Table of Contents

Feeling of Reduced Personal Accomplishment: Strain-Based Work-Family Conflict as a

Correlate

Ejike A.O.                                                                                                                                 1 – 12

The Mirage of Rural Development in Nigeria

Laah, D.E., Abba, M., Ishaya, D.S. and Gana J.N.                                                                      13 – 26

The Role of Marital Stress and Gender in Depression among Parents with Mentally

Retarded Children

Hyacinth E. Mgbenkemdi                                                                                                        27 – 34

Boosting Revenue Generation and Economic Development in Borno State through

Improved Taxpayer Compliance

Asur R. and Nkereuwem, A.P.                                                                                                  35 – 46

Repositioning Western Education for Sustainable National Development in

Contemporary Nigeria

Ele Samson                                                                                                                              47 – 55

The Political Economy of Criminality along Nigeria-Benin Republic Borders and

Worsening Insecurity in Nigeria

 Ahmed, L.E. and Chilaka, F.C.                                                                                                 56 – 78

The Effects of Parental Divorce on Socialization in Benue State

Sambe N., Kyernum N. and Abanyam, N.L.                                                                             79 – 89

Local Governance and Public Goods: Some Lessons from the British Local

Government System

Olayiwola, A.R.O.                                                                                                                    90 – 118

The Indigene-Ship Question and Its Implication on the Socio-Economic Development

of Nigeria

Kyernum, N. and Agba, A.S.                                                                                                     119 – 130

An Evaluation of African Union (AU) and the Protection of Human Rights (1990- 2012)

Matawal A.B.                                                                                                                           131 – 142

Non Governmental Organizations and National Development

Anure Joseph .K.                                                                                                                      143 – 151

NON GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS AND NATIONAL DEVELOPMENT

Anure, Joseph .K.

Department of Academic Planning and Performance

Fidei Polytechnic, Gboko, Benue State, Nigeria.

E-mail: kanure@yahoo.com

Abstract: As humanity enters the third millennium Nigeria is bewildered by myriads of economic, political and social problems, which show either no or very little sign of diminishing. The country is plagued by economic depression, political instability, rising ethnic tension, kidnapping, religious conflicts, social malice, inflation, appalling corruption as a system and failure of democracy and state responsibility to citizen. A major issue for the country and the masses is the issue of endemic poverty, which is a denial of fundamental human rights and underdevelopment in all sectors of the economy. The United Nations has set up 8 Millennium Development goals and all its agencies are working towards the achievement of such goals. In Nigeria also the target of development has been shifted from 2000 to 2015. Many organizations have committed themselves as development partners both internally and internationally this paper looks at the importance of non-governmental organizations in the national development of Nigeria. NGOs should contribute to the development of Nigeria by investing in education, agriculture, housing, roads constructions, and health and human services.

AN EVALUATION OF AFRICAN UNION (AU) AND THE PROTECTION

OF HUMAN RIGHTS (1990- 2012)

Matawal A.B.

Department of Political Science

University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria

E-mail: matawaladams@yahoo.com

Abstract: The paper attempts the evaluation of the African Union as a multilateral organization at fifty (50) since its establishment in 1963 as Organization of African Union, until its transformation to AU in 2002. Its activities cover political, social, economic, and security issues as well as harnessing the natural and human resources, social issues, harnessing of the entire-continent for the total advancement of the people. However, despite this laudable role, the issue of human rights protection in the continent has continued to be a critical concern for citizens of the continent. This indeed might be responsible the continent’s inability to attain political and economic independence and to compete favorably with other continents of the world. Apart from achieving freedom for the continent, the Union has not been able to protect the rights of its teaming populace as encapsulated in the African Charter. This has generated series of violent conflicts across the continent thereby obstructing the desired political and economic integration for over half a century. The researcher utilized the normative method of analysis to describe the state of human rights in Africa and the role the AU has played in the protection of these rights. It was observed that human rights in Africa have been so violated, as most of the political leaders have perpetuated their stay in power against the will of the people. Thus, the dissatisfied citizens have responded by not only disrespecting the state but by rather taking up arms against it, as is witnessed in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Liberia, Libya, Mali, Nigeria, etc.  Finally, the researcher made recommendations and then drew conclusion.

THE INDIGENE-SHIP QUESTION AND ITS IMPLICATION ON THE SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF NIGERIA 

¹Kyernum, N. and ²Agba, A.S.

^1&2Department of Sociology

University of Mkar, Mkar.

E-mail: nguverenkyernum@gmail.com, agbasolomon55@gmail.com

Abstract: The Nigeria constitution makes provision for her citizens to live and secure means of livelihood, own property and enjoy other opportunities without discrimination in any part of the country. However, it appears the desire to eliminate others from certain privileges within a given geographical area under the auspices of  ‘non-indigene-ship‘ raises its ugly head, this is made manifest  in the recognition of  non-indigenes at various levels; states, local governments, districts, clans, and sometimes even kinship groups. This leads to discrimination in different aspects ranging from job opportunities, admission opportunities, access to arable land and other economic opportunities. Using a library research approach and critical observation the paper applies the critical theory of race and racism to clarify the concepts of indigene, settler, and national development. It examines the socio-economic implication of indigene/settler relationship on the development of Nigeria and concludes that, national development will be better achieved with practical unity and co-operation. Suggestion are made among others that, all  policies leading to discrimination against Nigerian citizens be abandoned to make room for full utilization of human and natural resources to ensure development.

LOCAL GOVERNANCE AND PUBLIC GOODS: SOME LESSONS FROM THE

BRITISH LOCAL GOVERNMENT SYSTEM

Olayiwola, A.R.O.

Department of Political Science

Lagos State University (LASU), Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria.

E-mail: nusramurana@yahoo.co.uk

Abstract: The Constitution of the Federal Republic of Nigeria, 1999 (as amended) guarantees the system of Local Government by democratically elected Local Government Councils. The Law that ensures the existence of such councils should provide for their establishment, structure, composition, finance and functions. In the same vein, the Fourth Schedule to the Constitution enumerates the functions to be conferred by Law upon Local Government Councils. Such main functions include the participation of councils in the Government of a State as respects: (a)The provision and maintenance of primary, adult and vocational education; (b)The development of agriculture and natural resources and (c)The provision and maintenance of health services, to mention just a few. This paper on Local Governance and Public Goods contends that Local Government System in Nigeria has abysmally failed to comply with the constitutional provisions as well as in the performance of stipulated functions for the benefit of local populace. Despite the propaganda on the Local Government Reform, the grass root Local Governance with the expected public goods and where the people in the locality can identify and solve their local problems without external interference are yet to be realized. The paper compares and contrasts the Nigerian Local Government System with/to that of Britain and submits that although, the British system itself is not perfect, nevertheless, there are lessons to be learnt in Local Governance and Public Goods, especially, on the performance of functions, the financing, composition, structure, establishment and general services of the Local Government Councils.

THE EFFECTS OF PARENTAL DIVORCE ON SOCIALIZATION IN BENUE STATE

¹Sambe N., ²Kyernum N. and ³Abanyam, N.L.

^1,2&3Department of Sociology

University of Mkar, Mkar, Benue State, Nigeria.

E-mail:  ngutors@gmail.com

Abstract: The paper investigates the impact of parental divorce on socialization in Benue State using premarital birth and educational attainment as indices. Simple random probability sampling technique was used in the selection of 300 samples in the three zones of the state while percentages and chi-square was used in analysis of data as the study adopted Economic deprivation theory. There was a significant relationship between divorce and pre-marital birth as a significant relationship was found between divorce and educational attainment. It was concluded that divorce has a negative impact on socialization in the state. The study recommends for implementation of policies to improve access to education by children of divorced parents; need for couples to settle their difference peacefully; more efforts by social welfare authorities to manage marital problem; statutory provisions for parents to mutually assume responsibility of their children’s education during divorce and advocacy on dangers associated with divorce.