IMPACT OF MICRO FINANCE BANK LOAN ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SMALL-SCALE BUSINESSES IN MAIDUGURI METROPOLIS, BORNO STATE, NIGERIA

Samuel Tashiwa Pukuma

samuelpukuma@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

The Importance of Small Scale Businesses has been stressed globally especially in creating jobs and wealth among the poor. However the Deposit Money Banks have not being able to support SSBs financially due to collaterals, this was why Micro Finance Banks were created to fill this gap. Microfinance bank loan is paramount to the performance of small scale businesses as small scale business sector is globally regarded as an important tool for driving economic growth and employment creation in both developing and developed economy.  It is against this background that the study assesses the impact of microfinance bank loan on the performance of small scale businesses in Maiduguri Metropolis. Survey method was used to obtain data from the owners of small scale businesses through questionnaire administration while regression analysis was used in analyzing the data. Findings of the study submits that there exist a significant relationship between micro finance bank loan and the profitability of Small Scale Businesses (SSBs); findings also revealed that a significant relationship exist between Micro finance bank loan and the sales volume of SSBs and that the relationship of micro finance bank and capitals employed is highly significant. The study recommended that government and stakeholders should make provision for training and enlightenment of owners of small businesses in the area of capital expansions so as to help them maximize their loan opportunities and also increase labour employments, the study also recommended that government should improve on the state of infrastructural facilities to reduce the transactional cost associated with the administration of micro credit in the country so as to assist small scale businesses.

Table of Contents

An Assessment of the Effectiveness of Branding as a Tool for Achieving

High Sale in Service Industry (A Case Study of Keystone Bank and Unity

 Bank Plc, Bida)

Abdullahi Ndagi Yakubu,& Salihu Shehu& Ndagi Hussaini                                  1-19

Employee Rewards and Organizational Performance: A Review of

Literature

Haruna, T. Mohammed; Mustapha N. Mustapha& Musa Ibrahim                         20-34

The Impact of Organisational Structure on Employee’s Commitment

in the Nigeria Manufacturing Sector.

Macaulay Onovughakpo Augustine, Abudu Kasimu & Eshegberi Oha Anthony 35-47

Impact of Micro Finance Bank Loan on the Performance of Small

-Scale Businesses in Maiduguri Metropolis, Borno State, Nigeria

Samuel Tashiwa Pukuma                                                                               48-84

THE IMPACT OF ORGANISATIONAL STRUCTURE ON EMPLOYEE’S COMMITMENT IN THE NIGERIA MANUFACTURING SECTOR.

Macaulay Onovughakpo Augustine¹, Abudu Kasimu² & Eshegberi Oha Anthony³

Department of Business Administration, Igbinedion University Okada, Edo State

Department Of Banking and Finance, University Of Benin, Edo State, Nigeria

Petroleum Training Institute, Effurun, Delta State, Nigeria

Email: austenite2020@yahoo.com

Abstract

This study aims to examine the impact of organizational structure on organizational commitment in the manufacturing sector in Edo state, Nigeria. A survey  questionnaire was employed to draw data on a stratified sample of 120 employees from10 selected firms in Edo State.100 valid questionnaires were duly completed and used for analysis. Results reveal that line/ staff and functional type are the dominant organizational structure adopted in most manufacturing organisations investigated.  The chi-square test reveals that organisation structure does affect the level of employee’s commitment in the manufacturing sector. The study concludes that the firms should adopt organizational structure that will ensure optimal employee’s commitment.

Keywords: Employee’s Commitment, Organisational Structure, Manufacturing Sector

EMPLOYEE REWARDS AND ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE

Haruna, T. Mohammed; Mustapha N. Mustapha& Musa Ibrahim

Department of Business Administration

Federal Polytechnic, P. M. B. 55, Bida, Niger State

Email: harunatm73@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

Different individuals have different understanding of employee reward packages. Some employees consider being recognized by their superior officers is more rewarding than financial rewards. Others feel that the combination of increase in internal happiness (intrinsic rewards) and increase in external happiness (extrinsic rewards) are the best reward packages that can bring about increase in organizational performance. In this paper, we explored some thoughts and learning from previous research literatures on employee rewards and organizational performance. Information was collected from secondary source, specifically, from recent journals and textbooks. However, in most of the literatures we found that employees are positive about the combination of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards as a way of achieving high organizational performance. Nevertheless, limitations and further research were also discussed and it was recommended among other things that organizations should invest in reward packages that can improve on employee commitment because employees who are not committed in their work cannot offer their maximum efforts for higher organizational performance to be realized.

Keywords: Reward, Intrinsic, Extrinsic, Employee, Organization, Performance, Agency, Stewardship

Improving the Nigerian 330kV Power System Steady State Voltage Stability Using Static VAr Compensation and Genetic Algorithm Optimization

Prof. Omoigui M.¹, Lawal O.A.² & Alao R. A.³

¹DepartmentElectrical and Electronic, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife

²Department Electrical and Electronic, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria

³DepartmentElectrical and Electronic, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria

Corresponding Author: Lawal O.A

ABSTRACT

The Nigeria 330kV network has been presented in this research work. The network just like many power systems in the world suffer from voltage instability caused by the variation in the reactive power requirement of the systems’ components. This has a resulting effect on consumers’ loads designed to operate within a specific voltage range. The system voltage goes high when there is excessive injection of reactive power and goes low when there is excessive absorption of reactive power.   Ten (10) generating station buses and twenty-two (22) transmission line buses totalling thirty-two (32) buses were considered. Load flow solution was performed on the buses using Newton-Raphson method. This was programmed in matlab and the voltage magnitudes of all the buses were determined. The steady state voltage stability was investigated and the problem buses were identified. These were bus 16 (Yola), bus 23 (Alaoji), bus 26 (Gombe) and bus 30 (Ugwuaji). The voltage magnitude of bus 16 (Yola), bus 26 (Gombe) and bus 30 (Ugwuaji) are higher than what is specified in the Operating Procedure of the National Control Centre while that of bus 23 (Alaoji) is lower than the statutory limit specified. The Static VAr Compensation scheme deployed did not allow a noticeable voltage drop or voltage increase beyond the statutory limit. The scheme was used in this research to supply reactive power to boost the power system voltage magnitude on any of the problem buses and absorb reactive power to reduce the voltage on any of the buses. The compensation scheme reduced the voltage magnitudes of bus 16 (Yola), bus 26 (Gombe) and bus 30 (Ugwuaji) from 1.137pu to 0.975pu, 1.131 to 0.986pu and 1.055pu to 0.987pu respectively. The reactive power compensation scheme was also applied to bus 23 (Alaoji) to increase its voltage magnitude from 0.832pu to 0.954pu. Other buses that were affected positively are bus 10 (Kaduna) from 1.049 pu to 1.000 pu, bus 13 (Kano) from 1.042 pu to 0.992 pu, bus 14 ( Jos) from 1.052 pu to 0.993 pu, bus 15 (Makurdi) 1.051pu to 0.992pu, bus 18 (Benin) from 1.026pu to 1.027pu, bus 19 (Onitsha) from 0.978 to 0.984, bus 22 (New Haven) from 0.975pu to 0.981pu.  The transmission line active power losses in the network were also determined before and after the compensation were applied. These two values were compared to get the increase in transmission efficiency due to the compensation. The compensation brought about a 17.48 percent increase in efficiency. The Static VAr Compensation scheme in this research has been shown to be an efficient tool in maintaining short and long term voltage stability so as to reduce overall transmission losses in the Power System Network. In order to ensure a cost effective optimal load flow, Genetic Algorithm was employed to reduce the cost of electricity generation by the generating power stations. These allotted the generating stations with appropriate capacity to meet the load demand while reducing the cost. This further improved the voltage stability of the network.