IN-VIVO EVALUATION OF THE EFFECTS OF ETHANOLIC LEAF EXTRACT OF Gongronema latifolia ON ASPARTATE AMINOTRANSFERASE (AST) AND BILIRUBIN SECRETIONS IN ALBINO RATS

¹ Ugwu Godwin Chigozie and ² Eze Emmanuel Ikechukwu

¹ Department of Science Laboratory Technology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka

² Department of Crop Science, University of Nigeria, Nsukka

E-mail: godtech4real@yahoo.com; emmaclems2003@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Blood samples from four groups of albino rats with four rats per group were analyzed for aspartate aminotransferase and bilirubin secretions. The analysis was carried out in two phases; phase 1 and phase 2. In phase one, which is the zero analysis, the weights of the animals were taken and the blood samples were collected through the nostril after an ocular puncture to analyse for AST and Bilirubin secretions. In phase 2, group A, B, and  C were administered 500 mg/kg, 250 mg/kg and 125 mg/kg of G.latifolia leaf extract while the control (group D) were administered only tragacant solution. After three weeks of administration, their blood samples were collected using the same method to monitor the effects of the extract on both AST and bilirubin secretions. The results showed that there was a 25 % increase in weights of the rats and a decrease in the values of AST and bilirubin secretions in the rats except in the control that were not administered the extract. This means that G. latifolia leaf extract may have healing effects on the liver. Keywords: Leaf extract, Gongronema latifolia, Aspertate Aminotransferase, Bilirubin

APPLICATIONS OF GAMMA MODEL IN AGE DURING PREGNANCY AND MALARIA INFECTIONS AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN

¹Adarabioyo, M. I., ²Ojiezeh, T. I and G. N. Amahia³

¹Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer/Information Systems, Achievers University, Owo,

²Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Achievers University, Owo, Nigeria

³Department of Statistics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

ABSTRACT

The study was carried out to determine the probability distribution of the age at pregnancy and malaria infection in south western Nigeria. The samples studied consisted of eighty-eight (88) and seventy-seven (78) pregnant women who were already infested of malaria parasites at  University of Lagos Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Idi-Araba and Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital (OAUTH), Ile-Ife, respectively. Some descriptive measures were used to examine the main properties of the distributions for each location and combine. The frequency polygons were obtained to determine the underlying distribution. The distributions were negatively skewed; a departure from normality. Beta distribution was estimated and one of the parameters was found to be out of bound (LUTH: α = -1404.27,β = 1358.13, OAUTH: α = -1342.85, β = 1299.95, COMBINE: α = -1204.26, β = 1156.63). The parameters of the Exponential distributions were not significant. Gamma model was fitted for each location and combine. The estimates were significant at 95% level of significance.  Parameters’ tests reveal that there is no significant difference between the parameters from the two locations. This implies the samples from the two locations could have come from the same population.

Key Words: Probability, Malaria, Pregnancy, Gamma, Beta, exponential, Model