Centre for Promotion of Educational and Scientific Research
Mechanism of Carbonation in Concrete and its Prediction–A Review
Alhassan, Yunusa Aminu 1-37
Characterization of Mayo-Butale and Walol-Kolel Graphite of
Adamawa State
Taru Tizhe Tatas, Bello Zubairu and Aliyu A. Baba 38-46
Image Deblurring using Wiener’s Filter
G.N. Udealor & B.E. Zakka 47-69
Theoretical Evaluation of Evaporative Cooling Potential Using
Feasibility Index Model
Ibrahim, U.H. and Ibrahim, A. 70-82
Ibrahim, U.H1. and Ibrahim, A2.
1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa
2Department of Physics, Adamawa State University, Mubi, Adamawa State, Nigeria
Email: Ibrahim U.H. E-mail: heldabuk@yahoo.com
Abstract: Thermal comfort has a great influence on the productivity and satisfaction of indoor building occupants. In some developing countries like Nigeria, poverty and epileptic power supply are the twin problems impeding people from the use of refrigerated-based air conditioning systems to achieve thermal comfort. Furthermore, the use of some refrigerants has adverse effect on the environment. Evaporative cooling systems are viable options for achieving thermal comfort especially in hot and dry climates. These systems, apart from their low cost and power requirement, they are environmentally friendly. This study attempts to determine the viability of using evaporative cooling to achieve thermal comfort in Mubi-South using the feasibility Index model. The computed feasibility indices of the study area in the months of January through December are – 0.08, – 1.62, 4.04, 13.09, 27.06, 17.36, 18.39, 18.42, 18.24, 3.12, – 0.12 and – 0.28 respectively. Employing the concept of the feasibility index (FI) model reveals that comfort cooling can be achieved in the months of January, February, March, October, November and December while relief cooling can be achieved in the month of April. The model also reveals the unsuitability of evaporative cooling in the months of May, June, July, August and September. Considering both the comfort and the relief cooling periods based on the FI model, evaporative cooling can therefore be a suitable alternative to refrigerated-based air conditioning systems in Mubi-South and other areas with similar climatic characteristics.
G.N. Jola1 & B.E. Zakka2
Electrical Electronics Engineering Department, Federal Polytechnic Bauchi
Computer Science Department Federal Polytechnic Bauchi, Nigeria2
Email: gloriangjola@gmail.com1 Byikawe@yahoo.com2
Abstract: Image blur is difficult to avoid in many situations and can often ruin a photograph. Thus Image deblurring and restoration is necessary in digital image processing. Blur is a form of bandwidth reduction of an ideal image owing to the imperfect image formation process. This is due to the fact that there is a lot of interference in the environment as well as movement during the image capture process, by the camera or, the when long exposure times are used, by the subject, Out-of-focus optics, use of a wide-angle lens, atmospheric turbulence, or a short exposure time, which reduces the number of photons captured and scattered light distortion in confocal microscopy. This work seeks to reduce the possibility of taking blurry images by developing a Wiener filter algorithm for image deblurring process using MATLAB
Alhassan, Yunusa Aminu
Department of Civil Engineering,
Federal Polytechnic Idah, Nigeria
Email: enejoking@gmail.com
Abstract: This paper examines the process of carbonation in concrete as while as factors that influence carbonation progression in concrete. Quantification of carbonation process in an inland environment and basis for the derivation of the carbonation progression rate in concrete were also reviewed. The paper then x-rayed extensively existing carbonation prediction models and finally it proposed an approach for the development of carbonation prediction model for reinforced concrete structures located in an inland environment.
Chemical Composition of Indigenous (Nupe) Rice and Foreign Rice
Varieties in Bida, Niger State, Nigeria
Owwunabo, Okechukwu Nancy, Abiodun, Abayomi & Mahmud Rasheed 1-10
The Production of Diet ‘Zobo’ Drink from Hibiscus Sabdariffa Petals
using Saccharin
Oduwobi, O.O & Afuye, O.O. 11-24
Histopathological and Haematological Effects of Aqueous Extract
Cnidoscolus Acontifolius on the Liver and Kidney in Adult Wistar Rat
Ebeye O.A, Ekundina V.O and Mokwe M 25-41
Comparative Physico-chemical Composition of Natural Honey
Collected from Traditional Bee-Breeders in Ogun State.
Adebowale, O.J., Salaam, H.A and Agboola, O.A. 42-55
The Effect of Garcinia Kola (Bitter Kola) On Testosterone and the
Histology of the Testes in Male Albino Wistar Rats
S.I Ovuakporaye, E.I. Odokuma 56-68
1S.I Ovuakporaye,2E.I.Odokuma
1Department of Human Physiology,Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
2Department of Anatomy and cell biology, Delta State University, Abraka, Nigeria
Email: simonovuakpo2006@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
The study determined the effect of Garcina kola on testosterone and the histology of the testes in male albino wistarrats. Fifteen (15) male rats of the Wistar strain weighing 115g-220g were divided into groups of 3 (control, low dose, high dose) consisting of 5 male rats in each of the 3 groups to determine the effects of Garciniakola extract on testosterone. The control group was given only water and rat feed while the experimental groups of low dose and high dose were administerd 5g/kg and 10g/kg respectively per body weight for a period of 28 days. The rats were sacrificed and testosterone from the blood in these 3 groups, were studied. Statistical analyses of data were determined by one way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Post-hoc Turkey’s test. It was observed that the hormone testosterone from group 2 with values of 0.50 ±0.15 recorded a significant increase in testosterone when compared to group 1 (control)with values 0.29 ± 0.08,while group 3 with values 0.23 ± 0.08 recorded no significant changes in testosterone when compared with group 1 (control).
Keywords: Garcina Kola, Testosterone, Histology of the Testis, Wistar Rats
*Adebowale, O.J1., Salaam, H.A1 and Agboola, O.A2.
1Department of Food Technology, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Ogun 2Department of Pure and Applied Biology, LAUTECH, Ogbomoso, Oyo
Email: jimiolalekan@yahoo.com
ABSTRACT
Comparative studies on the physico-chemical composition of natural honey produced by traditional bee- breeders from the three senatorial districts in Ogun state were investigated. These districts were: Ogun-East, Ogun-Central and Ogun-West consisting of nine, six and five local government areas respectively. Double-stage multistage clustered sampling was used to carry out the studies on the selected six (6) local government areas that were finally chosen for the studies. Fresh natural honey samples were collected in sterile pet bottles and were analyzed for hydroxymethyfurfural, reducing sugar, pH, specific gravity, refractive index, total solids, titratable acidity, moisture and ash contents, and sucrose. Values range of 43.4 to 53.1(ppm); 70.2 to 76.4 (%); 2.73 to 3.74; 1.255 to 1.402; 1.446 to 1.448; 73.5 to 77.5(%); 0.62 to 1.63; 22.5 to 26.5 (%); 1.2 to 2.8 (%) and 3.23 to 4.72 (%) for hydroxymethyfurfural, reducing sugar, pH, specific gravity, refractive index, total soluble solids, titratable acidity, moisture, ash contents and sucrose respectively were recorded. Results obtained from the study however, showed that moisture and ash contents do not conform with the standards (Codex Alimentarius Commission and European Union) in that, values obtained were higher the those of the standards. Conversely, data obtained for titratable acidity, refractive index, reducing sugars, sucrose and to some extent the hydroxymethyfurfural were in agreement with the standards. Generally, all the honey samples investigated were highly acidic with high total soluble solids (sugars) and hence, a good-preserve.
Keywords Physico-chemical composition, natural honey, senatorial district, hydroxymethyfurfural
2Ebeye O.A, 1Ekundina V.O and 2Mokwe M
1Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Afe-Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Ekiti State
2Department of Human Anatomy and Cell BiologyDelta State University, Abraka.
email:Kemvic30@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The effects of chronic administration of aqueous leaf extract of cnidoscolus aconitifolius on some heamatological and histopathological parameters of the kidney and liver of wistar rats. Twenty four (24) adult wistar rats were acclimatized, weighed and sorted into four groups (A-D) of 6 animals each with corresponding body weights in the same group. Aqueous leaf extracts of cnidoscolus aconitifolius was administered orally to rats in groups B-D at 200mg/kg, 400mg/kg and 600mg/kg body weight respectively for 28 days aside the normal feed and water while group A which served as the control was given only feed and water for the same duration. At the end of administration, animals were sacrificed and blood was collected from the inferior venecava into vials containing EDTA for the various tests while the kidney and liver samples were quickly fixed in 10% formol saline. Tissue sections of the samples were processed and stained using hematoxylin and eosin stains respectively. Results showed increase in WBC (leukocytosis), glomerular degeneration as seen in proliferative glomerulopathy as well as hepatic damage evident in periportal fibrosis at the highest dose (600mg/kg). Consumption of cnidocolus acontifolius should be with caution as it elicited a dose dependent damaging effects on the organ studied.
*1Oduwobi, O.O & 2Afuye, O.O.
The Department of Science Laboratory Technology,
The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, Ogun State.
Email: dwheazy2012@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
Zobo drink, which is indigenously gotten from Hibiscus plants (Roselle), has been shown to be good source of natural carbohydrate, protein and vitamin C. Many medicinal applications of the Roselle plant have been developed around the world; Roselle also has certain therapeutic properties. The diet Zobo drink was prepared using saccharin and then preserved with kola nut extract. The extract was remarkably effective in preserving the diet Zobo drink for days from bacterial spoilage with a mean value of 7 x 102 Cfu/ml while the diet Zobo samples without the kola nut extract recorded a mean value of 45 x 102 Cfu/ml, after a 24hr incubation period on Nutrient agar. The pH value was 4, moisture content was 90%, the brix and alcohol contents both recorded a Zero value and the temperature of the product was 37.0 ºC respectively. The calorific value of the diet Zobo drink was 2.40Kcal for a 0.6g of saccharin used in the preparation of 1L of the drink while the calorific value of the sucrose-laden Zobo drink was 193.5Kcal for a 50g (about 5cubes) of table sugar used in the preparation of the sucrose-laden Zobo drink. By this investigation, it can thus be deduced that saccharin is indeed highly effective for dieting, as well as useful as a sweetener mainly because of its non-calorific property. Further studies on the health implication, if any, of artificial sweeteners could be carried out to ascertain their health safety mainly because of the controversies surrounding their use as food additives.
Keywords: Hibiscus Sabdariffa, Saccharin, Artificial Sweeteners, Food Additive, Calorific Value.
Owwunabo, Okechukwu Nancy, Abiodun, Abayomi and Mahmud Rasheed
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics
Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria
Email: nancyokechukwun@gmail.com
ABSTRACT
The objective of the study was to ascertain the differences in the nutrients composition of imported and locally grown rice in Bida. Four different rice varieties (two locally grown and two imported rice) were evaluated for proximate, some minerals and vitamins and anti-nutrient composition. The local rice varieties contained more moisture, crude fibre, and ash than the foreign varieties, but with no change in carbohydrate content. There were significant difference (P<0.05) in the levels of minerals- phosphorus, calcium, sodium, and minerals in foreign and local rice varieties. The rice varieties also contained anti-nutrients which restrict the complete utilization of the nutrients contained in rice but can easily be destroyed by heat. These results generated might be able to provide vital information on identifying superior quality of rice marketed in Bida, based on their nutrient composition.
Keywords: Rice Varieties, ‘Ofada’, ‘Aroso’, Nutrients, Sensory Properties, Nigeria.
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