CHARACTERIZATION OF MAYO-BUTALE AND WALOL-KOLEL GRAPHITE OF ADAMAWA STATE

Taru Tizhe Tatas¹, Bello Zubairu² and Aliyu A. Baba³

^1&2 Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State,

³Department of Mechanical Engineering, Federal Polytechnic Mubi, Adamawa State,

Email: adamuldam@gmail.com

Abstract: Graphite sample from Mayo-Butale and Walol-Kolel were beneficiated by froth floatation and a yield of 52.1% and 62.65% were obtained for the two samples respectively on a second float. On aching the carbon content was improved from 36.6% and 33.6% for the raw samples to 85.0% and 83.4% for the beneficiated samples. Chemical analysis of the ash using X-ray fluorescence (XRF) showed that SiO₂, Fe₂O₃, and Al₂O₃ were present in high quantity. Others present in low quantity were K₂O, CaO and TiO₂. On determining the powdered density of 2280Kg/m³ and 236oKg/m³ were obtained for the two samples which compares favorably to 2260Kg/m³ for pure graphite. Micro structural studies revealed that the two graphite samples had a flake size of 0.5mm.

Table of Contents

Sustainable Family Well-Being Amid Socio Economic Changes and

Challenges through Food Safety and Nutrition

Christianah A. Olurankinse                                                                            1-25

Phytochemical analysis and Antibacterial Efficacy of leaf extracts of

Nauclea latifolia L.

Malami Y.G., Lawal F.B. and Garba S.T.                                                          26-37

Phytochemical and Antibacterial activity of leaf aqueous extract

of Tamarindusindica L.

MalamiY.G.¹and JatauA                                                                                                            38-48

An Analysis of Doctor-Patient Communication and Patient Satisfaction

in the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Borno

State, Nigeria.

Regina E Brisibe¹Gazali A. Waziri                                                                  49-97

AN ANALYSIS OF DOCTOR-PATIENT COMMUNICATION AND PATIENTSATISFACTION IN THE UNIVERSITY OF MAIDUGURI TEACHING HOSPITAL, MAIDUGURI, BORNO STATE, NIGERIA.

Regina E Brisibe¹Gazali A. Waziri²

Department of Sociology and Anthropology,

University of Maiduguri, Borno State

Email: brisibeenajite@gmail.com

Abstract

Doctors frequently over estimate the amount of information they have provided to patients, and also believe that patients are satisfied with the communication they received during consultation, as it is difficult for patients to convey dissatisfaction in the consultation. Communication and understanding between doctors and patients is an important element in consultation and healing process. Do patients leave the consultation without asking questions about things that are troubling them or do they receive what they regard as a satisfactory response? The study analysed doctor-patient communication and patient satisfaction in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital. The main aim of this study is to analyse how patient satisfaction can be achieved through effective doctor-patient communication in the Outpatient Section of the Department. The Blumer’s idea of Symbolic Interactions Model of Health and Illness which says that “we act toward things according to the meaning we give them and the meaning we give to things is the result of social interaction” was adopted. The population comprised of out-patients seeking care and treatment of conditions related to obstetrics and gynaecology issues such as ante-natal, post-natal, delivery, gynaecological problems, and family planning in the out-patient section of the Obstetrics and Gynaecology department. The doctors who rendered the services were also interviewed as well as mothers. A total of 164 out-patients were randomly drawn from the population using stratified random sampling. Survey method was used as a primary data employing questionnaires and in-depth interview as the instruments for data collection, using the simple random technique method of selection. The descriptive statistics of frequency distribution and percentage were used for the analysis and results were presented in tables. Chi Square statistics were used to show whether there was any relationship between doctor-patient communication and patients’ satisfaction. The findings indicated that there was no communication problem, there was high level of satisfaction as 75 percent of the patient were satisfied with their doctors’ communication; however, patients did not understand their doctors because of lack of adequate explanation’ due to visitors’ interruptions in the consultation room; Shyness was found to be the major barriers or hindrances of communication between doctors and their patients. Both the doctors and the patient’s 100 percent advocated for interpreters when language is impaired. It was recommended that medical interpreters should be trained to make communication easier for both the doctors and the patients to enhance patients’ satisfaction.

Phytochemical and Antibacterial activity of leaf aqueous extract of Tamarindusindica L.

MalamiY.G.¹and JatauA²

Department of science Laboratory Technology,

Umaru Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic, Sokoto.

ABSTRACT

TamarindusindicaL. (Leguminosae) is a plant mostly found in West Africa including Nigeria. The plant is used for medicinal purposes in different parts of Nigeria. Phytochemical and Antibacterial activity of the aqueous extract of T. indicaleaf extract was determined, phytochemical screening test have showed that, the leaf extract contains, Alkaloids, Glycosides, Tannins, Saponins and absence of Flavonoids. The leaf extract tested for the presence of secondary plant metabolites using standard procedures. It was further tested for antibacterial activity against clinical isolates of Klebsiellapneumoniae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeroginosausing disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques. Bioassay test results showed thatK. pneumoniae, E. coliandP. aeroginosawere sensitive to leaf aqueous extract of the plant with highest activity againstK. pneumoniae(19mm) at 200mg/ml, E. coli (18mm) at 200mg/ml, P. aeroginosa (17mm) at 200mg/ml respectively. The plant extract was found to show inhibitory activity against the test isolates which may be related to the presence of phytoconstituents, some of which are reported to be responsible for antibacterial properties of medicinal plants. This may suggest that T. indica used in this study has potential against microbial infections.

Keywords: Antibacterial, E. coli, K. pneumoniae, T. indica, P. aeroginosa, phytochemical.

Phytochemical analysis and Antibacterial Efficacy of leaf extracts of Nauclea latifolia L.

Malami Y.G.,¹ Lawal F.B.² and Garba S.T.³

Department of Science laboratory Technology,

Umaru Ali Shinkafi Polytechnic, Sokoto, Nigeria.

ABSTRACT

Nauclea latifolia is a valuable medicinal plant that is widespread in the humid tropical rainforest or in savannah woodland zone of West and Central Africa. Different parts of the plant possess remarkable therapeutic actions that can support the traditional usage of this plant in the treatment of several ailments. Phytochemical analysis and antibacterial efficacy of the leaf extracts were evaluated. Phytochemical analysis was carried out using standard procedure, the chemical ingredients detected were Flavonoids, Tannins, Saponins, Alkaloids, Steroids, Glycosides, Saponins glycosides, Volatile oils and absent of Cardiac glycosides, Balsam and Anthraquinones. Antibacterial efficacy of the leaf extract was also tested against certain strains of clinical isolates of Salmonella typhi, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus spp using disc diffusion and broth dilution techniques. The antibacterial test results had indicated that, the test isolates were sensitive to the leaf extract of the plant with the highest efficacy against Salmonella typhi (33mm) at 200mg/ml, Klebsiella pneumoniae (40mm) at 200mg/ml, Staphylococcus aureus (11mm) at 200mg/ml, Streptococcus spp (14mm) at 200mg/ml and lowest activity at 25mg/ml. The extract found to showed strong inhibitory effect against the test isolates at higher concentration which was in dose dependent manner. The study had indicated that the leaf extracts of the plant has potential against microbial infections.

SUSTAINABLE FAMILY WELL-BEING AMID SOCIO ECONOMIC CHANGES AND CHALLENGES THROUGH FOOD SAFETY AND NUTRITION

Christianah A. Olurankinse

Department of Home Economics,

Adeyemi College of Education, Ondo.

email:christieolurks@gmail.com

ABSTRACT

This paper creates awareness on the contributions of Food Security and Nutrition on sustainability of family well-being despite chronic socio economic changes and challenges in our society today. It extracts information from the frontiers of knowledge through web-search, magazines, journals, text books while personal observations were also stressed. It examines the present socio economic conditions of present Nigerians as well as the challenges facing them. It discusses the concept of food security and nutrition. It emphasizes the positive solutions to sustain family members in Nigeria through food security and nutrition in order to foster their well-being. Furthermore, the factors that could facilitate food security and nutrition to enhance socio economic status of Nigerians were discussed. Finally, recommendations were made to sustain family well- being.

Keywords: Sustainable, wellbeing, socioeconomic, food security, nutrition.