ASCORBIC ACID CONTENT OF CITRUS FRUITS AT DIFFERENT MATURITY STAGES

Agwu Grace N.

Department of Food Science and Technology

Federal Polytechnic, Nekede, Owerri.

E-mail: ernagwu@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Ascorbic acid content of oranges, grapefruits and lemons at different maturity stages were determined as well as their pH and sugar content. The juice was squeezed out from the fruits into different labeled beakers and analysed. The results show that ascorbic acid content of the fruits decreases as the fruit matures, while the sugar content increases. The results for pH showed to be below 3.7 ranging from 3.12 to 3.36 for grape fruit, 2.31 to 2.62 for lemons and 3.16 to 3.59 for oranges.

KEY WORDS: Juice, Oranges, Grape fruits, Lemons, Ascorbic acid, pH, Sugar content.


PREVALENCE OF AIRBORNE BACTERIA IN MARKETS IN MAKURDI METROPOLIS

1H.O.A. Oluma, T. Akande, E.E. Ebah and O.C. Godwin

1Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science

University of Agriculture, Makurdi, Benue State

ABSTRACT                                                                                                             

Samples of air were collected from three (3) different markets within Makurdi metropolis namely; Modern Market, Wurukum Market and Wadata Market to check the prevalence of airborne bacteria in the markets. The samples were collected from five (5) different subsites in each market using the exposed plate method and incubated at 37⁰C for 24 hours. The different colonies that developed after incubation were counted and identified based on their cultural characteristics, Gram reaction and biochemical characteristics. It was noticed that five (5) types of bacteria (Escherichia coli, Neisseria species, Salmonella species, Staphylococcus species, Streptococcus species) were found in the three (3) markets except in Modern market where Neisseria species was not found in any of the subsites. This may be due to the poor sanitary condition in Wadata market which can also affect and increase the bacteria load on food stuff. The sanitary condition should therefore be improved so as to reduce the bacterial load around the areas.


MICROBIAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT OF WELL WATER IN KADUNA NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT

1Yabaya A. and Aliyu A.

Department of Microbiology

Kaduna State University, Kaduna, Nigeria

amosyabaya@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The microbial quality of water in Kaduna north local government of Kaduna state was assessed, using multiple tube fermentation technique. A total of 20 well water samples within Kaduna north were analyzed for the presence of coliform bacteria. No single sample recorded the absence of coliform bacteria. Samples from location B and K had high most probable index with the range of 170-1600 coliforms per 100ml of the sample. Samples from location M and U had most probable index of between 27- 63 coliforms per 100ml of the sample. The isolates were identified to be E. coli and Enterobacter species by biochemical characterization. These findings indicated that, the wells were contaminated.

Keywords: Micrbial•Quality Assessment•Well Water•Kaduna North•Nigeria


ENTREPRENEURSHIP EDUCATION: A PANACEA TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Category : Uncategorized

Binta M. Mandara

Department of Business Education

Federal College of Education, Yola

ABSTRACT

Entrepreneurship education constitutes a crucial factor in the economic growth and development of every nation. This would only be achieved by harnessing and giving entrepreneurship education a special attention.  This paper highlights the prominence of entrepreneurship, ways of energizing the spirit of entrepreneurship, why people take entrepreneurial courses.  It also highlights some effectiveness of entrepreneurship education, the growth of entrepreneurship education and effects of encouraging entrepreneurship education.  The paper further raises a number of suggestions that could help to improve entrepreneurship education for economic development of a nation (Nigeria).


WORKPLACE VIOLENCE AND THE COST-BENEFIT TRADE OFF OF ZERO-TOLERANCE SAFETY POLICIES IN CENTRAL NIGERIAN HOSPITALS

Category : Uncategorized

Wurim, Ben Pam

Assistant Chief Accountant

National Directorate of Employment, Plateau State

ABSTRACT

A well written and implemented Workplace violence prevention program, combined with engineering controls, administrative controls and training can reduce workplace violence and the attendant costs in both private and public organisations. The major objective of this paper is to unravel and analyze the cost-benefit trade of implementing zero-tolerance policies and to investigate the potency of such policies in the reduction of workplace violence. Data was collected from a convenient sampling of 103 employees of 4 hospitals and clinics and analyzed using the Kruskal-Wallis test statistic. The result showed that early identification of certain risk factors significantly impact violence prevention and protection; zero-tolerance safety policies do not reduce workplace violence and costs; and the costs of implementing zero- tolerance safety policies are greater than the benefits of implementation. The paper recommends that employers should provide safety education for employees, secure the workplace, provide drop safes to limit the amount of cash on hand, instruct employees not to enter any location where they feel unsafe and equip field staff with cellular and hand-held alarms or noise devices.


PUBLIC PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AND INFRASTRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENT IN NIGERIA

Umeora Chinweobo Emmanuel

Department of Banking and Finance

Anambra State University, Igbariam Campus

Email: ceumeora@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Public private partnership as a development model and strategy started in Europe as a way of tackling infrastructure deficiencies and reduction of public borrowing. It involves a contract between a public sector Authority and a private party in which the private party provides a public service or product and assumes substantial financial, technical and operational risks in the projects. The drive to public private partnership in developing countries follow on the heels of successes achieved in developed countries. Like in other countries, the adoption is to bridge the finance gap in the provision of infrastructure and reduction in government finances and borrowing. It is important to note that public private partnership projects are bankable and economically viable projects while the governments should continue to provide social welfare services outside PPP considerations.  Most states have established PPP Units to coordinate the scheme. The Federal Governments on its part established Infrastructure Concession Regulatory Commission (ICRC) to oversee projects under public private partnerships. So far many projects concessioned have been beset by myriads of problems which prevented some of them from taking off. There are however, some success stories. It is hoped that in due course public private partnership will assume the level of success achieved in developed countries. It will then hopefully help to ameliorate the dismal state of the nation’s infrastructure.


THE EFFECT OF HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT ON PRODUCTIVITY OF WORKERS IN NIGERIA

1Sheriff Bukar, Ali Baba Shehu , and 2 Aliyu Idris

1Department of Liberal Studies

 Ramat Polytechnic, Maiduguri

2Department of Social Services

ABSTRACT

The paper focused on the effect of human resource management on productivity of workers in Nigeria. It examines the role of training and development on workers’ productivity in both public and private organizations in Nigeria. It also pointed out the problems of human resource management and personal manager. The paper concluded that human resource training and development is a long term and very sensitive function of an organization. Finally, the paper recommended that proper implementation of training enhances individual performance and productivity.    


EMPIRICAL STUDY ON YAM CULTIVATION AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF TARABA STATE: CASE STUDY OF WUKARI LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA.

 

Job Pristine Migap and Felix Audu

Department of Economics, Kwararafa University

E-mail: keffi4942@yahoo.ca

ABSTRACT

The impact of yam cultivation on the economic development of Taraba State was studied to ascertain the importance of crop production to the development of the Nigerian economy. It seeks to find out the relationship existing between the level of crop production and the economic development of Taraba State. To achieve the objective of the study, yam cultivation in Wukari Local Government area was taken for the study as a reference to crop production and economic development of the state. The primary and secondary data collected include structure interviewer questionnaires, observation and personal interview of the farmers/traders in the study area, Central bank of Nigeria (CBN) publications, internet materials and journals. The data was analyzed using simple percentage and Chi square. The result shows that, there is a positive correlation between yam cultivation and economic development of Taraba State. It therefore suggests that the government should take proactive measures to enhance crop productivity through the timely provision of agricultural inputs/equipment and the construction and maintenance of rural infrastructures.


CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND ORGANIZATIONAL PROFITABILITY IN THE MILLENNIUM: AN OVERVIEW OF THE NIGERIAN PRIVATE SECTOR

Agburu J.I.

Department of Business Management

Benue State University, Makurdi, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

Organizational breakthroughs in the contemporary third world economies in general and in Nigeria in particular seem to be in a dire need of customer satisfaction strategies. Genuine breakthroughs in these companies cannot emanate from the blues, but must spring into being by a dint of relevant strategic formulation and implementation targeted at attaining an optimal level of customer satisfaction. Unequivocally too, long term corporate profitability must consistently be driven by high customer satisfaction tempo. The main thrust of the study was to investigate the relationship between customer satisfaction and corporate profitability in the millennium with a concentration on the present-day Nigerian economy. Specifically, the study was on some selected indigenously-owned and managed companies in Benue State of Nigeria with emphasis on Makurdi metropolis. Methodologically, the simple survey design was applied. Data analysis was based on non-parametric methods. Specifically, simple percentages and Kolmogorov-Smirnov test statistic were employed. The main findings were: (1) the companies were lagging in terms of customer satisfaction epitomised in low retention levels & decreasing degree of customer loyalty (2) the companies were not making breakthroughs in profitability and (3) the corporate efforts lacked relevant strategic orientations capable of transforming these organizations. The major recommendations are that: (a) these firms strategise in relevant ways to attain high levels of customer satisfaction (b) the firms adopt integrated marketing schemes with a view to wooing and retaining customers consistently and (c) the companies popularise their products via advertisements, research and development and the like.


MICRO-CREDIT AND WELFARE OF MICRO ENTREPRENEURS IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF ALIMOSHO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF LAGOS STATE

MICRO-CREDIT AND WELFARE OF MICRO ENTREPRENEURS IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF ALIMOSHO LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA OF LAGOS STATE

Jameelah Omolara Yaqub

Department of Economics

 Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria

E-mail: jyaqub2010@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

This paper examined the impact of micro-credit on the welfare of small scale entrepreneurs in Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos State, Nigeria, A total of ninety-five micro entrepreneurs were used as study sample. These comprises of twenty-four tailors/fashion designers, twenty-four tricycle drivers, twenty-two pepper grinders and twenty-five pepper sellers. Data were collected through the use of questionnaire and the hypothesis was tested with the Chi-square technique. The result obtained showed that there is a significant relationship between micro-credit and the welfare of the small scale entrepreneurs in Alimosho Local Government Area of Lagos State. It is therefore suggested that the interest rate charged by microfinance banks should be made more reasonable and some grace period should be given before repayment of loan starts so that the beneficiaries could invest the loan for a longer time.


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