tones of rice husk (RH) and 21 million tones of rice husk ash (RHA) annually. Major four uses of rice husk ash are in the steel, cement, refractory bricks and semiconductor industry. Besides these, it can be utilized in several other applications. In this literature review we have observed a preliminary analysis of the numerous reported utilization of rice husk. The use of rice husk for electricity generation in efficient manner is likely to transform this agricultural waste into a valuable fuel for industries and thus might help in boosting the farm economy and rural development and at the same time, waste disposal of rice husk is addressed while generation of employment will become possible as amorphous silica production from rice husks ashes will be formalized.

Keywords: rice husk, rice husk ash, industrial utilization, temperature, economic savings.

INVESTIGATION OF THE MIXTURE OF USED ENGINE OIL AND KEROSINE AS AN ALTERNATIVE SOURCE OF FUEL

¹Ibrahim, G., Hassan, M. and Yunusa, I. Y.

¹ Department of Physics, University of Maiduguri, Borno State.

Email: garbaibrahim2001@yahoo.co.uk

ABSTRACT

Domestic fuel like kerosene has become an expensive commodity today for use as fuel energy, but used Engine oil is more available than kerosine. Therefore, a mixture of used engine oil and kerosene at various ratios were subjected to an experimental test in order to determine their physical properties. This is to ascertain the viability of the mixture as domestic fuel. This paper will present some preliminary results of the ratio 1:4 mixture which indicates its efficiency over 1:5 and 1:6 ratio.

Keyword:  Used Engine oil and Kerosine.

ANTIMICROBIAL EFFECT OF ROOT EXTRACTS OF AFRICAN PEACH (SARCOCEPHALUS ESCULENTUS AFZEL) ON SOME HUMAN PATHOGENS

Okoro, I.S.

Department of Chemistry

 University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State, Nigeria

E-mail: ijdivinefavour1@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The roots extract of Sarcocephalus esculentus (African peach) was tested on some human pathogens; Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi, Kleibsiella pneumonia, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the bacteria isolates used. The organic solvents used for the extraction of active mycolides of the medicinal plant root were, ethanol, chloroform, methanol and petroleum ether.  S. typhi, K. pneumonia and S. aureus, showed a high sensitivity to root extracts of S. esculentus, while E. coli and P. aeruginosa were resistant to all the extracts. The minimum inhibitory concentration value of the extracts on the organisms ranged between 0.0625-0.125mg/ml for S. typhi and 0.125-0.5mg/ml for K. pneumonia, and 0.125mg/ml for S. aureus. The solvent type of extract, concentrations of the root extracts and the organisms were factors that affected the antimicrobial activity.

Keywords.  Antmicrobial, human pathogens, mycolide, medicinal plant.

r- PERMUTATION AND r-COMBINATION TECHNIQUES FOR k-INCLUSION CONDITION

¹Mark. Laisin, O.C. Okoli , R. Ujumadu and N. Nsiegbe

¹Department of Mathematics/ Statistics, Anambra State University, Uli, Anambra State

E-mail: laisinmark@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

In this work, we studied the r-permutation and r-combination of a set of n distinct elements such that a fixed group k of elements (k n) must be in each permutation or combination. For the purpose of simplicity in solving problems of this nature, we derived a generalized formula for obtaining the solution to such problems.

         KEY WORDS AND PHRASES.  r- permutation, r-combination, k- inclusion.

CONSTRUCTION OF ANY ANGLE FROM 10 TO 3600 WITHOUT BISECTION (’Lagsamladem Method)

Olagunju, Sam Olu and Olademo, J.O. Ani

Department of Mathematics

Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo

ABSTRACT

Short cut in constructing angles from  to  as new development is having the capacities, such that if carefully and effectively used in our schools and colleges will go a very long way to improve the teaching/leaning of the topic and enable students perform better in mathematics in both internal and external examinations. We still need to use ruler and a pair of compasses only, as usually directed by examination bodies, though with few of the old ideas, but totally side-tract the ideas of bisecting some noted angles in order to obtain others .The fact that if you do not construct some angles and then bisect them you can not get the required ones and that only few angles can be constructed are totally erased. In this method, all angles are taking care of in the same way (equality for all angles constructions). Some angles with their diagrams are used as examples to demonstrate the method.

Keywords: Construction, Angles, Bisecting, Ruler, Pair of Compasses.

SMALL AND MEDIUM SCALE ENTERPRISES (SMEs): A PANACEA FOR ECONOMIC GROWTH IN NIGERIA

Rasak Bamidele

Department of Sociology and Psychology

Fountain University, Osogbo,Osun State

ABSTRACT

The emergence of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) is a major catalyst and a key success factor for the development, growth and sustenance of the Nigerian economy. Most government and business circles have come to recognize the importance of small and  medium scale enterprises (SMEs) and have consequently agreed that their growth constitutes one of the corner stones of economic developmen., It is on the basis of this that the study of financing of small and medium scale enterprises (SMEs) in Amuwo Odofin Local Government of Lagos state  is being embarked upon. The study also examines how government and other agencies finance SMEs in Amuwo Odofin Local Government area of Lagos State.. The study was guided by network theory. The major concern of the theory is the objective pattern of ties linking the agencies, individual and group of the society. The agencies in this study include banks, cooperative societies, and government, among others.Quatitative and qualitative method was used to collect data for the study. Fifty(50) samples of respondents were selected from the Local Government Area. The data gathered was analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequency distribution, while the  qualitative data was subjected to content and descriptive analysis.

Key words: Small and Medium Scale Enterprises, micro and macro structures, agencies and Economy development.

PRICE LEVEL CHANGES AND FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING MEASUREMENT: EMPIRICAL EVIDENCES FROM NIGERIA

Prince Kennedy Modugu; Chinwuba Okafor and Ohonba Nosa

Department of Accounting

University of Benin, Benin City

ABSTRACT

This study discusses the impact of price level changes on financial accounting numbers. Previous studies on the subject have merely reproduced historical financial statements alongside ‘inflation-adjusted’ financial statements without any scientific methodology and empirical analyses to allow for reliable conclusions. It is this major gap that this study seeks to fill. A sample of ten firms was drawn for period between2001-2010. The OLS regression estimated at nominal and adjusted levels in two separate models showed that both models have a high goodness of fit (R² ). However, the adjusted estimate exhibited a higher explanatory power and thus shows a better fit. This suggested that adjusted accounting estimates may after all be able to provide better and more realistic insight into a firm’s state of affairs. The study recommends that historical financial accounting information should be presented side-by-side with their corresponding adjusted financial statement to disclose the effect of price level changes. Additionally, the Financial Reporting Council of Nigeria and other regulatory agencies should as a matter of necessity set up a system of accounting for price level changes to enhance the value relevance of accounting information.Keywords: price level changes, value relevance, accounting information, inflation

CHALLENGES OF MODERN PROFESSIONAL SECRETARY/OFFICE MANAGERS IN ACHIEVING SUCCESS AT WORK

¹Adebayo Adedayo and ²Akinyele, T. A.

¹Deputy Registrar, Federal College of Education, Abeokuta, Ogun state, Nigeria

²Department of Business Education, Federal College of Education, Abeokuta, Ogun State

ABSTRACT

This paper looks into Challenges of Modern Professional Secretary/Office Managers in achieving success at work using SWOTT Analysis, discussing duties of professional secretaries/office managers in the past at present and in the future, how to succeed in modern offices etc. The paper concludes with the fact that managing modern office requires continuous learning, acquisition of skills, knowledge and experience which is ever changing in these technologically implied offices.

Keywords:  Professional Secretary, Office Managers, SWOTT Analysis, Challenges, Skills

NEW PUBLIC MANAGEMENT AND THE ELUSIVE QUEST FOR CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORKS

Afegbua Salami Issa

Department of Public Administration

Lagos State University, Ojo

Prejossha@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

The paper examined New Public Management and the search for Conceptual Frameworks. The paper examined the inadequacies and confusion in the adoption of various conceptual frameworks in the interpretations, analysis and synthesis of the New Public Management. The paper submitted that NPM is a rhetorical and conceptual construction and, like all such constructions, it is open to re-interpretation and shift in usages over time. The NPM concept is also prone to shift in meaning when it crosses language barrier. The paper concludes that for a generally accepted conceptual framework should be established for the examination and analysis of the New Public Management. (NPM),  it is when this is done that the risk of management-led reforms losing sight of the underlying social purposes of public services will be prevented.