Table of Contents

Influence of Industrial Waste Management, Workers Safety Practices and

Occupational Health Attitude on Employees Health Status in urban Community

 in Nigeria.

Olaoke, Ibitola Olajumoke, Popoola, Olusoji David                                                                1-18

Environmental Toxin, Exposure to Toxins among Children around Cement

Factory (Review)

M. Musa, E.A Bagna, L. Abubakar, S.M Adamu, U. Abdulmuminu, S. Muhammad                  19-32

The Geology of the Kaltungo Inlier Upper Benue Trough, Northeast Nigeria

Raymond P Tabale, Eyo ENtekim, Jonathan Barka and Adeyinka Olasehinde                       33-45

Environmental Implication of Conflicting Agricultural Practises in Nigeria:

Animal Husbandry Versus Crop Production.

Effiong, Cyril J.                                                                                                                         46-62

Suitability of Waste Glass Powder as Partial

Replacement of Cement in Sandcrete Block

Audu Isa Ibrahim Dakas¹ and Stephen Ilemona Omakoji                                                       63-76

Geometric Transformation of Google Earth Imagery to Generate Orthophoto Images for Survey Practices

Edan, J.D. and Bem A.A.                                                                                                          77-90

Public Awareness and Perceptions towards Physical Planning in Nigeria: 

A Case Study of Talata Mafara, Zamfara State

Hadi Aliyu & Ismail Usman Kaoje                                                                                          91-103

THE GEOLOGY OF THE KALTUNGO INLIER UPPER BENUE TROUGH, NORTHEAST NIGERIA 

Raymond P Tabale¹, Eyo ENtekim², Jonathan Barka¹ and Adeyinka Olasehinde¹

¹Department of Geology, Gombe State University

 ²Department of Geology, Modibo Adama Federal University of Technology Yola

E-mail: tabalepeter@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Field mapping of the Kaltungo inlier showed disposition of the rock units outcropped as stocks, plugs and intrusions were characteristic of a rocky outcrop. The litho logic units delineated in the study area consist of porphyritic biotite granite, biotite granite, medium grained granite, micro granite, pegmatite, diorite, protocataclasite, trachyte, trachy-andesite and basalt while the oldest sedimentary unit in the Upper Benue Trough, the Cretaceous Bima Sandstone Formation surrounds the inlier. Major strike-slip fault cross-cut the inlier from Labeke to Ture Pandi trending N60⁰E into the western block around Kufai, Billiri, Kalmai, Banganje, Tanglang and Tal and the eastern block around Kaltungo, Okra, Poshereng, Popandi, Lapan, Karel, Labeke Kulishin and Ture Pandi. The inlier is intensely sheared and faulted, trending dominantly NE-SW and NW-SE direction is in agreement with the general structural trend of the Nigerian Basement Complex.

PUBLIC AWARENESS AND PERCEPTIONS TOWARDS PHYSICAL PLANNING IN NIGERIA: A CASE STUDY OF TALATA MAFARA, ZAMFARA STATE

Hadi Aliyu & Ismail Usman Kaoje

Department of Geography

Faculty of Arts, Social and Management sciences

Federal University, Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State

Email: aliyuhadi14@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

 Land has been the major pivot of physical planning and development in Nigeria and virtually the entire world, and physical planners as the major promoters of development. Besides, numerous questions are being raised by the public regarding the status and credibility of physical planning. Thus, the aim of this paper is to examine the level of public awareness and perception on physical planning profession and practices and it’s implication on the effectiveness or otherwise.   For this purpose,  systematic random sampling was implored in sample choice and questionnaire administration to the selected samples, interviews  were conducted with some officials of planning authority. Relevant literatures were consulted also. The collated data was analysed. It reveals from the study that, most of the public are short of what town/physical planning is all about;  in terms of its rules, laws and activities which seems to hinder the effectiveness of the profession and its practice. To achieve effective planning practice in the study area, the study recommends the need for frequent public enlightenment Programmes on TV channels, Radio and print medias by Government, NGO’s and professional bodies of Planning. It also recommends the recruitment of more staff, organized public lectures, provision of more surveillance vehicles and adequate funding. Planning bodies should also advocate zero tolerance to corruption and planners should stick firmly to their code of conducts.

Keywords: Public, Awareness and Perception, Physical Planning laws, Talata Mafara

GEOMETRIC TRANSFORMATION OF GOOGLE EARTH IMAGERY TO GENERATE ORTHOPHOTO IMAGES FOR SURVEY PRACTICES 

¹Edan, J.D. and ²Bem A.A.

¹Department of Surveying and Geoinformatics, Modibbo Adama University of Technology Yola, Adamawa State, Nigeria:

²Adison Surveys & Engineering Services Nig. Ltd, Port-Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria

Email: johnsonedan@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

In this paper, effort has been made to geo-transform Google Earth imagery. The first order polynomial (Affine) method of geometric transformation was used to register imagery obtained from Google Earth using ArcMap 9.3 software. The real-world coordinates of Ground Control Points (GCPs) used in geo-transforming the image was obtained with Leica GX1230 GPS in static mode. The geometric accuracy of the initial transformed image was 0.04066m RMSE, and 0.00057m RMSE for the rectified image. To further test the accuracy of the image produced, a landed property from a geodetic GPS survey was overlaid on the imagery and a significant result was obtained. The analysis of the results obtained revealed low resolution of the imagery produced, which indicated that the geo-transformation of Google Earth imagery is not good enough for geodetic or large scale engineering purposes. However, it can be inferred that the geometric transformation of Google Earth imagery is an alternative tool for generating imagery for cadastral and small scale engineering surveys.

Keywords:  Geometric Transformation, Google Earth Imagery, Ground Control Points, Orthophoto, Real-World Coordinates, and Resampling,

SUITABILITY OF WASTE GLASS POWDER AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT IN SANDCRETE BLOCK

Audu Isa Ibrahim Dakas¹ and Stephen Ilemona Omakoji²

^1,2Department of Building,

Faculty of Environmental Sciences,

University of Jos, Jos, Nigeria

 Email: abdullahidakas@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Waste materials, glass inclusive abound everywhere in the environment which has negative impacts on the environment. Also, the need for more and alternative building materials opens opportunities for sourcing of suitable materials. This paper investigates the suitability of Waste Glass Powder (WGP) as a cementing material to partially replace conventional Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) in sandcrete block. To determine that, the particle size effect was evaluated using glass powder of sizes less than 100μm. A series of tests were conducted to determine the chemical composition of the WGP for cementitious characteristics and to study the effect of 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% replacement of OPC by WGP at mix proportion of 1:6 by weight. For the purpose of compressive strength test, 45 each of 225 x 225 x 450mm hollow sandcrete block and 100 x 100 x 100mm mortar cubes were produced and tested. The results show that the compressive strength of the blocks increases with increase in the percentage replacement. Blocks produced with 10% partial replacement have strengths which vary from 2.52N/mm² at 7 days curing to 3.42N/mm² at 28 days curing, while that of 20% partial replacement have strengths which vary from 2.84N/mm2 at 7 days curing to 3.46N/mm² at 28 days curing. The control blocks (at 0% of WGP) vary from 2.29N/mm² at 7 days curing to 3.29N/mm² at 28 days curing. It is thus observed that the 28 days curing compressive strength value of 3.46N/mm² at 20% replacement satisfies BS 2028 requirement. Thus, 20% is the optimum percentage replacement of OPC with WGP. It was also observed that blocks made with 10% replacement absorb less water than the control blocks. The implication of the results is that WGP is suitable for sandcrete blocks at 20% partial replacement and for water absorption property, up to 10% replacement is suitable.

ENVIRONMENTAL IMPLICATION OF CONFLICTING AGRICULTURAL PRACTISES IN NIGERIA: ANIMAL HUSBANDRY VERSUS CROP PRODUCTION.

Effiong, Cyril J.

Department of Urban and Regional Planning

University of Uyo, Uyo

Email: cyrileffiong@uniuyo.edu.ng

ABSTRACT

Agricultural practises are known to be complementary as the waste of one tends to be the raw materials in the activities of the other. This is peculiar to crop production and animal husbandry as the dungs of animals are useful materials for enhancing the performance of soils for crop production. However, the tide seems to be turning in some part of Nigeria with the rise in conflict of interest of practitioners of the two agricultural endeavours. The activities of animal husbandry especially cattle rearing appears to be counterproductive on the production of crops as grazing animals feast on crop plantation. This negative act is injurious to man-environment nexus at the same time detrimental to food security and food supply. Conflict in any political entity has multifarious consequences on the physical, human, environmental and capital factors diminishing available opportunities for sustainable development.  In the light of many challenges faced by crop production farmers in rural communities in most Nigerian cities, this work examined environmental implications of conflicting agricultural practises while examining the need for mediation-negotiation as an essential arbiter in alternative dispute resolution whereby they share a common vision and demonstrate sufficient political will to manage the loggerhead between farmers and herdsmen in their domain and invariably boost food supply in the country.

Environmental Toxin, Exposure to Toxins among Children around Cement Factory (Review)

M. Musa, E.A Bagna, L. Abubakar, S.M Adamu, U. Abdulmuminu, S. Muhammad

Department of Chemistry,

Shehu Shagari College of Education, Sokoto, Nigeria.

Email: mustaphamusa63@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Environmental toxicant may refer to pollutant causing pollution or biologically created toxins in the environment. Chemicals, both natural and synthetic, have the potential to cause disease by either inhalation or ingestion. Toxins threaten everyone’s health, but infants and children are more sensitive to toxins than adults, because children organs are still developing and their bodies are less able to detoxify. Children are also more vulnerable to toxins because they lack a fully developed blood-brain barrier and a structure in the central nervous system that prevents the passage of chemicals between the bloodstream and the neural tissue. This research emphasis on identifying and evaluating children exposure to environmental toxins around cement factory and health related issues; the review describe different types of environmental toxins around cement factory and their health effects towards children.

INFLUENCE OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE MANAGEMENT, WORKERS SAFETY PRACTICES AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH ATTITUDE ON EMLOYEES HEALTH STATUS IN URBAN COMMUNITY IN, NIGERIA

Olaoke, Ibitola Olajumoke¹, Popoola, Olusoji David²

¹College of Health Sciences, Igbinedion University Okada Edo State, Nigeria.

²Department of Sociology & Anthropology Igbinedion University Okada, Edo State, Nigeria

Email:  jummyt2011@gmail.com , popoolaolusojidavid@yahoo.com

ABSTRACT

Industrial wastes are basically hazardous and as the name implies poses threat and potential risk to human health if not properly managed. Thus, this study examines effects of industrial waste management practices (incineration, recycling), worker’s safety practices and worker’s occupational health attitudes on employees’ health status in selected industries in Oyo State, Nigeria. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for this study while the study population comprised of industrial workers in Ibadan, Oyo State. Simple random sampling technique was used to select a sample of 270 employees and qualitative method ((use of questionnaire) was used for data. An instrument specially designed for this study   tagged “Industrial Waste Management and Workers Health Status Inventory (IWMWHSI was used for data collection.). Two research hypotheses were tested and analyzed with the use of Multiple Regression analysis and Pearson Moment Correlation Analysis at 5% level of significance. Findings revealed that there was a positive significant correlation between incineration and workers’ health status (r= .32, N= 270, P < .05), a positive significant relationship between recycling and workers’ health status (r= .24, N= 270, P < .05), a positive significant relationship between workers’ safety practices and workers’ health status (r= .16, N= 270, P < .05), and a positive significant relationship between workers’ occupational health attitude and workers’ health status (r= .17, N= 270, P < .05) Result also showed that waste management practices independently and significantly influenced employees health status while waste management practices, workers safety practices, workers occupational health attitude jointly and significantly predicted employees health status. The study concludes that waste management practices, worker’s safety practices, worker’s occupational health attitude were strong predictors of employee’s health status in industries in Nigeria. We therefore recommend that government should put policy in place to regulate and punish offenders of standard waste management practices. Erring industries should be sanctioned and also pay heavy compensation to affected workers.

Keywords:  Industrial, Waste Management, Workers Occupational Health Attitude, Workers Health status, Incineration, Recycling.